CN-121987801-A - Attapulgite composite nano-enzyme for resisting porcine viral diarrhea and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an attapulgite composite nano-enzyme for resisting porcine viral diarrhea and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material takes attapulgite as a carrier, firstly extracts active ingredients of radix isatidis through an alcohol-water mixture and loads the active ingredients on the attapulgite, and then utilizes the guiding and reducing actions of the active ingredients of the radix isatidis to construct a zinc oxide-cuprous oxide heterojunction nano-structure on the surface of the attapulgite in situ. The compound nano enzyme obtained by the invention integrates the direct antiviral activity of isatis root, the enzyme-like catalytic performance of ZnO-Cu 2 O heterojunction and the adsorption function of attapulgite, and can efficiently inhibit intestinal pathogens such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and the like through the synergistic effect of triple mechanisms of adsorption enrichment, catalytic killing and traditional Chinese medicine inhibition. The material has the advantages of simple preparation process, green and safe performance, no drug residue, and wide application prospect in preparing drugs and feed additives for preventing and treating porcine viral diarrhea.

Inventors

• YANG FANGFANG
• WANG AIQIN
• MOU BIN
• HUI AIPING
• KANG YURU
• WANG QIN
• MA MINGCAI

Assignees

• 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260211

Claims (10)

1. 1. An attapulgite composite nano-enzyme for resisting porcine viral diarrhea is characterized in that attapulgite is used as a carrier, and the carrier is simultaneously loaded with an effective component of isatis root and a zinc oxide-cuprous oxide heterojunction nano-structure.
2. 2. The composite nano-enzyme according to claim 1, wherein the zinc oxide-cuprous oxide heterojunction is uniformly distributed on the surface of the attapulgite in the form of nano-particles, and the particle size of the nano-particles is less than 5 nm.
3. 3. The compound nano-enzyme according to claim 1, wherein the isatis root active ingredient comprises at least one of indigo, indirubin, adenosine and polysaccharide.
4. 4. A method for preparing the composite nano-enzyme according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: (1) Mixing radix Isatidis powder with alcohol-water mixed solvent, heating, reflux extracting, and filtering to obtain radix Isatidis extractive solution, adding attapulgite powder into radix Isatidis extractive solution, stirring to make radix Isatidis effective component adsorbed on attapulgite to obtain mixed suspension; (2) And (3) in-situ synthesis, namely adding soluble zinc salt and soluble copper salt into the mixed suspension obtained in the step (1), performing heating reaction under alkaline conditions to enable the zinc oxide-cuprous oxide heterojunction nanostructure to be generated on the surface of the attapulgite in situ, and performing post-treatment on a reaction product to obtain the composite nano enzyme.
5. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the volume fraction of ethanol in the alcohol-water mixed solvent is 25% -70%, the temperature of the heating reflux extraction is 50% -75 ℃ and the time is 1-3 hours, and the attapulgite powder is subjected to pretreatment before being added into the isatis root extract, wherein the pretreatment comprises acid activation, water washing, drying and roasting.
6. 6. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the soluble zinc salt is zinc nitrate or zinc acetate, the soluble copper salt is copper nitrate, copper acetate, copper chloride or copper sulfate, and the alkaline condition is regulated by dropwise adding sodium hydroxide solution or ammonia water, and the pH value of the reaction system is controlled to be 10-12.
7. 7. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the heating reaction is carried out at a temperature of 45-95 ℃ for a reaction time of 2-12 hours, and the post-treatment comprises centrifugation, washing with water and ethanol, and drying.
8. 8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the feeding mass ratio of the attapulgite, the isatis root powder, the zinc salt and the copper salt is 1 (5-20): 0.05-0.5): 0.02-0.3.
9. 9. Use of the complex nanoenzyme of any one of claims 1-3 in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of porcine viral diarrhea.
10. 10. Use of the composite nano-enzyme according to any one of claims 1-3 for the preparation of a feed additive for preventing viral diarrhea in pigs.

Description

Attapulgite composite nano-enzyme for resisting porcine viral diarrhea and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of veterinary medicine materials, and particularly relates to a composite nano enzyme material with a pig virus diarrhea resisting function, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Porcine viral diarrhea is one of the most common and serious diseases in pig industry, and is mainly caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus, rotavirus and the like. These viruses attack porcine intestinal epithelial cells, causing atrophy of intestinal villi, digestive absorption dysfunction, causing severe watery diarrhea, dehydration and high mortality, especially more severe damage to piglets, causing huge economic losses (animal husbandry environment, 2025, (17): 97-98.). At present, prevention and control of porcine viral diarrhea mainly depends on vaccine immunity and drug treatment. However, high rates of virus variability often lead to unsatisfactory vaccine protection, while chemical antiviral drugs present residual, drug resistance and food safety issues. In the cultivation practice, antibiotics are often used for controlling secondary infection, but long-term use leads to bacterial drug resistance and drug residues of animal products, which threatens public health safety. The attapulgite is a natural magnesium-rich aluminosilicate clay mineral, has a unique fibrous crystal structure and one-dimensional nano channels, has a large specific surface area and excellent adsorption performance, and can adsorb pathogenic microorganisms and toxins. Studies have shown that attapulgite can improve intestinal integrity and prevent diarrhea in weaned pigs (animal nutrition report, 2024,36 (01): 25-32.). However, pure attapulgite has limited adsorption and inactivation ability to viruses, and it is difficult to effectively control viral diarrhea. The isatis root is a traditional Chinese medicinal material, and active ingredients such as indirubin, indigo and the like have broad-spectrum antiviral effect, but have poor water solubility and low bioavailability, so that the application effect is limited. The nano enzyme is a nano material with enzyme-like activity, can simulate the catalytic function of natural enzyme, and has great potential in the field of antibiosis and antivirus (journal of practical clinical medicine, 2018, 22 (15): 1-7+13). Researches show that nano zinc oxide has enzyme-like activity and antiviral property, while cuprous oxide has similar catalytic performance and has direct inhibition effect on various viruses. The two metal oxides are constructed into heterojunction to generate synergistic catalytic effect, so that the antiviral efficiency is improved. However, the prior art lacks an integrated design of synergistically integrating the traditional Chinese medicine extract and the metal oxide heterojunction into a mineral carrier, and particularly, multiple mechanism prevention and control products aiming at porcine viral diarrhea are rare. Therefore, the material which can integrate multiple functions of adsorption, catalysis and traditional Chinese medicine inhibition, is safe and efficient and has important practical significance and application value is developed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the attapulgite composite nano-enzyme for resisting porcine viral diarrhea, which integrates the functions of antivirus, nano-enzyme catalysis and clay adsorption of traditional Chinese medicines, realizes multi-target prevention and control of porcine viral diarrhea, and has the characteristics of synergistic effect, multiple action mechanisms and environmental protection and safety. The invention also aims to provide a green preparation method of the composite nano-enzyme, which has the advantages of simple process, mild condition and environmental friendliness and is suitable for large-scale production. The invention also aims to provide the application of the composite nano-enzyme in preparing a drug or a feed additive for preventing and/or treating porcine viral diarrhea. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The invention provides an attapulgite composite nano-enzyme for resisting porcine viral diarrhea, which takes attapulgite as a carrier, loads the effective components of isatis root on the surface and in a pore canal of the attapulgite composite nano-enzyme, and constructs a zinc oxide-cuprous oxide (ZnO-Cu 2 O) heterojunction nano-structure in situ. The zinc oxide-cuprous oxide heterojunction is uniformly distributed on the surface of the attapulgite in the form of nano particles, and the particle size of the nano particles is smaller than 5 nm. The main effective components of the radix isatidis comprise at least one of indigo, indirubin, adenosine and poly