CN-121988073-A - Portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being mutually converted

CN121988073ACN 121988073 ACN121988073 ACN 121988073ACN-121988073-A

Abstract

The utility model provides a portable heterogeneous oil-water separation experimental apparatus of interchangeable, the lower part of lower separation casing is provided with first interface, opposite side upper end with first interface is provided with the second interface, the last port of lower separation casing is the slope mouth, the last matching of last port of lower separation casing is provided with the separation casing, the last port department of lower separation casing is provided with down the filter, the lower port department of going up the separation casing is provided with the filter, be provided with the water oil separation complex film between filter and the lower filter, the water oil separation complex film is that the upper surface is the hydrophobic face, the lower surface is that the hydrophilic face or upper and lower surface are all hydrophilic face, the upper end of going up the separation casing is provided with the third interface. The invention realizes the separation requirement of light oil-water and heavy oil-water systems by the forward and reverse installation switching of the oil-water separation composite membrane or the forward or reverse switching of the whole device, thoroughly solves the limitation that the traditional device can only aim at single oil phase separation, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation.

Inventors

DING JIJUN
LONG SHANGTENG
QU YONGFENG
CHEN HAIXIA
LI HUIDONG
Ren Boquan
LI FENGHENG

Assignees

西安石油大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260209

Claims (10)

1. The portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being converted mutually is characterized in that a first interface (5) is arranged at the lower part of a lower separation shell (2), a second interface (6) is arranged at the upper end of the other side opposite to the first interface (5), an upper port of the lower separation shell (2) is an inclined port, an upper separation shell (1) is arranged on the upper port of the lower separation shell (2) in a matched mode, a lower filter plate (10) is arranged at the upper port of the lower separation shell (2), an upper filter plate (9) is arranged at the lower port of the upper separation shell (1), an oil-water separation composite membrane (11) is arranged between the upper filter plate (9) and the lower filter plate (10), the upper surface of the oil-water separation composite membrane (11) is a hydrophobic surface, the lower surface of the oil-water separation composite membrane is a hydrophilic surface, or the upper surface and the lower surface of the oil-water composite membrane are hydrophilic surfaces, and a third interface (7) is arranged at the upper end of the upper separation shell (1).
2. The portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being converted into each other according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the lower separation shell (2) is provided with a flexible heating film (8).
3. The interconvertible portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device of claim 2, wherein the flexible heating film (8) is a graphene flexible electrothermal film.
4. The portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being converted into each other according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle of the inclined opening is 30-60 degrees.
5. The portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being converted with each other according to claim 1, wherein the water contact angle of the hydrophilic surface is 0-40 degrees, the underwater oil contact angle is 140-170 degrees, the water contact angle of the hydrophobic surface is 110-170 degrees, and the oil contact angle is 0-20 degrees.
6. The portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being mutually converted according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the oil-water separation composite membrane (11) is composed of a polyvinylidene fluoride and polydopamine composite hydrophilic layer, a metal mesh layer and a cerium oxide hydrophobic layer in sequence, the metal mesh layer is made of copper or titanium or stainless steel, and the mesh number is 100-300.
7. The portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being mutually converted according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the oil-water separation composite membrane (11) is composed of a polydopamine hydrophilic layer, a cotton cloth layer and a polyvinylidene fluoride hydrophobic layer in sequence.
8. The portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being mutually converted according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the oil-water separation composite membrane (11) is composed of a polyvinylidene fluoride and polydopamine composite hydrophilic layer and a metal mesh layer in sequence, the metal mesh layer is made of copper or titanium or stainless steel, and the mesh number is 100-300 meshes.
9. The portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being mutually converted according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the oil-water separation composite membrane (11) is formed by sequentially connecting a polydopamine hydrophilic layer and a cotton cloth layer.
10. The portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being mutually converted according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the oil-water separation composite membrane (11) is as follows: step 1, taking a 300-mesh red copper net as a substrate, and preparing copper oxide nanoneedles on the surface of the red copper net; the method for preparing the copper oxide nanoneedle comprises the following steps: Soaking a copper mesh in dilute hydrochloric acid for 10 min, respectively carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15 min by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, repeating for 3 times, cleaning oxide impurities and organic pollutants on the surface of the copper mesh, and then carrying out vacuum drying for 12-h at 60-80 ℃ to finish pretreatment of the copper mesh; Adding a sodium hydroxide sheet into deionized water, stirring for 10-20 min, cooling the beaker, adding potassium persulfate powder, stirring for 10-20 min, preparing a precursor solution, wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to potassium persulfate is 3-4:1, placing a pretreated copper mesh into the precursor solution, reacting at room temperature for 15 min to enable copper oxide nanoneedles to grow on the surface of the copper mesh, repeatedly flushing residual liquid and impurities on the surface of the copper mesh with deionized water, placing the copper mesh with the copper oxide nanoneedles in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ for 3 h to obtain a blue product attached to the copper mesh; Placing the dried copper mesh in a muffle furnace for calcining at 130-150 ℃ for 50 min to obtain a black product to be attached to the copper mesh; Step 2, adding polyvinylidene fluoride powder and polyvinylpyrrolidone powder into an N, N-dimethylformamide solvent according to the mass ratio of 2-3:1:25-30, vigorously stirring at 65-75 ℃ for 5 h to form a transparent solution, uniformly spraying the transparent solution on the surface of a copper mesh through an air pump and a spray pen, transferring a copper mesh sprayed with the polyvinylidene fluoride and the polyvinylpyrrolidone into a deionized water coagulation bath at 25 ℃ for standing for a period of time, separating the polyvinylpyrrolidone from the polyvinylidene fluoride to form a porous polyvinylidene fluoride film structure, taking out the copper mesh film structure, and drying at 60 ℃ for 6h to obtain a copper mesh coated with the polyvinylidene fluoride; Adding tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane into deionized water, then adjusting the pH value of the solution to 8-8.5 by using 0.1 mol/L HCl, adding dopamine hydrochloride, adding a copper mesh coated with polyvinylidene fluoride for soaking 12 h when the solution starts to change color, depositing polydopamine onto the polyvinylidene fluoride for hydrophilic modification, and removing redundant polydopamine by using deionized water, wherein the mass ratio of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, dopamine hydrochloride and water is 6-7:7-8:5000, and then drying for 6 hours at 40-60 ℃ to obtain the copper mesh with hydrophilicity; Step 4, preparing a hydrophobic spraying solution, spraying the hydrophobic spraying solution on one side surface of the copper mesh prepared in the step 3, and drying the copper mesh in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 2h to obtain a hydrophobic side surface, thereby completing the preparation of the oil-water separation composite membrane (11); The preparation method of the hydrophobic spraying solution comprises the steps of weighing cerium oxide particles and octadecylamine particles, adding the cerium oxide particles and the octadecylamine particles into absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the cerium oxide particles and the octadecylamine particles for 20 min, adding epoxy resin and a curing agent, mixing the two solutions, heating and stirring at room temperature until a uniform solution is formed as the spraying solution, wherein the mass ratio of cerium oxide to octadecylamine to absolute ethyl alcohol is 2:1:50-55, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 3-4:1.

Description

Portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being mutually converted Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation equipment, and particularly relates to a portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being mutually converted. Background Along with the continuous promotion of global industrialization and urban process, the scale of industries such as petroleum exploitation, refining processing, mechanical manufacturing, food production and the like is continuously enlarged, the discharge amount of oily wastewater is in a remarkable growth situation, and the discharge amount of oily wastewater becomes a key problem for threatening the balance of a water ecological system and restricting the green development of the industries. The oily wastewater has complex and various components, not only comprises oil phases with different properties (such as light oil with density less than water, heavy oil with density greater than water and mixed oil phase in which the light oil and the heavy oil coexist), but also forms an oil-water system with strong stability and high separation difficulty due to the emulsification of the added surfactant, alkaline substances or grease under partial scenes, thereby bringing serious challenges to the traditional treatment technology. At present, an oil-water separation device forms various technical routes, for example, a technical scheme based on solid particle adsorption-cyclone separation disclosed in CN 121177804A is used for realizing separation by forming an adherend through special solid particles and an oil phase, so that the problem that a traditional air floatation separation medium cannot be circulated is solved, but the device relies on a particle throwing and recycling system, has a relatively complex structure and is insufficient in separation adaptability for a light and heavy oil mixing system, and the multi-unit serial/parallel separation system proposed by CN 121177805A can switch separation paths through valve control to meet the requirements of different treatment scales, but consists of a plurality of separation units, a buffer tank, a membrane filter and other parts, has huge volume and poor portability, and is difficult to adapt to mobile scenes such as field emergency treatment, experimental research and the like. Besides, the prior art has obvious functional limitations that most separation devices can only aim at single oil phase (either adapting light oil-water separation or adapting heavy oil-water separation), lack compatibility of light oil, heavy oil and light and heavy mixed oil and water systems, can finish separation operation under various working conditions only by replacing different equipment or core parts, and are complex in operation and low in efficiency. Therefore, the research and development of the device which has simple structure and strong portability and can realize the mutual conversion and separation of light oil-water, heavy oil-water and light and heavy mixed oil-water systems becomes an urgent requirement for solving the current oily wastewater treatment pain point and expanding the application scene of the oil-water separation technology. Disclosure of Invention The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device which has a simple structure and is capable of mutually converting in a normal-reverse two-way cooperative working mode. The technical scheme includes that the portable multiphase oil-water separation experimental device capable of being mutually converted is characterized in that a first interface is arranged at the lower portion of a lower separation shell, a second interface is arranged at the upper end of the other side opposite to the first interface, an upper port of the lower separation shell is an inclined port, an upper separation shell is arranged on the upper port of the lower separation shell in a matched mode, a lower filter plate is arranged at the upper port of the lower separation shell, an upper filter plate is arranged at the lower port of the upper separation shell, an oil-water separation composite membrane is arranged between the upper filter plate and the lower filter plate, the oil-water separation composite membrane is a water-repellent surface, the lower surface is a water-repellent surface or the upper surface and the lower surface are all water-repellent surfaces, and a third interface is arranged at the upper end of the upper separation shell. As a preferable technical scheme, the outer surface of the lower separation shell is provided with a flexible heating film. As a preferable technical scheme, the flexible heating film is a graphene flexible electrothermal film. As a preferable technical scheme, the inclination angle of the inclined opening is 30-60 degrees. As a preferable tech