CN-121988337-A - Geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material and preparation method thereof

CN121988337ACN 121988337 ACN121988337 ACN 121988337ACN-121988337-A

Abstract

The invention provides a geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material and a preparation method thereof. The material uses silicon-aluminum precursor material, alkali excitant, water, active materials such as oxides of iron and manganese and the like as raw materials, successfully prepares the geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material which has the advantages of simple preparation process, high and adjustable active component proportion, good catalytic effect and little environmental pollution.

Inventors

ZHANG XIAO
ZHANG XUHAO
MA MINGHUI
TIAN DONG

Assignees

潍坊水动能科技产业研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20241104

Claims (6)

1. The geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material is characterized by comprising, by weight, 50-100 parts of a silicon-aluminum precursor material, 30-60 parts of an alkali-exciting agent, 0-30 parts of water, 50-150 parts of an active ingredient and 0.5-3 parts of a dispersing agent.
2. The geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material according to claim 1, wherein the aluminosilicate precursor material comprises one or more of high collar clay, fly ash, silica fume, slag and red mud mixed in any proportion, and the silica fume precursor material has a particle size of less than 50 μm.
3. The geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material according to claim 1, wherein the alkali-activator is industrial sodium-based water glass or potassium-based water glass, and has a modulus of 1.1-1.7.
4. The geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material according to claim 1, wherein the active ingredient is one or a mixture of Fe 2 O 3 powder and Mn 2 O 3 powder, and the particle size of the active ingredient is less than 2.5 μm.
5. The geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material according to claim 1, wherein the dispersing agent is one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate mixed in any ratio.
6. The method for preparing a geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: (1) Uniformly mixing the silicon-aluminum precursor materials, adding water, a dispersing agent and an alkali excitant, stirring for 10min to prepare slurry, and adding active ingredients, stirring for 10min to prepare precursor slurry; (2) Injecting the prepared precursor slurry into a mould, sealing the mould, putting the mould into a constant temperature curing box at 80 ℃ for curing for 24 hours, taking out the mould, curing for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain a geopolymer test block, and adding the geopolymer test block into a crusher to be crushed into small balls with the diameter of 0.2-0.5 mm; (3) And (3) placing the pellets in a muffle furnace to calcine at 400 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material.

Description

Geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material and preparation method thereof The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy renewable energy treatment, in particular to a cracking catalyst material of tar generated in a biomass gasification process and a preparation method thereof. Background With the progressive consumption of non-renewable energy sources such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, ore resources and the like, and the energy crisis of continuous explosion since the 20 th century, the use of renewable energy sources is increasingly emphasized in countries around the world. Among the renewable energy sources, biomass energy with carbon capture and storage potential is favored by people due to the characteristics of small harm to environment, rich sources, convenient storage and transportation, low cost and the like. However, the generation of tar inevitably accompanies the regasification process, and there are problems such as blockage of a conveying pipeline, corrosion of equipment, reduction of gasification efficiency, etc. due to the presence of tar, which is caused by carcinogenesis and low-temperature condensation, so how to efficiently remove tar in the biomass gasification process becomes a focus problem of biomass gasification technology. In tar removal technology, catalytic cracking of tar is the most economical and effective, and related catalysts such as dolomite, alkali metal and nickel-based catalysts have been widely studied. However, dolomite becomes fragile and easy to corrode after being calcined, so that the application range of the dolomite is limited, the melting point of an alkali metal compound is generally low, the melting phenomenon can occur at the gasification temperature, the molten alkali metal salt can be combined with coke, so that the content of solid dust in produced gas is too high, the quality of the produced gas is influenced, a catalyst is deactivated due to Wen Tuanju high and carbon deposition, a nickel-based catalyst is easily deactivated due to carbon deposition, sintering and the like, the use effect and the service life of the catalyst are influenced, and certain influence is caused on the environment. In addition, the carrier of the nickel-based catalyst is usually a porous medium such as metal oxide, natural ore, molecular sieve and the like, and the loading impregnation process is complex. The iron oxide and the manganese oxide are common transition group elements, can form oxides with various valence states, have better catalytic performance and high oxidation-reduction rate, have small pollution to the environment, can be used as catalysts for catalyzing and cracking tar, and the geopolymer is an amorphous gel material formed by a precursor rich in silicon and aluminum under the action of an exciting agent, has a three-dimensional reticular structure formed by interconnecting [ SiO 4 ] tetrahedron and [ AlO 4 ] tetrahedron, has a cage-like structure similar to zeolite and a rich nano pore structure, has a larger specific surface area, and is an ideal catalyst loading material. The active substances of the nano iron oxide and the nano manganese oxide with large doping amount are doped into the geopolymer carrier with the zeolite-like structure, so that a large amount of active substances are uniformly distributed on the surface and inside the geopolymer carrier, the conventional impregnation method of impregnating the geopolymer carrier with a solvent containing the active substances is avoided, and the active substances interact with reactants through a supporting framework provided by the geopolymer with the zeolite-like structure, so that the catalytic effect of the active substances can be greatly exerted. In summary, doping active substances into the geopolymer with zeolite-like structure provides a novel geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material with simple preparation process, good catalytic effect and environmental friendliness, which is a great need in industry. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material has the advantages of high specific surface area, zeolite-like porous structure, high porosity, adjustable porosity, high content of active components, adjustable content, good stability and corrosion resistance, high-efficiency catalytic performance, low cost, environmental friendliness, simple process and the like, and has good practical application value. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to the following technical solutions: The geopolymer-based biomass tar cracking catalyst material comprises, by weight, 50-100 parts of a silicon-aluminum precursor material, 30-60 parts of an alkali-exciting agent, 0-30 parts of water, 50-150 parts of an active ingredient and 0.5-3 parts of a