CN-121988225-A - Multi-shape fertilizer production line and production method thereof

CN121988225ACN 121988225 ACN121988225 ACN 121988225ACN-121988225-A

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-shape fertilizer production line and a production method, the production line comprises a screw extrusion device, a guide pipe, an extrusion molding device and a cooling air dryer. The extrusion device comprises an extrusion roller, wherein extrusion cavities are uniformly distributed on the extrusion roller in the circumferential direction, the extrusion cavities positioned on the same cross section are formed into a group, the extrusion roller is uniformly distributed with a plurality of groups of extrusion cavities along the axis direction, one end of the extrusion cavity is provided with an opening, the other end of the extrusion cavity is provided with an air blowing cavity which can be connected with an air blowing pump, the opening can be aligned with one special-shaped end of the guide tube, the lower side of the cold area air dryer is provided with an inclined conveying device, one end of the inclined conveying device positioned at a high position is connected with the extrusion device, and the other end of the inclined conveying device is connected with a temporary storage device. The technical problem that the existing fertilizer production line cannot produce fertilizer particles with different shapes is solved.

Inventors

WAN JIANHUA
TIAN WENCHENG
YANG CHENG
ZHENG ZHIPENG
TANG CHENGLIN
BAO YUCHAO
QI XIAOYONG
WANG SHUANG

Assignees

华强化工集团股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260331

Claims (10)

1. A multi-shape fertilizer production line is characterized by comprising: the screw extrusion device is characterized in that one end of the screw extrusion device is provided with an extrusion head, and an extrusion outlet is arranged on the extrusion head; One end of the guide tube is round and aligned with the extrusion port, and the other end of the guide tube is special-shaped; the extrusion molding device comprises an extrusion motor and an extrusion roller driven by the extrusion motor, wherein extrusion cavities are uniformly distributed on the extrusion roller in the circumferential direction, a group of extrusion cavities are formed in the same cross section of the extrusion roller, a plurality of groups of extrusion cavities are uniformly distributed on the extrusion roller along the axial direction, one end of each extrusion cavity is provided with an opening, the other end of each extrusion cavity is provided with a blowing cavity, the blowing cavities can be connected with a blowing pump, and the openings can be aligned to the special-shaped end of the guide pipe; The cooling air dryer is characterized in that an inclined conveying device is arranged at the lower side of the cooling air dryer, one end of the inclined conveying device, which is positioned at a high position, is connected with an extrusion molding device, and the other end of the inclined conveying device is connected with a temporary storage device.
2. A multi-shape fertilizer production line as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that said special shape comprises any one of a circle, a triangle, a rectangle and a polygon; the extrusion cavity comprises at least one of a sphere, a prism, a cylinder, a pyramid and a cone, and each extrusion cavity corresponds to one group of extrusion cavities respectively.
3. A multi-shape fertilizer production line as set forth in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an elastic film is arranged between the extrusion cavity and the blowing cavity, and the edge of the elastic film is adhered to the extrusion cavity.
4. A multi-form fertilizer production line as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein said screw extrusion device comprises: The feeding hopper is characterized in that at least 3 discharge holes are formed in the bottom of the feeding hopper, and a partition plate is arranged between every two adjacent discharge holes; each discharge hole is communicated with a single-screw extruder, and all the single-screw extruders are horizontally arranged; the extrusion head is internally provided with extrusion channels which are respectively communicated with each single-screw extruder, the cross section of one end of each extrusion channel far away from the single-screw extruder is fan-shaped, all extrusion channels are round and combined into a whole circle at one end far away from the single-screw extruder, and all extrusion channels are communicated with an extrusion outlet at one end far away from the single-screw extruder.
5. A multi-shape fertilizer production line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the top of the profiled end of the guide tube is provided with a scraping blade, and the scraping blade is pressed on the squeeze roller.
6. A multi-shape fertilizer production line according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extrusion molding device further comprises a bracket and an electric sliding rail arranged on the bracket, a connecting plate is arranged on a sliding block on the electric sliding rail, the extrusion motor and the extrusion roller are both arranged on the connecting plate, a connecting frame is further arranged on one side of the bracket, the connecting frame is connected with the screw extrusion device, and the guide pipe is arranged on the connecting frame.
7. A multi-shape fertilizer production line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a sleeve is further arranged between the extrusion opening and the guide pipe, the sleeve is sleeved on the guide pipe, a bulge is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, which is close to one end of the extrusion opening, and a grooving motor is connected with the sleeve in a transmission manner.
8. A multi-shape fertilizer production line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inclined conveying device comprises a conveying frame and conveying rollers uniformly distributed on the conveying frame, all conveying rollers are covered with a conveying screen, the conveying rollers at the outermost edge are in transmission connection with a conveying motor, and a common waste collecting box is arranged on the lower side of the inclined conveying device and the lower side of the extrusion forming device.
9. A multi-shape fertilizer production line according to claim 8, wherein baffles are arranged on two sides of the transmission screen, a supporting rod is arranged on the transmission frame and positioned on the inner side of the transmission screen, a vibrating motor is arranged on the supporting rod, and the output end of the vibrating motor is tightly attached to the upper surface of the inner side of the transmission screen.
10. A method for producing a multi-shaped fertilizer production line according to claim 4, wherein the multi-shaped fertilizer production line is used, and the method comprises the following steps: s1, preprocessing raw materials, namely crushing, screening and mixing simple-substance fertilizer raw materials according to a proportion; Respectively preprocessing two or more simple substance fertilizer raw materials; S2, extrusion mixing: the two or more simple chemical fertilizer raw materials which are subjected to the step S1 are put into a discharge hole corresponding to the feed hopper according to the proportion of the blended fertilizer which is required to be produced, then enter different single screw extruders for extrusion, finally form a fan-shaped strip through the extrusion channel, and the fan-shaped strip is combined into the blended fertilizer with a circular strip structure at the extrusion hole; S3, extrusion molding, namely moving the bulk blending fertilizer with the round strip structure along the direction of the guide pipe after entering the guide pipe, molding a corresponding special shape at one special-shaped end of the guide pipe, entering the extrusion cavity for secondary molding to form the same shape as the extrusion cavity, and finally rotating the extrusion roller to separate the bulk blending fertilizer in the extrusion cavity from the round strip structure to form granular bulk blending fertilizer; S4, cooling and storing, namely enabling the granular mixed fertilizer in the extrusion cavity to rotate along with the extrusion roller, and enabling the granular mixed fertilizer to be communicated with the blowing cavity communicated with the extrusion cavity when reaching one end far away from the guide pipe, enabling the granular mixed fertilizer to be blown out of the extrusion cavity by the blowing pump, enabling the granular mixed fertilizer to fall into the inclined conveying device, then conveying the granular mixed fertilizer to reach the temporary storage device through the inclined conveying device, and cooling and air-drying the granular mixed fertilizer through a cooling air dryer in the conveying process.

Description

Multi-shape fertilizer production line and production method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, in particular to a multi-shape fertilizer production line and a production method thereof. Background The morphology of the fertilizer granules is an important factor affecting their physical properties, application effect and mechanical suitability. Currently, the shape of fertilizer particles commonly found in agricultural production mainly includes spherical (or nearly spherical) and irregular (e.g., columnar, flaky, polygonal, etc.). The spherical particles are widely applicable to fields such as mechanized broadcast application in fields, simultaneous sowing of seed and fertilizer and the like due to good fluidity, high mechanical strength and difficult caking, and the special-shaped particles are excellent in delamination resistance in the blended fertilizer due to controllable specific surface area, strong inter-particle interlocking property and more suitable for adding thermosensitive functional components (such as microbial agents, pesticides and the like), so that the spherical particles have unique advantages in the fields of precise fertilization, functional fertilizers and high-end sustained and controlled release fertilizers. In the prior art, the forming process of fertilizer granules is mainly divided into wet granulation (such as drum granulation and disc granulation), melt granulation (such as high tower granulation) and dry granulation (such as extrusion granulation). The said process has specific forming mechanism and equipment configuration, and the wet pelletizing and the melt pelletizing depend on the surface tension of material during rolling or free falling to form spherical or near spherical grains, and the dry extruding pelletizing process has mechanical pressure to force the powder to form columnar, flaky or irregular grains. However, due to the substantial differences in equipment structure, operating principles, and process parameters that are relied upon by the different molding processes, existing fertilizer production lines are generally designed and configured for a single shape. Specifically, one production line is dedicated to either spherical particles or special shaped particles of one type, and it is difficult to flexibly switch the product shape according to market demands, crop types or changes of fertilization modes on the same production line. If enterprises need to supply products with various shapes at the same time, a plurality of independent production lines are often required to be invested and constructed, so that the equipment utilization rate is low, the occupied area is large, the fund investment is high, and the response period of the structure adjustment of the products is long. In addition, along with the development of precise agriculture and the diversification of fertilization modes (such as unmanned aerial vehicle broadcast application, seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing, drip irrigation matching and the like), the market has increasingly demanded the diversification of fertilizer granule shapes. The production line with a single shape is difficult to meet the comprehensive requirements of different application scenes on the fluidity, the anti-drift property, the slow release property and the blending uniformity of the fertilizer, and the quick response capability of fertilizer production enterprises to market changes is limited. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-shape fertilizer production line and a production method thereof, which solve the technical problem that the existing fertilizer production line cannot produce fertilizer particles with different shapes. According to an embodiment of the invention, a multi-shape fertilizer production line comprises: the screw extrusion device is characterized in that one end of the screw extrusion device is provided with an extrusion head, and an extrusion outlet is arranged on the extrusion head; One end of the guide tube is round and aligned with the extrusion port, and the other end of the guide tube is special-shaped; the extrusion molding device comprises an extrusion motor and an extrusion roller driven by the extrusion motor, wherein extrusion cavities are uniformly distributed on the extrusion roller in the circumferential direction, a group of extrusion cavities are formed in the same cross section of the extrusion roller, a plurality of groups of extrusion cavities are uniformly distributed on the extrusion roller along the axial direction, one end of each extrusion cavity is provided with an opening, the other end of each extrusion cavity is provided with a blowing cavity, the blowing cavities can be connected with a blowing pump, and the openings can be aligned to the special-shaped end of the guide pipe; The cooling air dryer is characterized in that an inclined conv