CN-121986942-A - Coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller

CN121986942ACN 121986942 ACN121986942 ACN 121986942ACN-121986942-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nut shelling equipment, and particularly discloses a coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller, wherein a shelling device comprises a closed roller and a concave screen, wherein the closed roller and the concave screen are arranged in parallel left and right; the closed roller is arranged on the frame through a roller shaft and a bearing seat, the left closed roller and the right closed roller are respectively driven by a roller motor to reversely rotate, the concave plate sieve is slidably arranged on the frame through a sliding rail, and is connected with a reciprocating driving device, and the concave plate sieve is driven to reciprocate along the direction of the roller shaft through the reciprocating driving device. According to the invention, through superposition of the rotary motion of the roller and the axial reciprocating motion of the concave plate screen, the peanut is forced to form a bidirectional spiral line motion track in the shelling chamber, and the composite motion not only increases the kneading path and improves the threshing rate, but also greatly reduces the probability of blockage of the blocked materials due to the continuous change of the positions of the screen holes relative to the materials.

Inventors

LIU DAOQI
XING JINLONG
LIU LONG
CUI XIAOWEI
SUN WENXI
LI XIUJIE
CHEN KAIYANG
QIAN KAI
SUN QIANTAO
HU JIBANG

Assignees

河南省农业科学院长垣分院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260213

Claims (8)

1. The coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller comprises a frame (1), a feed hopper (2), a shelling device and a cleaning device, wherein the feed hopper (2) is arranged on the frame (1), the shelling device is arranged at the lower end of the feed hopper (2), and the cleaning device is arranged on the frame (1) below the shelling device, and is characterized in that the shelling device comprises a closed roller (303) and a concave screen (302) which are arranged in parallel left and right; the closed roller (303) is arranged on the frame (1) through a roller shaft and a bearing seat (304), the left closed roller (303) and the right closed roller (303) are respectively driven by a roller motor to reversely rotate, the concave plate screen (302) is slidably arranged on the frame (1) through a sliding rail, the concave plate screen (302) is connected with a reciprocating driving device, and the concave plate screen (302) is driven to do reciprocating motion along the direction of the roller shaft through the reciprocating driving device.
2. The coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller according to claim 1, characterized in that the reciprocating driving device adopts a reciprocating driving motor, a rack is arranged on one side of the concave screen (302), the reciprocating driving motor is arranged on the frame (1), the output end of the reciprocating driving motor is connected with a gear, the gear is meshed with the rack, and the reciprocating driving motor drives the concave screen (302) to reciprocate along the direction of the roller shaft.
3. The coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller according to claim 1, further comprising self-adaptive block-cleaning and scraping assemblies (5) arranged on two axial sides of the shelling device, wherein the self-adaptive block-cleaning and scraping assemblies (5) comprise arc-shaped scrapers (501); the frames (1) at two sides of the shelling device extend outwards to form an extension seat (305), and the arc scraping plate (501) is hinged below the extension seat (305) through a rotating shaft; The lower edge of the arc-shaped scraping plate (501) is arc-shaped and is adapted to and close to the arc-shaped inner surface of the concave screen (302), and the upper edge of the arc-shaped scraping plate (501) is provided with a transverse limiting plate (502) in an outward extending manner; When the concave plate screen (302) moves towards the arc-shaped scraping plate (501) on one side, the arc-shaped scraping plate (501) on the side is forced to swing until the transverse limiting plate (502) of the arc-shaped scraping plate is abutted against the extending seat (305), so that the arc-shaped scraping plate (501) keeps a vertical working posture to scrape a deposit on the inner surface of the concave plate screen (302), and when the concave plate screen (302) moves reversely, the arc-shaped scraping plate (501) on the side freely deflects around the inner side of the rotating shaft to avoid materials.
4. The coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of avoidance notches (504) corresponding to the mesh positions of the concave plate screen (302) are formed at the lower edge of the arc-shaped scraping plate (501), and an elastic reset material picking mechanism is arranged in the avoidance notches (504); The elastic reset material picking mechanism comprises a material picking pin shaft (507), an elastic reset material picking claw (505) and an elastic piece (506); The material picking pin shaft (507) is fixed in the avoidance notch groove (504), and the elastic reset material picking claw (505) is rotatably arranged in the avoidance notch groove (504) through the material picking pin shaft (507); The elastic reset picking claw (505) comprises a reset section positioned at the upper part and a working section positioned at the lower part, wherein the reset section is positioned in the avoidance notch (504) and is connected with the main bodies of arc-shaped scraping plates (501) at two sides of the avoidance notch (504) through elastic pieces (506), and the working section extends downwards in an inclined manner and stretches into the mesh inside of the concave plate screen (302); when the concave plate screen (302) moves towards the arc-shaped scraping plate (501), the material clamped in the mesh holes is lifted upwards by the operation section to fall back into the concave plate screen (302), and when the operation section contacts with the transverse grid bars of the concave plate screen (302), the elastic reset material picking claw (505) rotates around the material picking pin shaft (507) against the tensile force of the elastic piece (506) to avoid the grid bars, and is reset under the action of the elastic piece (506) after passing over the grid bars.
5. The coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller according to claim 1 is characterized in that the concave plate sieve (302) is of a three-section structure design and comprises a middle section and two end sections, wherein the middle section is a screen formed by circumferentially distributing round grid bars and is provided with reinforcing ribs uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the two end sections are cylindrical semi-closed concave plates.
6. The coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller according to claim 1, characterized in that the closed roller (303) is a cylindrical hollow roller, and the cylindrical surface of the closed roller is provided with tooth-shaped protrusions for extruding and kneading peanut pods in cooperation with a concave screen (302).
7. The coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning device comprises a cleaning fan (401), a cleaning screen (402) and a vibration motor (406), a carrier disc (101) is arranged on the frame (1), a bracket is arranged in the middle of the carrier disc (101) and used for installing a bearing seat (304), a closed roller (303) of the shelling device is installed through the bearing seat (304), sliding rails are fixed on two sides of the carrier disc (101) and used for installing a concave screen (302), the carrier disc (101) below the closed roller (303) is provided with blanking holes, the cleaning screen (402) is installed on the frame (1) below the blanking holes through a connecting rod, a screen plate (403) is installed on the cleaning screen (402), the cleaning screen (402) is divided into two layers through the screen plate (403), a nut shell discharging port is arranged on the upper layer, a nut discharging port (404) is arranged on the lower layer, the nut shell discharging port and the vibrating motor (406) is fixed at the bottom of the cleaning screen (402) in a different direction from the discharging port (404), and the cleaning fan (401) is horizontally arranged above the nut shell discharging port and faces the air outlet (402).
8. The coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller of claim 1, wherein the roller motor driving the closed roller (303) to rotate and the reciprocating drive motor driving the concave screen (302) (7) to move are both speed-adjustable motors.

Description

Coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nut shelling equipment, in particular to a coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller. Background Peanuts are good-quality oil crops and good-quality protein resources in China, and the importance of the safety of the oil in China is guaranteed. Peanut production involves many links from planting to harvesting, where peanut shelling is a demanding, time consuming operation. The traditional shelling method mainly depends on striking and extrusion, and has the problems of low efficiency, high labor intensity, long operation time and the like. Especially limited by physical properties of peanut pods, the existing equipment is easy to cause high comprehensive loss rate and low germination rate in shelling processing, and the concave plate sieve is easy to be blocked, so that the requirement of large-scale planting is difficult to be met. Therefore, the development of an efficient, low-loss and anti-blocking peanut sheller has important practical significance. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller aiming at the problems that in the prior art, shelling efficiency is low, a concave plate screen is easy to block and breakage rate of peanut kernels is high. The invention solves the technical problems by adopting a scheme that the coaxial double-roller turning rotary peanut sheller comprises a frame, a feed hopper, a shelling device and a cleaning device, wherein the feed hopper is arranged on the frame, the shelling device is arranged at the lower end of the feed hopper, the cleaning device is arranged on the frame below the shelling device, the shelling device comprises a closed roller and a concave plate sieve, the closed roller and the concave plate sieve are arranged in parallel left and right, the closed roller is arranged on the frame through a roller shaft and a bearing seat, the left and right closed rollers are respectively driven by a roller motor to reversely rotate, the concave plate sieve is slidably arranged on the frame through a sliding rail, the concave plate sieve is connected with a reciprocating driving device, and the concave plate sieve is driven by the reciprocating driving device to reciprocate along the roller shaft direction. Preferably, the reciprocating driving device adopts a reciprocating driving motor, one side of the concave screen is provided with a rack, the reciprocating driving motor is arranged on the frame, the output end of the reciprocating driving motor is connected with a gear, the gear is meshed with the rack, and the reciprocating driving motor drives the concave screen to reciprocate along the direction of the roller shaft. The self-adaptive blockage-cleaning scraping assembly comprises arc scraping plates, wherein the racks on two sides of the shelling device extend outwards to form an extending seat, the arc scraping plates are hinged below the extending seat through rotating shafts, the lower edges of the arc scraping plates are arc-shaped and are adapted to be close to the arc-shaped inner surface of the concave plate sieve, transverse limiting plates are arranged on the upper edges of the arc scraping plates in an outward extending mode, when the concave plate sieve moves towards the arc scraping plates on one side, the arc scraping plates on the side are forced to swing to the transverse limiting plates to be abutted against the extending seat, the arc scraping plates keep vertical working postures to scrape deposits on the inner surface of the concave plate sieve, and when the concave plate sieve moves reversely, the arc scraping plates on the side rotate around the inner side in the axial direction to deflect freely so as to avoid materials. The elastic reset material picking mechanism comprises a material picking pin shaft, an elastic reset material picking claw and an elastic piece, wherein the material picking pin shaft is fixed in the avoidance groove, the elastic reset material picking claw is rotatably installed in the avoidance groove through the material picking pin shaft, the elastic reset material picking claw comprises a reset section located at the upper part and a working section located at the lower part, the reset section is located in the avoidance groove and is connected with arc scraping plate bodies on two sides of the avoidance groove through the elastic piece, the working section extends downwards in an inclined mode and stretches into a mesh hole of the concave plate screen, when the concave plate screen moves towards the arc scraping plate, the material clamped in the mesh hole is lifted upwards to enable the material to fall back into the concave plate screen, when the working section contacts with a transverse grid bar of the concave plate screen, the elastic reset material picking claw overcomes the tensile force of the elastic piece to rotate around the