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CN-121986708-A - Centella asiatica water planting method with high total glycoside content

CN121986708ACN 121986708 ACN121986708 ACN 121986708ACN-121986708-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water planting of centella asiatica, in particular to a centella asiatica water planting method with high total glycoside content, which improves the total glycoside content of centella asiatica by adjusting the nitrogen element content and the nitrogen element form, and comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the centella asiatica seedlings into a nutrient solution for water culture, regulating and controlling the proportion of red light and blue light in an LED light source for water culture of centella asiatica, and changing the nutrient solution with different inorganic nitrogen contents and forms according to the growth condition of centella asiatica. The centella water planting method with high total glycoside content is adopted, the inorganic nitrogen content in the nutrient solution is dynamically adjusted, the proportion of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen is optimized, balance regulation and control of nutrition growth and secondary metabolism are realized, the precise matching of the nitrogen form and the content can effectively activate key enzyme activity in a centella total glycoside synthesis path, and a sufficient material basis is provided for total glycoside component synthesis.

Inventors

  • GUO XIAOYUN
  • HUANG YANFEN
  • GUO CHANGFENG
  • LI CUI
  • JIAN SHAOFEN

Assignees

  • 广西壮族自治区药用植物园

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260206

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A water planting method of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content is characterized in that the total glycoside content of centella asiatica is improved by adjusting the nitrogen element content and the nitrogen element form, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a solution containing 4-8mmol/L inorganic nitrogen, 4-6mmol/L potassium sulfate, 2-4mmol/L calcium chloride, 1-2mmol/L monopotassium phosphate, 1-3mmol/L magnesium sulfate, 0.5-1.5mmol/L potassium silicate, 0.5-5mg/L trace elements, 100-200mg/L seaweed extract and 50-100mg/L humic acid, adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH, uniformly stirring, filtering and sterilizing to obtain a nutrient solution for later use; S2, controlling the water planting temperature of centella asiatica at 16-28 ℃, cleaning and sterilizing root systems of the centella asiatica seedlings, removing old roots and diseased roots, immersing one half to two thirds of the root systems of the centella asiatica seedlings into the nutrient solution in the S1, and keeping the distance between each plant of centella asiatica seedlings at 5-8cm; s3, regulating and controlling the ratio of red light to blue light in an LED light source for centella asiatica water planting to be 5-7:3-5, wherein the illumination time of the LED light source is 12-16 h/day; S4, oxygen is supplied to the nutrient solution in the S2 by using an oxygenation pump, and pest control is carried out on centella asiatica in the nutrient solution regularly, so that the disease plants are removed in time; S5, changing nutrient solutions with different inorganic nitrogen contents according to the growth condition of centella asiatica, wherein the inorganic nitrogen content in the nutrient solution in the seedling stage of centella asiatica is 4-5mmol/L, the inorganic nitrogen content in the nutrient solution in the growing period of centella asiatica is 5-6mmol/L, and the inorganic nitrogen content in the nutrient solution in the vigorous period of centella asiatica is 6-8mmol/L.
  2. 2. The water planting method of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the inorganic nitrogen is ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and the concentration ratio of the ammonium nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 1:2-12.
  3. 3. The water planting method of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content according to claim 2, wherein in S1, the ammonium nitrogen comprises one or more of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; the nitrate nitrogen includes one or more of potassium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
  4. 4. The method for hydroponic culture of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the trace elements include one or more of chelated iron, copper sulfate, boric acid, and ammonium molybdate.
  5. 5. The water planting method of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the temperature difference between day and night is 8-12 ℃ during water planting, and the concentration of CO 2 in the growing environment is controlled to be 600-1200 mu mol/mol.
  6. 6. The method for hydroponic culture of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the pH of the nutrient solution is 5-7 and the EC value is 1.2-2.5mS/cm.
  7. 7. The water planting method of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content according to claim 1, wherein in S4, the dissolved oxygen content in the nutrient solution is 6-8mg/L.
  8. 8. The water planting method of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content according to claim 1, wherein in S5, 50-100mg/L of microbial liquid is selected to be added when the nutrient solution is replaced.
  9. 9. The method for hydroponic culture of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content according to claim 8, wherein in S5, the microbial agent in the microbial liquid comprises one or more of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus, brevibacillus laterosporus, pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
  10. 10. The method for hydroponic culture of centella asiatica having high total glycoside content according to claim 1, wherein 50-100mg/L phenylalanine and 30-50mg/L mevalonic acid are added to the nutrient solution of centella asiatica in the vigorous period of S5.

Description

Centella asiatica water planting method with high total glycoside content Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of water planting of centella asiatica, in particular to a water planting method of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content. Background Centella asiatica (CENTELLA ASIATICA) is a perennial herb of centella genus of Umbelliferae, and the total glycosides of centella asiatica are triterpene compounds containing asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid and madecassoside as main components, and have various pharmacological activities of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, skin repair promoting and nervous system protecting effects, and can be widely used in fields of medicine, cosmetics and health products. Along with the continuous expansion of market demands, large-scale and high-quality planting of centella asiatica becomes a core demand for industrial development. At present, the cultivation mode of centella mainly comprises two modes of traditional soil cultivation and water cultivation. The traditional soil cultivation mode is greatly influenced by factors such as soil texture, fertility, plant diseases and insect pests, the growth environment of centella asiatica is unstable, the fluctuation of the total asiaticoside content is large, and the quality and safety hidden hazards such as pesticide residues, excessive heavy metals and the like exist, so that the requirement of large-scale and standardized production is difficult to meet. The water planting technology gradually becomes a preferred scheme for large-scale planting of centella asiatica due to the advantages of controllable growth environment, accurate nutrient supply, few plant diseases and insect pests, high product cleanliness and the like. However, the existing centella water culture technology still has a plurality of defects that on one hand, the regulation and control of nitrogen elements is lack of systemicity, most technologies only control the nitrogen element content singly, the nitrogen content is not dynamically regulated by combining the nutrition requirements of different growth stages of centella, the proportion of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is not reasonably optimized, the nutrition growth and the secondary metabolism of plants are unbalanced, and the total asiaticoside synthesis is hindered. On the other hand, the water planting environment is not perfectly regulated, if the influence of the growth environment and the secondary metabolism is not fully considered, and the directional supplement of the total glycoside component synthesis precursor substances is lacking, so that the content of the total glycosides of centella asiatica is difficult to further increase. In addition, the application of the microbial inoculum in the existing water culture technology is extensive, the synergistic effect with nutrition regulation and precursor substance supplementation is not realized, and the effect of promoting plant growth and secondary metabolism cannot be fully exerted. Meanwhile, the synthesis of the total glycosides of centella asiatica is synergistically influenced by various environmental factors and nutritional conditions, and the remarkable improvement of the total glycosides content is difficult to realize by single-dimension technical optimization. Therefore, a water culture method capable of pertinently solving the problems and improving the total asiaticoside content by adjusting the nitrogen element content and the form and coordinating multi-factor regulation is developed, and the water culture method has important practical significance and industrial value. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a centella water planting method with high total glycoside content, which dynamically adjusts the inorganic nitrogen content in nutrient solution, optimizes the proportion of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, realizes balance regulation and control of nutrition growth and secondary metabolism, and can effectively activate key enzyme activity in a centella total glycoside component synthesis path by accurately matching the nitrogen form and content. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a water planting method of centella asiatica with high total glycoside content, which improves the total glycoside content of centella asiatica by adjusting the inorganic nitrogen element content and the nitrogen element form, comprising the following steps: S1, preparing a solution containing 4-8mmol/L inorganic nitrogen, 4-6mmol/L potassium sulfate, 2-4mmol/L calcium chloride, 1-2mmol/L monopotassium phosphate, 1-3mmol/L magnesium sulfate, 0.5-1.5mmol/L potassium silicate, 0.5-5mg/L trace elements, 100-200mg/L seaweed extract and 50-100mg/L humic acid, adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH, uniformly stirring, filtering and sterilizing to obtain a nutrient solution for later use; S2, controlling the water culture temperature of centella asiatica