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CN-121987808-A - Biomass fiber aerogel and preparation method and application thereof

CN121987808ACN 121987808 ACN121987808 ACN 121987808ACN-121987808-A

Abstract

The invention provides biomass fiber aerogel and a preparation method and application thereof, and in particular relates to the biomass fiber aerogel, wherein the aerogel comprises nano particles and biomass fibers, and the nano particles are arranged on the surfaces of the biomass fibers; the nano particles comprise shellac, and the biomass fibers comprise chitin. The aerogel has the functions of micro-plastic removal and lipid metabolism regulation, can be adapted to oil-water mixing systems with different grease types and different grease concentrations, can maintain structural stability and high-efficiency adsorption performance in a complex static/dynamic digestion environment, can reduce body fat accumulation, reduce the content of blood triglyceride, promote lipid fecal excretion and regulate lipid metabolism, has good biocompatibility, can be biodegraded, has no accumulation risk in vivo, and has good clinical safety.

Inventors

  • DENG HONGBING
  • ZHENG MIN
  • WU YANG

Assignees

  • 武汉大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260407

Claims (13)

  1. 1. An aerogel comprising nanoparticles and a biomass fiber, wherein the nanoparticles are disposed on the surface of the biomass fiber; The nanoparticles comprise shellac; the biomass fiber comprises chitin.
  2. 2. The aerogel of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of nanoparticles to biomass fibers is 1 (1-60), and/or The diameter of the nano particles is 20 nm-250 nm, and/or The nanoparticle further comprises at least one of zein, wheat gliadin, soy prolamin or gelatin, and/or The biomass fiber also comprises at least one of sodium alginate, cellulose or starch fiber, and/or The deacetylation degree of the chitin is 5% -10%.
  3. 3. Use of the aerogel according to any of claims 1-2 in at least one of the following: (1) Adsorbing the micro plastic; (2) Regulating lipid metabolism.
  4. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the microplastic comprises polystyrene and/or The adsorption capacity of the aerogel to the microplastic in an oil-water mixed system is 1-5 g/g, and/or The diameter of the micro plastic is 0.05-10 mu m.
  5. 5. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that the regulation of lipid metabolism by the aerogel is achieved by means of at least one of the following pathways: (1) Reducing fat content; (2) Reducing the content of triglyceride in serum; (3) Regulating expression of a fat-critical metabolic enzyme comprising at least one of a fat triglyceride lipase, a hormone sensitive lipase or a diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1.
  6. 6. A composition comprising the aerogel of any one of claims 1-2.
  7. 7. Use of the aerogel of any of claims 1-2 or the composition of claim 6 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of metabolic disorders; The metabolic disease includes at least one of diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, hypertension or obesity.
  8. 8. A medicament comprising the aerogel of any one of claims 1-2 or the composition of claim 6; In the medicine, the application amount of the aerogel is 60-300 mug/day.
  9. 9. A method of preparing the aerogel of any of claims 1-2, comprising: and performing freeze drying treatment on the mixed solution of the nano particles and the biomass fibers to obtain the aerogel.
  10. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the nanoparticle and biomass fiber mixture is obtained by subjecting a nanoparticle solution and biomass fiber dispersion to a first agitation, and/or Before the first stirring, the biomass fiber is added into an acid solution in advance for soaking treatment for 1-10 h, and/or The method comprises subjecting the soaking treatment product to homogenizing stripping treatment to obtain biomass fiber dispersion liquid, and/or The acid solution comprises at least one of formic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid solution, and/or The homogenizing stripping treatment condition is 5000 rpm-30000 rpm, and/or The homogenizing stripping treatment time is 5-60 min.
  11. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein prior to the first stirring, nanoparticles are added to an organic solution in advance for dissolution treatment to obtain the nanoparticle solution, wherein the organic solution comprises at least one of methanol, ethanol, formic acid or acetic acid solution, and/or The concentration of the nanoparticle solution is 1 mg/mL-40 mg/mL, and/or The nanoparticle solution is added to the biomass fiber dispersion at a rate of 0.05 mL/min to 0.5 mL/min and/or during the first stirring Removing the acid solution from the biomass fiber dispersion after the first agitation and before the freeze-drying, and/or The removal of the acid solution is achieved by at least one of solvent evaporation, dialysis or rotary evaporation, and/or The freeze drying comprises a first freeze drying treatment, wherein the condition of the first freeze drying treatment is-20 ℃ to-50 ℃, and/or the time of the first freeze drying treatment is 5 h-15 h, and/or The freeze drying process also comprises a second freeze drying process, wherein the conditions of the second freeze drying process are-50 ℃ to-40 ℃ and 0.01 Pa to 0.1 Pa, and/or the time of the second freeze drying process is 24 h to 48 h.
  12. 12. A method of removing microplastic comprising: contacting the aerogel of any of claims 1-2, the composition of claim 6, or the drug of claim 8 with a microplastic.
  13. 13. A method of controlling lipids in vitro comprising: Contacting the aerogel of any of claims 1-2, the composition of claim 6, or the drug of claim 8 with a lipid.

Description

Biomass fiber aerogel and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the field of biological medicine, in particular to biomass fiber aerogel and a preparation method and application thereof, and more particularly relates to aerogel and a preparation method thereof, application of the aerogel, a composition, a medicine and pharmaceutical application, a method for removing microplastic and a method for controlling lipid in vitro. Background When the pollution of the lower micro plastic is a global environmental problem, the fundamental transformation of the modern population diet mode further aggravates the composite health risk of the micro plastic and abnormal metabolism, namely the high-frequency consumption of semi-finished food and takeaway catering, not only the excessive intake of high grease in the diet is caused, but also the micro plastic leakage can occur in the whole links of production, transportation and eating of the plastic package, the micro plastic can enter the human body along with the ways of food, drinking water and the like, and the micro plastic can be accumulated in the alimentary canal together with the grease in the diet, so that the problem of composite exposure of in-vivo pollutants under a typical oil-water mixed system is formed. The compound exposure can not only directly cause damage to the intestinal barrier structure and destroy the intestinal microecological balance, but also generate obvious synergistic effect to exacerbate the metabolic abnormality problems such as insulin resistance, excessive fat accumulation, blood lipid disorder and the like, form malignant circulation in which the accumulation of microplastic in the body and the diet-induced metabolic imbalance are mutually promoted, and seriously threaten the health of human bodies. Aiming at the health problem caused by the composite exposure, the prior art has obvious cutting property and limitation that no mature special material for removing pollutants such as in vivo microplastic exists at present, the existing microplastic removing material is developed aiming at an in vitro simulation environment of a single water phase, an oil-water mixed system in actual diet is not adapted, the effect efficiency of the material in a complex static/dynamic digestion physiological environment in vivo is completely unknown, the biological safety risk exists, the integrated synergy of microplastic removal and metabolism regulation cannot be realized, the means for metabolism regulation mainly uses chemical drug intervention, the problems of large side effect and easy drug resistance in long-term use are solved, metabolic indexes can only be regulated for symptoms, the metabolic disorder problem caused by the composite exposure of the microplastic and high grease can not be radically solved, and the simultaneous treatment of principal and subordinate symptoms is difficult to realize. Therefore, the oral biomass polymer material which can adapt to an oil-water mixed system, endure in-vivo static/dynamic digestion environment, has the dual functions of efficient in-vivo microplastic removal and metabolism regulation, has high biological safety and simple preparation process is developed, becomes a key for solving the health problem caused by the composite exposure of the microplastic and the high grease, and is also a core requirement for promoting the industrialized application of the biomass polymer material in the biomedical field. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problems that the existing microplastic removing material is only suitable for in-vitro simulation environment of a single water phase, is not suitable for a meal-related oil-water mixing system, does not have mature materials, can simultaneously meet the requirements of high efficiency, digestion environment tolerance and high biosafety of in-vivo microplastic removing, and metabolic regulation means are difficult to solve metabolic disorder induced by the composite exposure of the microplastic and high grease, the invention provides biomass fiber aerogel for in-vivo pollutant removal synergistic metabolic regulation and control, and a preparation method and application thereof. Accordingly, in a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides an aerogel. According to an embodiment of the invention, the aerogel comprises nanoparticles and biomass fibers, wherein the nanoparticles are arranged on the surface of the biomass fibers, the nanoparticles comprise shellac, and the biomass fibers comprise chitin. The aerogel provided by the invention has the roughened surface of micro-nano particles, enriches exposed active functional groups and has excellent amphiphilic interfaces, can be adapted to oil-water mixed systems with different grease types and different grease concentrations, and can maintain structural stability and high-efficiency adsorption performance in a complex static/dynamic digestion environm