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CN-121986759-A - Method for regulating and controlling synchronous emergence of medium-period and later-period pupae of silkworm mating varieties

CN121986759ACN 121986759 ACN121986759 ACN 121986759ACN-121986759-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling synchronous emergence of pupa in middle and later stages of a silkworm mating variety, belonging to the technical field of silkworm fine breed breeding. The method aims to solve the problems of physiological damage to pupa bodies and insufficient synchronous regulation and control in the middle and later stages caused by the existing strong low-temperature inhibition. The technical scheme is that after cocoon cutting and pupation are carried out in the middle of pupa development period, the forms of male and female pupa are observed every day, scores are quantized, comprehensive development scores of the two groups are calculated and compared, differential temperature protection is carried out on the male pupa group which develops faster or slower, and meanwhile, the residual development time difference of the two groups is estimated according to a pre-established development progress comparison table. And when the time difference exceeds a set threshold, physical stimulation is applied to the hysteresis part, and nutrition is synchronously sprayed and supplemented if the hysteresis part enters a key window before eclosion, and differential photosensitive management is executed after the two parts reach the standard to trigger synchronous eclosion. The invention is mainly used for improving the emergence synchronism and the health degree of the pupa bodies in the silkworm seed production, thereby improving the silkworm seed quality.

Inventors

  • PU YUEXIA
  • WEI BOYOU
  • HUANG LINGLI
  • AN CHUNMEI
  • LIU YANWEI
  • SU HONGMEI
  • WU JINGYAN
  • MENG YIYING
  • TAO JIYANG
  • HUANG LING
  • MAO HONGBIN
  • LAN YANNI
  • HE JI
  • CHEN DEXIAN
  • LAN BIZHONG
  • HUANG JINGTAN
  • RAN YANPING
  • YE JIANWEI
  • MO LIUJING
  • HUANG YANGYU
  • HUANG HONGYAN
  • TAN FUYANG
  • LI FENGYE
  • LUO QUN
  • HUANG WENGONG
  • BI LIHUI

Assignees

  • 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广站(广西壮族自治区蚕种质量检验检疫站、广西壮族自治区蚕业科学研究院)

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260129

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method for regulating and controlling synchronous emergence of silkworm in medium and later stages of cross varieties is characterized in that after cocoon cutting and pupa identifying in medium stage of pupa development, the following steps are carried out daily in a fixed time window: S1, morphological observation and quantitative evaluation, namely observing the morphology of male and female pupae of the mating variety, and quantitatively scoring according to a preset coloring and hardness level; S2, calculating and comparing development progress, namely respectively calculating comprehensive development scores of the female pupa population and the male pupa population, wherein the comprehensive development scores are obtained by calculating an average value of the sum of the scores of all the quantitative scoring indexes in the step S1, and comparing the two scores; s3, synchronizing regulation and control decision and execution, namely based on the comparison result of the S2, synchronously executing the following two items: (a) Differential temperature regulation, namely when the comprehensive development scores of the female pupa population and the male pupa population are different, differential environmental temperature protection is carried out on the male pupa population which develops faster or slower according to the comparison result, and when the comprehensive development scores of the female pupa population and the male pupa population are the same, the female pupa population and the male pupa population are protected at the standard temperature of 25-26 ℃; (b) Inquiring a pre-established development progress comparison table according to the comprehensive development score obtained in the step S1, estimating the residual development days of the hermaphroditic pupa population, and calculating the estimated residual time difference delta T of the two; if the delta T exceeds the set threshold, applying physical stimulus to the pupa population with retarded development within the fixed time window of the current day; If the pupa with retarded development is judged to have entered 48-72 hours before eclosion according to the development progress comparison table, nutritional supplements are sprayed to the pupa with retarded development for one time within a fixed time window of the same day; and S4, synchronous emergence management, namely executing differentiated photosensitive management when the comprehensive development scores of the female and male pupa groups are more than or equal to 10 points and the forms are in accordance with the state to be sensitized according to the development progress comparison table.
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the quantization score in step S1 comprises four indicators: A. Compound eye coloring, wherein the brown color is 1 grade, the black appearance is 2 grade, and the black paint color is 3 grade; B. the antenna is colored, wherein yellow is 1 grade, black is 2 grade, and black is 3 grade; C. the body color of the tail part of the pupa body is yellow of grade 1, brown of grade 2 and dark brown of grade 3; D. The hardness of the pupa body is 1 level, the hardness of the pupa body can be pressed down but not depressed to be 2 level, and the softness can form depressed to be 3 level.
  3. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the differential temperature regulation in step S3 (a) specifically comprises: When the comprehensive development score of the male pupa population is smaller than that of the female pupa population, the male pupa population is protected at the ambient temperature of 27 ℃ so as to accelerate the development of the male pupa population; When the comprehensive development score of the male pupa population is larger than that of the female pupa population, the male pupa population is protected at the ambient temperature of 24 ℃ so as to delay the development of the male pupa population; the female pupa population is always kept at the standard temperature of 25-26 ℃.
  4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the development schedule map in step S3 (b) is pre-established at a standard temperature of 25 ℃ to 26 ℃, and wherein the development schedule map comprises a correspondence of the integrated development score to the estimated number of days of development remaining at the standard temperature.
  5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the set threshold in step S3 (b) is 12 hours and the fixed time window is 8:00 am to 10:00 am daily.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the physical stimulus in the step S3 (b) is a sonic vibration stimulus having a vibration acceleration of 0.5 m/S2 to 2.0 m/S2 and a frequency of 30 Hz to 50 Hz applied to the development-retarded pupa population once for 2 to 4 minutes each time on the day when it is determined that DeltaT exceeds the set threshold.
  7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the sonic vibration is applied by placing a vibration source 10 cm to 15 cm below a silkworm plaque on which pupae are placed.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nutrition supplement in the step S3 (b) is that an aqueous solution containing glucose is applied by spraying at one time within the fixed time window, wherein the mass percentage of the glucose is 0.1 to 0.3%, the spraying amount is 20 to 40 milliliters per square meter of silkworm plaque area where pupae are placed, and a spraying device with an atomization particle size of 50 to 100 micrometers is adopted for the spraying application.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the morphological characteristics of the state to be sensitized in the step S4 are that the compound eye and the feeler are black in paint, dark brown at the tail part, and soft in pupa body.
  10. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the differentiated sensitization in the step S4 is managed by maintaining the ambient temperature at 25 ℃ to 26 ℃ on the day of emergence of the male worms, and sensitization of the female pupae 4-5 hours before mating with a light source, wherein the male pupae is sensitized 1 hour before mating, and the illumination intensity is 50 lux to 200 lux, and the light source is a fluorescent lamp.

Description

Method for regulating and controlling synchronous emergence of medium-period and later-period pupae of silkworm mating varieties Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of fine breed breeding of silkworms, and particularly relates to a method for regulating and controlling synchronous emergence of medium-stage and later-stage pupae of a cross variety of silkworms. Background In the field of fine breed breeding of silkworms, in order to realize synchronous eclosion of male and female moths of a cross variety, a conventional method is to perform multi-stage temperature regulation and control in the whole development process. Particularly, during cocoon period, low-temperature refrigeration inhibition of about 5 ℃ is often adopted for individuals with relatively rapid development, so that development progress of the individuals is forcedly delayed, and early preliminary time synchronization is realized. However, this strong low temperature inhibition means negatively affects the physiology of the pupa. Even when cold storage is removed and the male moth enters the key stage of the development of the pupa body in the middle and later stages, damage of the male moth is continuously shown, the male moth is shown as scale Mao Diaola, the vitality is reduced, the mating ability and the duration are greatly reduced, the female moth is shown as dysphoria and increased bad eggs, and the effective egg circle rate and the egg yield are reduced. The root cause is that the pupa body is extremely sensitive to low-temperature stress, and the low-temperature damage suffered in the early stage has persistence, so that the subsequent normal development and the eclosion quality are affected. Therefore, in the critical stage of determining final emergence quality and synchronization in the middle and later stages of pupa bodies, there is an urgent need in the art for a method capable of refining, rebalancing and physiologically repairing the development progress of male and female pupa on the basis of the aforementioned necessary early regulation. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects, the invention solves the problems of physiological damage to pupa bodies and insufficient synchronous regulation in middle and later stages caused by the existing strong low-temperature inhibition. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for regulating and controlling synchronous emergence of silkworm to medium and later pupa of a cross variety, which comprises the following steps of: S1, morphological observation and quantitative evaluation, namely observing the morphology of male and female pupae of the mating variety, and quantitatively scoring according to a preset coloring and hardness level; S2, calculating and comparing development progress, namely respectively calculating comprehensive development scores of the female pupa population and the male pupa population, wherein the comprehensive development scores are obtained by calculating an average value of the sum of the scores of all the quantitative scoring indexes in the step S1, and comparing the two scores; s3, synchronizing regulation and control decision and execution, namely based on the comparison result of the S2, synchronously executing the following two items: (a) Differential temperature regulation, namely when the comprehensive development scores of the female pupa population and the male pupa population are different, differential environmental temperature protection is carried out on the male pupa population which develops faster or slower according to the comparison result, and when the comprehensive development scores of the female pupa population and the male pupa population are the same, the female pupa population and the male pupa population are protected at the standard temperature of 25-26 ℃; (b) Inquiring a pre-established development progress comparison table according to the comprehensive development score obtained in the step S1, estimating the residual development days of the hermaphroditic pupa population, and calculating the estimated residual time difference delta T of the two; if the delta T exceeds the set threshold, applying physical stimulus to the pupa population with retarded development within the fixed time window of the current day; If the pupa with retarded development is judged to have entered 48-72 hours before eclosion according to the development progress comparison table, nutritional supplements are sprayed to the pupa with retarded development for one time within a fixed time window of the same day; and S4, synchronous emergence management, namely executing differentiated photosensitive management when the comprehensive development scores of the female and male pupa groups are more than or equal to 10 points and the forms are in accordance with the state to be sensitized according to the development progress comparison table. Preferably, the quantization score in step S1 includes the followin