Search

CN-121987987-A - Energy storage three-stage fire-fighting response system and method based on warm smoke linkage

CN121987987ACN 121987987 ACN121987987 ACN 121987987ACN-121987987-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage and fire control, and discloses an energy storage three-stage fire control response system and method based on warm smoke linkage, wherein the energy storage three-stage fire control response method based on warm smoke linkage comprises the steps of collecting operation data of an energy storage system in real time, and respectively establishing and updating corresponding gas concentration baselines, temperature baselines and smoke baselines for different operation conditions; calculating a precursor gas index, a temperature trend energy and a smoke abnormality index, and calculating a gas information modulation factor; the method comprises the steps of calculating comprehensive risk quantity, carrying out three-level response judgment and action, calculating risk attenuation rate, and carrying out self-correction, wherein continuous coverage from early symptoms to emergency treatment of thermal runaway of an energy storage system is realized through linkage fusion of temperature, smoke and premonitory gases, risks can be identified in advance in a window period in which traditional temperature smoke information is not obvious, and the unified comprehensive risk quantity is taken as a judgment basis, so that missing report and false report of a single sensing quantity threshold value are reduced, and timeliness and consistency of early warning are improved.

Inventors

  • ZHAO RONG
  • ZHOU YUAN
  • GAN JUNHAO
  • LIANG FUXIONG

Assignees

  • 湖南西来客储能科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260410

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The energy storage three-stage fire control response method based on warm smoke linkage is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Collecting operation data of the energy storage system in real time, identifying the operation working condition of the current energy storage system according to the operation data, and respectively establishing and updating a corresponding gas concentration baseline, a temperature baseline and a smoke baseline for different operation working conditions; Based on a gas concentration baseline, a temperature baseline and a smoke baseline corresponding to the current working condition, respectively calculating a precursor gas index, a temperature trend energy and a smoke abnormality index, identifying whether the energy storage system is in a strong intervention thermal management state, and calculating a gas information modulation factor; the precursor gas index, the temperature trend energy, the smoke abnormality index and the gas information modulation factor are synthesized, and the comprehensive risk amount is calculated; Performing three-level response judgment and action according to a comparison result of the comprehensive risk quantity and a preset risk threshold value, performing power limiting and cooling capacity lifting actions when triggering a primary pre-control response, performing electric isolation and fire protection system to-be-sprayed actions when triggering a secondary pressing preparation response, and performing fire protection spraying and global safety actions when triggering a three-level emergency bottom-covering response; And after the action is executed, entering an evaluation time window, calculating a risk attenuation rate, when the risk attenuation rate in a plurality of evaluation time windows with continuous preset deviation correction judging times is smaller than a preset minimum effective attenuation rate, improving a response level, and when the risk attenuation rate is larger than or equal to a preset quick recovery attenuation rate and the comprehensive risk amount is smaller than a preset first risk threshold, reducing the response level until normal monitoring is restored.
  2. 2. The warm smoke linkage-based energy storage three-stage fire control response method according to claim 1, wherein the steps of respectively establishing and updating the corresponding gas concentration baseline, the temperature baseline and the smoke baseline for different operation conditions comprise: the operation data comprises charging and discharging power, temperature of each monitoring point, temperature change rate of each monitoring point, state of charge, environment temperature and operation parameters of a cooling system; The working conditions comprise a standby state, a low-power charging state, a low-power discharging state, a high-power charging state, a high-power discharging state, a forced cooling state and an equilibrium maintenance state; Identifying a steady-state time segment meeting a low fluctuation condition, and establishing or updating a sensing quantity base line for the current working condition state in the steady-state time segment, wherein the sensing quantity base line comprises a gas concentration base line, a temperature base line and a smoke base line, the gas concentration base line comprises a gas concentration base line mean value and a gas concentration base line standard deviation, the temperature base line comprises a temperature base line mean value and a temperature base line standard deviation, and the smoke base line comprises a smoke base line mean value and a smoke base line standard deviation; When the operation working conditions of the energy storage system are switched, the current working condition state is identified and a sensing quantity baseline corresponding to the working condition is called; and monitoring the sensor drift condition in real time, and slowly updating the sensor baseline by adopting an exponential weighted moving average method when the long-term mean shift of the sensor exceeds a preset drift threshold value.
  3. 3. The energy storage three-stage fire control response method based on warm smoke linkage according to claim 2, wherein the gas concentration baseline average value is an arithmetic average value of gas concentration values of all sampling points in a steady-state time segment, and the gas concentration baseline standard deviation is a discrete degree measurement of the gas concentration values of all sampling points in the steady-state time segment relative to the gas concentration baseline average value; The temperature baseline average value is an arithmetic average value of temperature values of all sampling moments of the monitoring point in the steady-state time segment, and the temperature baseline standard deviation is a discrete degree measurement of the temperature values of all the sampling moments of the monitoring point relative to the temperature baseline average value in the steady-state time segment; The smoke baseline average value is an arithmetic average value of smoke concentration values of all sampling points in a steady-state time segment, and the smoke baseline standard deviation is a discrete degree measurement of the smoke concentration values of all the sampling points in the steady-state time segment relative to the smoke baseline average value; The low fluctuation condition is that the fluctuation amplitude of charge and discharge power is smaller than a preset power fluctuation threshold value, the maximum absolute value of the temperature change rate of all monitoring points is smaller than a preset temperature change rate threshold value, the state of charge change quantity of the energy storage system is smaller than a preset state of charge change threshold value, the ambient temperature change quantity is smaller than a preset ambient temperature change threshold value, and the duration of the steady-state time segment is not smaller than the preset minimum steady-state duration.
  4. 4. The warm-smoke linkage-based energy storage three-stage fire control response method according to claim 1, wherein the steps of calculating a precursor gas index, a temperature trend energy and a smoke abnormality index respectively, identifying whether the energy storage system is in a strong intervention thermal management state, and calculating a gas information modulation factor comprise: Calculating a gas anomaly score and a gas concentration standardized rising rate based on a gas concentration baseline corresponding to the current working condition, and constructing a precursor gas index, wherein the precursor gas index is a limiting anomaly score term plus a limiting gas concentration term, the limiting anomaly score term is the limiting treated gas anomaly score multiplied by a first preset weight coefficient, and the limiting gas concentration term is the limiting treated gas concentration standardized rising rate multiplied by a second preset weight coefficient; Calculating the temperature deviation score and the temperature change rate score of each monitoring point based on a temperature baseline corresponding to the current working condition, respectively carrying out index moving average treatment on the temperature deviation score and the temperature change rate score of each monitoring point, respectively taking the maximum value of the temperature deviation score and the maximum value of the temperature change rate score of all the monitoring points after the index moving average treatment, respectively carrying out amplitude limiting treatment on the maximum value and the maximum value of the temperature change rate score, and then adding the maximum value and the maximum value to obtain the temperature trend energy; If the energy storage system is configured with a smoke detector, subtracting a smoke baseline average value from the smoke concentration at the current moment, dividing the smoke concentration by an effective smoke baseline standard deviation, and performing amplitude limiting treatment on the obtained quotient to obtain a smoke abnormality index, wherein the effective smoke baseline standard deviation is a larger value of the smoke baseline standard deviation and a preset smoke standard deviation lower limit; Judging whether the energy storage system is in a strong intervention heat management state, judging whether smoke abnormality exists at present, calculating a gas information modulation factor based on a judging result, wherein the value of the gas information modulation factor is 1 when the system is in the strong intervention heat management state and no smoke abnormality exists, and is a gas weight weakening coefficient under a preset atypical scene when the system is in a non-strong intervention heat management state or the smoke abnormality exists.
  5. 5. The energy storage three-stage fire control response method based on warm smoke linkage according to claim 4 is characterized in that the calculation method of the gas anomaly score comprises the steps of subtracting a gas concentration baseline mean value from the gas concentration at the current moment and dividing the gas concentration baseline mean value by an effective gas concentration baseline standard deviation, wherein the effective gas concentration baseline standard deviation is a larger value of the gas concentration baseline standard deviation and a preset gas standard deviation lower limit; The method for calculating the gas concentration standardized rising rate comprises the steps of firstly calculating a gas concentration multipoint regression slope between the current moment and a plurality of previous sampling moments to obtain a gas concentration change rate, then taking a larger value of the gas concentration change rate and zero to obtain a gas concentration forward change rate, and finally dividing the gas concentration forward change rate by an effective gas concentration baseline standard deviation to obtain the gas concentration standardized rising rate; Subtracting the temperature baseline mean value of the monitoring point from the temperature of the monitoring point at the current moment, dividing the temperature baseline mean value by an effective temperature baseline standard deviation to obtain an effective quotient, and finally taking the larger value of the effective quotient and zero as the temperature deviation fraction, wherein the effective temperature baseline standard deviation is the larger value of the temperature baseline standard deviation of the monitoring point and the preset temperature standard deviation lower limit; The calculation method of the temperature change rate fraction comprises the steps of firstly calculating the temperature change rate of the monitoring point, then taking the larger value of the temperature change rate and zero to obtain the forward temperature change rate, and finally dividing the forward temperature change rate by the effective temperature baseline standard deviation to obtain the temperature change rate fraction.
  6. 6. The warm smoke linkage-based energy storage three-stage fire control response method according to claim 4, wherein the recognition of the strong intervention thermal management state at least comprises one of a ratio of the actual running power to the rated power of the cooling system being greater than or equal to a preset cooling power strong intervention judgment ratio, a ratio of the actual flow of the cooling liquid to the rated flow being greater than or equal to a preset cooling flow strong intervention judgment ratio, an inlet-outlet temperature difference of the cooling system being greater than or equal to a preset strong intervention temperature difference judgment threshold value, an emergency power reduction instruction being executed by the system, or a forced air exhaust system being started; the recognition basis of the abnormal state of the smoke is that the abnormal index of the smoke is larger than a preset abnormal judgment threshold value of the smoke.
  7. 7. The energy storage three-stage fire control response method based on warm smoke linkage according to claim 1, wherein the calculation method of the comprehensive risk amount is the sum of a gas item, a temperature item and a smoke item, wherein the gas item is the product of a gas information modulation factor, a precursor gas index and a preset gas information fusion weight coefficient, the temperature item is the temperature trend energy multiplied by the preset temperature information fusion weight coefficient, and the smoke item is the smoke abnormality index multiplied by the preset smoke information fusion weight coefficient.
  8. 8. The energy storage three-level fire control response method based on warm smoke linkage according to claim 7, wherein the preset risk threshold comprises a preset first risk threshold, a preset second risk threshold and a preset third risk threshold, and the preset first risk threshold is smaller than the preset second risk threshold, the preset second risk threshold is smaller than the preset third risk threshold and the risk thresholds are all larger than zero; The first-level pre-control triggering condition is that a first-level pre-control response is triggered when the comprehensive risk amount is greater than or equal to a preset first risk threshold value; The secondary pressing preparation triggering condition is that a secondary pressing preparation response is triggered when the comprehensive risk amount is greater than or equal to a preset second risk threshold value; The third-level emergent bottom-covering triggering condition is that when the comprehensive risk amount is greater than or equal to a preset third risk threshold, or the temperature of any monitoring point is greater than or equal to a preset temperature direct triggering threshold, or the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to a preset smoke direct triggering threshold, a third-level emergent bottom-covering response is triggered.
  9. 9. The energy storage three-stage fire control response method based on warm smoke linkage according to claim 1, wherein when the primary pre-control response is triggered, the charge and discharge power of an energy storage system is limited or a high-voltage loop is cut off, the cooling system capacity is improved to a safe upper limit, but fire control spraying is not started, the data acquisition frequency is improved, and suspected abnormal bin points are locked; When triggering a secondary suppression preparation response, performing electric isolation on suspected abnormal bin points, controlling a fire protection system to enter a to-be-sprayed state, triggering a higher-level acousto-optic alarm, continuously monitoring the change trend of the comprehensive risk quantity, the growth rate of a precursor gas index and the abnormal degree of temperature and smoke in an observation decision window, maintaining a secondary response and preparing to upgrade to a tertiary response if the comprehensive risk quantity continuously rises or keeps high in the observation decision window, and automatically degrading to the primary response or recovering to normal monitoring if the comprehensive risk quantity rapidly falls back in the observation decision window and no abnormal rise occurs in the temperature and smoke; When triggering a three-level emergency bottom covering response, starting fire-fighting spraying or fire extinguishing medium injection according to a preset strategy and performing pumping pressure control, synchronously executing global safety actions including power-off isolation, air exhaust linkage and decompression valve opening, and recording complete event data for analysis of a post-processing complex plate.
  10. 10. The energy storage three-stage fire control response system based on warm smoke linkage is characterized by being used for storing computer readable instructions, and executing the energy storage three-stage fire control response method based on warm smoke linkage according to any one of claims 1-9 when the computer readable instructions are read, wherein the system comprises: The baseline management module is used for collecting the operation data of the energy storage system in real time, identifying the operation working condition of the current energy storage system according to the operation data, and respectively establishing and updating a corresponding gas concentration baseline, a temperature baseline and a smoke baseline for different operation working conditions; The risk assessment module is used for respectively calculating a precursor gas index, a temperature trend energy and a smoke abnormality index based on a gas concentration baseline, a temperature baseline and a smoke baseline corresponding to the current working condition, identifying whether the energy storage system is in a strong intervention thermal management state and calculating a gas information modulation factor; The risk calculation module is used for integrating the premonitory gas index, the temperature trend energy, the smoke abnormality index and the gas information modulation factor to calculate the comprehensive risk; The grading response module is used for carrying out three-level response judgment and executing actions according to the comparison result of the comprehensive risk quantity and a preset risk threshold value, executing power limiting and cooling capacity lifting actions when triggering a primary pre-control response, executing electric isolation and fire protection system to-be-sprayed actions when triggering a secondary pressing preparation response, and executing fire protection spraying and global safety actions when triggering a tertiary emergency bottom covering response; The closed loop verification module is used for entering an evaluation time window after the action is executed, calculating the risk attenuation rate, improving the response level when the risk attenuation rate in a plurality of evaluation time windows with continuously preset deviation correcting judging times is smaller than a preset minimum effective attenuation rate, and reducing the response level until normal monitoring is restored when the risk attenuation rate is larger than or equal to a preset quick recovery attenuation rate and the comprehensive risk amount is smaller than a preset first risk threshold value.

Description

Energy storage three-stage fire-fighting response system and method based on warm smoke linkage Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage and fire control, in particular to an energy storage three-stage fire control response system and method based on warm smoke linkage. Background With the development of new energy technology, the lithium ion battery energy storage system is widely applied to a plurality of scenes such as peak regulation and frequency modulation of a power grid, industrial and commercial energy storage and the like by virtue of the advantages of high energy density, high response speed and the like, and adopts a container type or cabinet type structure, and is matched with a battery management system, a thermal management system and a fire protection safety system. The energy storage system is subjected to risks such as electrochemical side reaction and short circuit in the charging and discharging process, thermal runaway is easy to cause, and safety accidents such as fire explosion are further caused. The prior Chinese patent with the bulletin number of CN116758712B discloses a fire-fighting response control method and a fire-fighting response control system for a lithium battery energy storage box. Acquiring battery compartment layout information of a lithium battery energy storage box, reading data of the lithium battery energy storage box to obtain real-time control data, arranging a temperature acquisition device through the battery compartment layout information, obtaining a temperature data acquisition result, acquiring historical detection data with time sequence identifiers, constructing a lithium battery characteristic data set of the lithium battery energy storage box, constructing an abnormality monitoring model, outputting abnormality early warning grade information, generating multi-stage fire control response control data, and managing the lithium battery energy storage box. However, in practical applications, thermal runaway evolution of energy storage systems often has a stepwise feature. Particularly in early thermal runaway, obvious side reactions and combustible and toxic gases can be generated in the battery cell, but because the heat management device is generally configured in the energy storage system at the present stage, part of the system adopts a liquid cooling and other efficient heat dissipation modes, so that the surface of the battery cell or the environmental temperature of a battery compartment is continuously pressed in a relatively low range, the obvious characteristic of abnormal temperature is caused to present hysteresis, and visible smoke does not necessarily appear immediately, and in the early smokeless, low-temperature but gas stage of thermal runaway, the triggering advance is insufficient, so that the early identification of the risk of the energy storage system and the timely starting of the grading response are difficult to realize in the prior art. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an energy storage three-stage fire control response system and method based on warm smoke linkage for solving the problems. The invention provides an energy storage three-stage fire control response method based on warm smoke linkage, which comprises the following steps: Collecting operation data of the energy storage system in real time, identifying the operation working condition of the current energy storage system according to the operation data, and respectively establishing and updating a corresponding gas concentration baseline, a temperature baseline and a smoke baseline for different operation working conditions; Based on a gas concentration baseline, a temperature baseline and a smoke baseline corresponding to the current working condition, respectively calculating a precursor gas index, a temperature trend energy and a smoke abnormality index, identifying whether the energy storage system is in a strong intervention thermal management state, and calculating a gas information modulation factor; the precursor gas index, the temperature trend energy, the smoke abnormality index and the gas information modulation factor are synthesized, and the comprehensive risk amount is calculated; Performing three-level response judgment and action according to a comparison result of the comprehensive risk quantity and a preset risk threshold value, performing power limiting and cooling capacity lifting actions when triggering a primary pre-control response, performing electric isolation and fire protection system to-be-sprayed actions when triggering a secondary pressing preparation response, and performing fire protection spraying and global safety actions when triggering a three-level emergency bottom-covering response; And after the action is executed, entering an evaluation time window, calculating a risk attenuation rate, when the risk attenuation rate in a plurality of evaluation time windows with continuou