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CN-121987287-A - Protector for preventing rear fork from tearing off and fracture and use method

CN121987287ACN 121987287 ACN121987287 ACN 121987287ACN-121987287-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic surgical instruments, and discloses a protector for preventing a rear fork from tearing off a fracture, which comprises an osteotomy guide and a chisel, wherein the osteotomy guide is provided with a detachably matched fixing part, the fixing part is provided with a guide plate which can be detachably connected with the fixing part, the guide plate is provided with a guide structure, the chisel can move along the guide structure and cut off grooves on bone tissues, the invention is matched with the chisel through the detachable fixing part and the pre-bendable guide plate, the protection guide structure of the adaptive osteotomy guide is constructed, the guide inclined plane is accurate, the track of the spacing chisel is limited, the damage to the posterior cruciate ligament is avoided, the deformation groove enables the guide plate to be attached to the personalized bone surface of a patient, the positioning groove and the avoidance groove guarantee assembly are stable and interference-free, the cutting groove can be flexibly cut before and after the bone block is cut, the irregular bone surface of the adaptive irregular bone surface is cut in a sectioning way, the stress conduction is effectively blocked, and the tearing fracture of the back fork dead point is prevented from the root.

Inventors

  • CHEN YANG
  • CHEN QIAOJIE
  • LI KEHAN
  • ZHANG HAIJUN
  • ZHANG BO
  • WANG RUOTING

Assignees

  • 宁波市第二医院

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260303

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a prevent back fork dead point avulsion fracture protector, its characterized in that includes osteotomy director (1) and chisel (4), be equipped with on osteotomy director (1) and dismantle complex fixed part (2), be equipped with deflector (3) rather than dismantling the connection on fixed part (2), deflector (3) are provided with guide structure, chisel (4) can follow guide structure and remove and cut the cutting groove on bone tissue.
  2. 2. The protector for preventing the rear fork from tearing off and fracture according to claim 1, wherein the fixing part (2) is provided with a positioning groove (23), and the positioning groove (23) is matched with and realizes positioning fit with the positioning block (11) of the osteotomy guide (1).
  3. 3. The protector for preventing the rear fork from tearing off and fracture according to claim 2, wherein the fixing component (2) is provided with a connecting groove (22), the guide plate (3) comprises a guide main body (31) and a connecting end (32), and the connecting end (32) is in fit connection with the connecting groove (22).
  4. 4. A protector against rear fork dead center avulsion as claimed in claim 3, wherein the guide structure is a guide slope (33) provided on the guide body (31), the guide slope (33) being provided in a direction toward the bone surface.
  5. 5. A protector for preventing a rear fork dead point avulsion fracture according to claim 3, wherein the guide main body (31) is provided with a plurality of deformation grooves (34), and the guide plate (3) can be bent and deformed through the deformation grooves (34) and is pre-bent to adapt to the radian of the bone surface of a patient.
  6. 6. The protector for preventing rear fork dead point avulsion fracture according to claim 1, wherein the chisel (4) has a cutter head (41), the cutter head (41) is arranged in an arc-shaped inclined manner, and the chisel (4) is suitably matched with the guiding structure.
  7. 7. The protector for preventing rear fork dead point avulsion fracture according to claim 2, wherein the fixing part (2) is provided with a fixing end (21) and an avoidance groove (24), the fixing end (21) is used for fixing, the avoidance groove (24) is used for avoiding assembly interference, and the connecting groove (22) is formed on the fixing end (21).
  8. 8. The protector for preventing avulsion of the rear fork dead center as claimed in claim 5, wherein the assembled guide plate (3) is attached to the bone surface of the rear of the tibial plateau of the patient, and forms a limit guard for the chisel (4).
  9. 9. A method of using a protector for preventing a rear fork dead center avulsion fracture according to any of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of: s1, pre-operation, namely printing a personalized skeleton model according to preoperation imaging data of a patient, and pre-bending a guide plate (3) to a shape attached to a bone surface of the patient by means of a deformation groove (34); s2, fixing the osteotomy guide, namely adjusting the osteotomy guide (1) to a preset operation position and finishing fixation; s3, assembling the fixing part (2) and the guide plate (3) to the osteotomy guide (1) in sequence; s4, cutting off grooves, namely attaching a cutter head (41) of a chisel (4) to a guide inclined plane (33) of a guide plate (3), cutting off the cutting off grooves along the guide inclined plane (33), cutting off the cutting off grooves before or after cutting of bone blocks, and cutting off small-section grooves for a plurality of times by the chisel (4) in a sectioning way and connecting to form continuous and complete cutting off grooves because the bone surfaces are irregularly arc-shaped; S5, disassembling, namely finishing the cutting groove cutting and then processing the bone blocks, sequentially taking down the chisel (4), the guide plate (3) and the fixing part (2), and continuing the subsequent operation.
  10. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein in step S3, the fixing member (2) is assembled and the guide plate (3) is assembled, or the guide plate (3) is assembled and the whole is assembled to the osteotomy guide (1).

Description

Protector for preventing rear fork from tearing off and fracture and use method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic surgical instruments, in particular to a protector for preventing a back fork from tearing off a fracture at a dead point and a using method. Background Knee joint is the main weight-bearing joint of human body, and total knee arthroplasty is a common effective way for treating end-stage knee osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases, and can effectively relieve pain and restore knee joint function. Wherein, the posterior cruciate ligament retaining type total knee arthroplasty can retain the proprioception of the knee joint, maintain the stability of the joint, and enable the knee joint to have the movement characteristic which is closer to the physiological state, and has wide application in clinic. In posterior cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty, tibial plateau resection is the core procedure. In the operation, the tibia platform osteotomy is completed through the osteotomy guide, so that the normal function of the posterior cruciate ligament is reserved, the osteotomy position can avoid the dead point area of the posterior cruciate ligament on the tibia, the osteotomy line is positioned in front of the dead point, and the bone pieces and the posterior cruciate ligament attachment structure at the dead point are reserved. In the operation processes of trimming bone tissue after finishing osteotomy, adapting prosthesis and the like, the external force is easy to cause the osteotomy edge to generate bone fracture, the bone fracture can extend along the posterior cruciate ligament dead center of the bone tissue, and finally the posterior cruciate ligament dead center avulsion fracture is initiated, if the bone tissue is directly cut by a cutter to try to block the bone fracture extension, the cutter is affected by narrow operation space and limited operation visual field, in order to avoid the damage of the posterior cruciate ligament by the cutter, the cutter must deliberately avoid the posterior cruciate ligament area in the cutting process, the bone tissue after cutting and peripheral bone can not be completely separated, a small amount of residual connective bone tissue can not be left, the complete cutting and separation can not be realized, and the traction and prying acting force generated in the process of tilting can be directly transmitted to the dead point of the posterior cruciate ligament through the residual connective bone tissue when the bone block of the cutting area is tilted and taken down, so that the bone tissue at the dead point is pulled and torn, the tear fracture of the dead point of the posterior cruciate ligament is caused, and the tear fracture can not be avoided. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a protector for preventing the back fork from tearing off at the dead point and a using method thereof, and the safe and accurate cutting of a cutting groove is realized by matching a fixing part with a chisel through a guide plate which can be pre-bent and adapted, so that the stress conduction is blocked, and the damage to the back cruciate ligament and the tearing off at the dead point are avoided. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The utility model provides a prevent back fork dead point avulsion fracture protector, includes cuts bone director and chisel, be equipped with detachable fit's fixed part on cutting the bone director, be equipped with the deflector rather than dismantling the connection on the fixed part, the deflector is provided with guide structure, the chisel can remove along guide structure and cut the section groove on bone tissue. Preferably, the fixed part is provided with a positioning groove, the positioning groove is matched with a positioning block of the osteotomy guide to realize positioning and matching, so that the fixed part and the osteotomy guide are rapidly and accurately positioned, shaking and shifting after assembly are avoided, and assembly stability is guaranteed. Preferably, the fixed part is provided with a connecting groove, the guide plate comprises a guide main body and a connecting end, the connecting end is in fit connection with the connecting groove, and the guide plate and the fixed part can be detachably and fixedly connected through a screw. Preferably, the guiding structure is a guiding inclined plane arranged on the guiding main body, the guiding inclined plane is arranged along the direction facing the bone surface, the movement track of the chisel is limited, and the cutting position compliance of the cutting groove is ensured. Preferably, a plurality of deformation grooves are formed in the guide main body, the guide plate can be bent and deformed through the deformation grooves and is pre-bent to adapt to the radian of the bone surface of