CN-121988131-A - Carbon trapping system and method with electrodialysis regeneration device

CN121988131ACN 121988131 ACN121988131 ACN 121988131ACN-121988131-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon trapping, sealing and utilization, in particular to a carbon trapping system and method containing an electrodialysis regeneration device. The system comprises an absorption tower, a regeneration tower, a regenerated gas separation and collection device, an electrodialysis regeneration device, a lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, a heat pump heat exchanger, a lean liquid pump and a rich liquid pump, wherein a first inlet of the absorption tower is connected with a flue gas source, a bottom outlet of the absorption tower is connected with a rich liquid pump, a first outlet of the rich liquid pump, the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, the regeneration tower, the heat pump heat exchanger and the regenerated gas separation and collection device are sequentially connected, a second outlet of the rich liquid pump, the electrodialysis regeneration device and the regeneration tower are sequentially connected, and a bottom outlet of the regeneration tower, the lean liquid pump, the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger and the absorption tower are sequentially connected. The invention not only reduces the heat stable salt in the carbon trapping system, but also adopts a method of partial cooling of the rich amine liquid regeneration, reduces the energy consumption of the system, keeps the water balance of the system, and has the characteristics of stable absorption process, low energy consumption of the absorbent regeneration and the like.

Inventors

LIU LONGJIE
LI JUFENG
ZHAO XINGLEI
YE YI
YONG RUISHENG
FAN WENQI
Ning Chenjun
Yang Chuanna
ZHENG JIALE
XUE MING

Assignees

中国石油天然气股份有限公司
中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20241104

Claims (14)

1. A carbon capture system comprising an electrodialysis regeneration device, wherein the system comprises an absorption tower, a regeneration gas separation and collection device, an electrodialysis regeneration device, a lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, a heat pump heat exchanger, a lean liquid pump and a rich liquid pump, The first inlet of the absorption tower is connected with a flue gas source, and the outlet of the bottom of the absorption tower is connected with a rich liquid pump; the first outlet of the rich liquid pump, the inlet of the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, the first outlet of the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, the first inlet of the regeneration tower, the top outlet of the regeneration tower, the first inlet of the heat pump heat exchanger, the first outlet of the heat pump heat exchanger and the inlet of the regenerated gas separation and collection device are sequentially connected; the second outlet of the rich liquid pump, the electrodialysis regeneration device and the second inlet of the regeneration tower are sequentially connected; The bottom outlet of the regeneration tower, the lean solution pump, the lean-rich solution heat exchanger and the second inlet of the absorption tower are sequentially connected.
2. A carbon capture system comprising an electrodialysis regeneration device according to claim 1, The absorption tower is a plate absorption tower or a filler absorption tower.
3. A carbon capture system comprising an electrodialysis regeneration device according to claim 1, The bottom of the regeneration tower is connected with a reboiler and is used for heating the bottom of the regeneration tower.
4. A carbon capture system comprising an electrodialysis regeneration device according to claim 1, The system further comprises a heat pump compressor, a heat pump heater and a throttle valve, One end of the heat pump compressor is connected with the second outlet of the heat pump heat exchanger, the other end of the heat pump compressor is connected with the first end of the heat pump heater, the second end of the heat pump heater is connected with the second inlet of the heat pump heat exchanger through a throttle valve, and the third end of the heat pump heater is connected with the bottom of the regeneration tower.
5. A carbon capture system comprising an electrodialysis regeneration device according to claim 4, The bottom outlet of the regenerated gas separation and collection device is connected with the second inlet of the regeneration tower.
6. A carbon capture system comprising an electrodialysis regeneration device according to claim 1, The electrodialysis regeneration device comprises an electrodialysis membrane stack and electrodes; the electrodialysis membrane stack consists of a cation exchange membrane, a desalting chamber partition board, an anion exchange membrane, an alkali chamber partition board, an anion exchange membrane and a concentrating chamber partition board; the electrodes are positioned at two sides of the electrodialysis membrane stack and are provided with a water distribution plate and a clamping plate.
7. A carbon capture system comprising an electrodialysis regeneration device according to claim 6, The electrodialysis regeneration device also comprises a direct current power supply, The running voltage of the direct current power supply is 0.5V-15V, and the running temperature of the electrodialysis membrane stack is 10-40 ℃.
8. A carbon trapping method comprising an electrodialysis regeneration apparatus, wherein the carbon trapping system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, The flue gas enters the absorption tower from the first inlet of the absorption tower, and rich amine liquid after carbon dioxide is absorbed by the absorbent flows out from the outlet of the bottom of the absorption tower and enters the rich liquid pump; part of rich amine liquid in the rich liquid pump enters the regeneration tower through the inlet of the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, the first outlet of the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger and the first inlet of the regeneration tower to be separated, so as to obtain a first gas phase and a first lean amine liquid; The residual rich amine liquid in the rich liquid pump enters an electrodialysis regeneration device through a second outlet of the rich liquid pump to remove heat stable salt in the part of rich liquid, and the rich amine liquid after heat stable salt removal enters a regeneration tower through a second inlet of the regeneration tower to be separated, so as to obtain a second gas phase and a second lean amine liquid; the first gas phase and the second gas phase enter the regenerated gas separation and collection device through the top outlet of the regenerated gas separation and collection device, the first inlet of the heat pump heat exchanger and the first outlet of the heat pump heat exchanger in sequence to be separated and obtain carbon dioxide and water, the carbon dioxide is discharged and recovered through the top outlet of the regenerated gas separation and collection device, and the water enters the regeneration tower through the bottom outlet of the regenerated gas separation and collection device and the second inlet of the regeneration tower.
9. The method for capturing carbon containing electrodialysis regeneration apparatus according to claim 8, wherein, The first lean amine liquid and the second lean amine liquid are taken as absorbent and sequentially enter the top of the absorption tower through a bottom outlet of the regeneration tower, a lean liquid pump, a lean-rich liquid heat exchanger and a second inlet of the absorption tower in a circulating way.
10. The carbon capture process comprising an electrodialysis regeneration device according to claim 8, wherein the first gas phase and the second gas phase are passed through a heat pump heat exchanger: After heat is recovered by the first gas phase and the second gas phase through the heat pump heat exchanger, the heat is sequentially compressed by the heat pump compressor, the heat pump heater, the throttle valve and the second inlet of the heat pump heat exchanger until the heat enters the heat pump heat exchanger; the heat pump heater receives the heat recovered by the heat pump heat exchanger and heats the regeneration tower.
11. The method for capturing carbon containing electrodialysis regeneration apparatus according to claim 8, wherein, The steam at the heating position of the regeneration tower through the boiler heats the bottom of the regeneration tower through a reboiler.
12. The method for capturing carbon containing electrodialysis regeneration apparatus according to claim 8, wherein, The concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas is 1% -50%, and the flow rate of the flue gas is 0.1-10Nm 3 /h.
13. The method for capturing carbon containing electrodialysis regeneration apparatus according to claim 12, wherein, The absorbent enters the absorption tower from the top of the absorption tower, and the ratio of the flow rate of the absorbent to the flow rate of the flue gas is 0.001-0.1.
14. The method for capturing carbon containing electrodialysis regeneration apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, The components of the absorbent comprise organic amine and water, wherein the mass concentration of the organic amine is 10-50%; the organic amine is selected from one or more of ethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol or piperazine.

Description

Carbon trapping system and method with electrodialysis regeneration device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of carbon trapping, sealing and utilization, in particular to a carbon trapping system and method containing an electrodialysis regeneration device. Background CO 2 capture utilization and sequestration technology (CCUS) is currently one of the most effective means to achieve large-scale carbon abatement. The organic amine absorption method is a common method in a plurality of industrial CO 2 trapping methods, has the advantages of good separation effect, mature and reliable technology and the like, but the stability of the trapping system is influenced by multiple factors such as water balance, heat stable salt and the like. The heat stable salt is mainly generated by chemical degradation, thermal degradation and oxidation reaction of the alcohol amine solution and mainly comprises acetate, formate, oxalate, sulfite, sulfate and the like. The water balance control is a main factor affecting the concentration fluctuation of the absorbent, the concentration can affect the absorption effect of the absorbent, meanwhile, the existence of the heat stable salt can lead to the increase of the viscosity of the absorbent, the bubbling and the flooding of the absorbent, the blockage of equipment such as an absorption tower, a regeneration tower, a heat exchanger and the like, the operation stability is affected, and the protonated amine can be restrained, so that the effective components of the organic amine are reduced, and the absorption efficiency of the amine absorbent is reduced. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a carbon trapping system and a method containing an electrodialysis regeneration device, and in order to reduce heat stable salt in the carbon trapping system, a method of partial cooling of rich amine liquid regeneration is adopted, so that the energy consumption of the system is reduced, and the water balance of the system is maintained. The invention provides the following technical scheme: The invention provides a carbon trapping system with an electrodialysis regeneration device, which comprises an absorption tower, a regeneration gas separation and collection device, an electrodialysis regeneration device, a lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, a heat pump heat exchanger, a lean liquid pump and a rich liquid pump, wherein, The first inlet of the absorption tower is connected with a flue gas source, and the outlet of the bottom of the absorption tower is connected with a rich liquid pump; The first outlet of the rich liquid pump, the inlet of the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, the first outlet of the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, the first inlet of the regeneration tower, the top outlet of the regeneration tower, the first inlet of the heat pump heat exchanger, the first outlet of the heat pump heat exchanger and the inlet of the regenerated gas separation and collection device are sequentially connected; the second outlet of the rich liquid pump, the electrodialysis regeneration device and the second inlet of the regeneration tower are sequentially connected; The bottom outlet of the regeneration tower, the lean solution pump, the lean-rich solution heat exchanger and the second inlet of the absorption tower are sequentially connected. Further, the absorption tower is a plate absorption tower or a filler absorption tower. Further, the bottom of the regeneration tower is connected with a reboiler for heating the bottom of the regeneration tower. Further, the system also comprises a heat pump compressor, a heat pump heater and a throttle valve, One end of the heat pump compressor is connected with the second outlet of the heat pump heat exchanger, the other end of the heat pump compressor is connected with the first end of the heat pump heater, the second end of the heat pump heater is connected with the second inlet of the heat pump heat exchanger through a throttle valve, and the third end of the heat pump heater is connected with the bottom of the regeneration tower. Further, the bottom outlet of the regenerated gas separation and collection device is connected with the second inlet of the regeneration tower. Further, the electrodialysis regeneration device comprises an electrodialysis membrane stack and electrodes; the electrodialysis membrane stack consists of cation exchange membranes, desalination chamber partition boards, anion exchange membranes, alkali chamber partition boards, anion exchange membranes and concentration chamber partition boards in an alternating manner; the electrodes are positioned at two sides of the electrodialysis membrane stack and are provided with a water distribution plate and a clamping plate. Further, the electrodialysis regeneration device also comprises a direct current power supply, The running voltage of the direct current power supply is 0.5V-15V, and the running temperature of t