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CN-121988102-A - Combined type dust collector is used in casting exhaust-gas treatment

CN121988102ACN 121988102 ACN121988102 ACN 121988102ACN-121988102-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of industrial waste gas treatment equipment and discloses a composite dust removing device for casting waste gas treatment, which comprises an outer shell, wherein a partition plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer shell, a cavity of the outer shell is partitioned into a dust-containing air chamber at the lower part and a clean air chamber at the upper part by the partition plate, a through hole is formed in the center of the partition plate, a dynamic filtering rotor unit is coaxially hung at the through hole, a driving unit is arranged at the top of the outer shell and used for driving the dynamic filtering rotor unit to rotate, the dynamic filtering rotor unit comprises a main driving turntable, the upper part of the main driving turntable is penetrated and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through hole, and a vent hole for communicating the dust-containing air chamber with the clean air chamber is formed in a disc body of the main driving turntable. Through the topological deformation characteristic of the metal woven filter cylinder, the structural integrity of the viscous filter cake can be directly damaged, so that the viscous filter cake is broken and loosened, and even moist or oily stubborn dust can be effectively removed by matching with the air explosion blowback.

Inventors

  • ZHANG QI
  • ZHANG SHANWU

Assignees

  • 日照东昌铸业股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260317

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a casting is combined type dust collector for exhaust treatment, includes shell body (1), its characterized in that, upper portion fixedly connected with division board (2) in shell body (1), division board (2) divide into dust-laden air chamber (101) and upper portion air-purifying chamber (102) of lower part with shell body (1) inner chamber, through-hole (201) have been seted up at division board (2) center, through-hole (201) department coaxial suspension has dynamic filtration rotor unit (3), shell body (1) top is provided with drive unit (4), and it is used for driving dynamic filtration rotor unit (3) rotation; The dynamic filtering rotor unit (3) comprises a main driving turntable (301), wherein the upper part of the main driving turntable (301) is penetrated and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through hole (201), an air hole (302) for communicating the dust-containing air chamber (101) with the air purifying chamber (102) is formed in the disk body of the main driving turntable (301), a centrifugal self-locking start-stop valve assembly (303) is further arranged on the disk body of the main driving turntable (301) and used for controlling the opening and closing of the air hole (302), an inner squeezing core (304) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the main driving turntable (301), a flexible woven filter drum (305) is coaxially sleeved outside the inner squeezing core (304), the top end of the flexible woven filter drum (305) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the main driving turntable (301), and a follow-up inertia ring (306) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the flexible woven filter drum (305); In a constant-speed filtering mode, the centrifugal self-locking start-stop valve assembly (303) is in an opening state, an annular self-pumping air cavity (307) is formed between the inner wall of the flexible woven filter cylinder (305) and the outer wall of the built-in extrusion core (304), in a rapid deceleration ash removal mode, the centrifugal self-locking start-stop valve assembly (303) utilizes centrifugal force to attenuate an automatic closed ventilation hole (302), and meanwhile, the flexible woven filter cylinder (305) utilizes inertia hysteresis generated by a follow-up inertia ring (306) to generate relative torsion and radial contraction, so that closed gas in the annular self-pumping air cavity (307) is extruded, and the gas is forced to reversely pass through meshes of the flexible woven filter cylinder (305).
  2. 2. The composite dust collector for treating casting waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal self-locking start-stop valve assembly (303) comprises a radial slideway (3031) which is arranged on the upper surface of the main driving turntable (301) and extends to the position of the ventilation hole (302), a blocking slide block (3032) is connected in a sliding manner in the radial slideway (3031), a reset mechanism (3033) is arranged between the blocking slide block (3032) and the radial slideway (3031) and is used for applying a reset thrust force directed to the center of the main driving turntable (301) to the blocking slide block (3032), when the rotating speed of the main driving turntable (301) is higher than a set threshold value, the blocking slide block (3032) slides outwards under the action of the reset thrust force to open the ventilation hole (302), and when the rotating speed of the main driving turntable (301) is lower than the set threshold value, the blocking slide block (3032) slides inwards under the action of the reset thrust force to cover and close the ventilation hole (302).
  3. 3. The composite dust collector for treating foundry waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the flexible woven filter cylinder (305) is woven from a plurality of wires, has anisotropic topological geometry, and when the upper end and the lower end of the flexible woven filter cylinder (305) generate relative torsion angles, the mesh angle changes to cause the diameter of the cylinder to shrink, and the shrinkage deformation gradually increases from the two ends to the middle part, and takes a form of a single-leaf hyperboloid, thereby volume-compressing the annular self-pumping air chamber (307) in a state of closing the ventilation holes (302).
  4. 4. The composite dust collector for treating casting exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein a guide rod (3041) extending downwards is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the inner extrusion core (304), a shaft sleeve (3061) is arranged at the center of the follow-up inertia ring (306), the shaft sleeve (3061) is sleeved on the guide rod (3041), and a limit stop (3042) for limiting the follow-up inertia ring (306) to deviate from is arranged at the tail end of the guide rod (3041), so that the follow-up inertia ring (306) rotates relative to the inner extrusion core (304) and slides axially.
  5. 5. The composite dust collector for treating casting exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein a bellows-structured telescopic dust-proof shield (308) is connected between the bottom surface of the inner extrusion core (304) and the sleeve (3061), the bottom wall of the sleeve (3061) is fixedly connected with a closed protection sleeve (309) extending downward, the inner diameter of the closed protection sleeve (309) is larger than the diameter of the guide rod (3041), and the axial length thereof is larger than the maximum axial sliding travel of the follow-up inertia ring (306).
  6. 6. The composite dust collector for treating foundry waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the inner displacement core (304) is smaller than the inner diameter of the flexible woven filter cartridge (305) in a steady state rotary filtering state, and the outer surface of the inner displacement core (304) is coated with a low friction wear resistant coating.
  7. 7. The composite dust collector for treating casting waste gas according to claim 1, wherein a tangential air inlet (103) is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the outer shell (1), the tangential air inlet (103) is communicated with the dust-containing air chamber (101) through a volute runner and is used for forming a rotary flow field in the dust-containing air chamber (101), and an inverted cone-shaped dust collecting hopper (104) is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell (1).
  8. 8. The composite dust collector for treating foundry waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit (4) comprises a variable frequency motor and a control system configured to control the variable frequency motor to switch between a constant speed filtration mode and a rapid deceleration ash removal mode.

Description

Combined type dust collector is used in casting exhaust-gas treatment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of industrial waste gas treatment equipment, in particular to a composite dust removal device for treating casting waste gas. Background In the production process of the modern foundry industry, a large amount of waste gas with complex components is generated along with the links of sand mould manufacturing, metal smelting and shakeout cleaning. The exhaust gas is essentially different from common normal-temperature industrial dust, and not only carries silica sand particles and metal powder with high abrasion, but also is often mixed with incompletely combusted organic binder volatile matters, oil mist and high-temperature splashed sparks. The physical characteristics of the wet, hot and sticky three-phase mixture lead the traditional dry type filtering and dedusting technology to face serious test. Currently, the main solution mostly adopts a bag type dust collector or a filter cartridge dust collector, and the core logic of the main solution is to utilize a fiber medium to passively intercept particles, and then to clean surface area ash through back blowing of external compressed air pulses. However, this type of ash removal based on purely pneumatic impact is not attractive in the face of the viscous constituents that are prevalent in foundry exhaust. Because of the existence of the organic binder and the oil mist, the dust is easy to form a compact filter cake with extremely strong adhesive force on the surface of the filter material, and the strong adhesive force between the dust and the filter material is difficult to overcome by simple air flow back blowing, so that the phenomenon of 'dust cleaning is not clean' is frequently generated. With the lapse of operation time, the residual viscous filter cake can harden gradually and deeply block meshes, so that the operation resistance of equipment rises sharply, and the production line is forced to be stopped frequently to replace expensive filter elements, so that the operation cost is increased, and the continuity of casting productivity is restricted more seriously. Even more troublesome, the dependency of the traditional dust removal system on external auxiliary facilities is too high, and the system architecture is too bulky. In order to maintain the pulse blowing function, the plant must be equipped with high energy consumption air compression stations and a stringent dry clean system to prevent moisture in the blowback gas from further exacerbating dust hardening. Meanwhile, the complicated electromagnetic valve array and the air path pipeline have high fault rate and huge maintenance workload under the high-temperature, dusty and strong electromagnetic interference environment of a foundry. In addition, conventional statically arranged filter bags lack a mechanism for actively defending high-temperature sparks, and once a front spark catcher fails, red hot particles directly contact an organic fiber filter material, so that a combustion accident of a fever bag and even equipment is easily caused. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a composite dust collector for treating casting waste gas, which solves the technical problems of low dust removal efficiency and easy blockage and failure of a filter cylinder caused by strong adhesive force of a viscous filter cake on the surface of a filter material when the traditional dust collector is used for treating wet, hot and viscous three-phase mixed waste gas in a casting workshop. Meanwhile, the invention overcomes the excessive dependence of the prior art on an external compressed air source and a complex air path control system, eliminates the potential safety hazard of directly ablating the static filter material by high-temperature sparks, and realizes the collaborative operation of high-efficiency centrifugal separation, powerful mechanical shearing ash removal and self-pressurizing pulse back blowing by only one rotary mechanical energy under the condition of no external intervention. The composite dust collector for treating casting waste gas comprises an outer shell, wherein the upper part of the outer shell is fixedly connected with a partition plate, the inner cavity of the outer shell is divided into a dust-containing air chamber at the lower part and a clean air chamber at the upper part by the partition plate, the center of the partition plate is provided with a through hole, a dynamic filter rotor unit is coaxially hung at the through hole, and the top of the outer shell is provided with a driving unit for driving the dynamic filter rotor unit to rotate; The dynamic filtering rotor unit comprises a main driving turntable, wherein the upper part of the main driving turntable is penetrated and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through hole, a vent hole which is communicated with a dust-containing air c