CN-121988397-A - Oil-soluble iron-based catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

CN121988397ACN 121988397 ACN121988397 ACN 121988397ACN-121988397-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical catalytic materials, in particular to an oil-soluble iron-based catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein fatty acid and high polymer organic acid are used as organic acid ligands, and under alkaline conditions, the fatty acid, the high polymer organic acid and soluble ferric salt are mixed, so that carboxyl groups in the fatty acid and the high polymer organic acid react with ferric ions in the soluble ferric salt to obtain oily polyisobutene-ferric maleate complex; and taking the oily polyisobutene ferric maleate complex as a precursor, and placing the precursor at 120-180 ℃ for reaction to obtain the amorphous oil-soluble iron-based catalyst. The amorphous structure of the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst prepared by the invention ensures that the oil-soluble catalyst has higher stability and is not easy to inactivate. The oil-soluble iron-based catalyst is subjected to a hydrothermal cracking reaction, heavy oil molecules can be cracked into small molecular compounds, the boiling point of the heavy oil is reduced, a large amount of light oil is generated, and the viscosity of the heavy oil is reduced.

Inventors

DING WEI
LIU CHENGFU
HU ZHIYONG
ZHAO XIAOLONG
SUN JING
YAN YULIN

Assignees

辽宁石油化工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260128

Claims (10)

1. A method for preparing an oil-soluble iron-based catalyst, comprising the steps of: under alkaline conditions and a solvent system, fatty acid and high polymer organic acid are used as organic acid ligands and are mixed with soluble ferric salt, so that carboxyl groups in the fatty acid and the high polymer organic acid react with iron ions to form oily fatty acid iron and high polymer organic acid iron complexes; and (3) taking the oily fatty acid iron and high polymer organic acid iron complex as precursors to carry out saponification ring opening and coordination salification reaction to obtain the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst.
2. The method for preparing an oil-soluble iron-based catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline condition is ph=9 to 10; the solvent is a mixed solvent of n-hexane and absolute ethyl alcohol, and the volume ratio of the n-hexane to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:1-3:1.
3. The method for preparing the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the soluble iron salt is one of ferric chloride, ferric nitrate and ferric sulfate; The molar ratio of carboxyl in the fatty acid to the molar ratio of iron ions in the soluble ferric salt is 1.5:1-4:1.
4. The method for preparing the high-entropy oxygen storage material according to claim 1, wherein the saponification ring-opening and coordination salification reaction temperature is 120-180 ℃ and the reaction time is 8-24 h.
5. The method for preparing the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid is a C12-C22 fatty acid, the high polymer organic acid is a high polymer organic acid with a molecular weight of 800-2000 g/mol, and the molar ratio of the high polymer organic acid to the ferric salt is 1:1-4:1.
6. An oil-soluble iron-based catalyst produced by the production method of the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The use of the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst according to claim 6 in the hydrothermal cracking and viscosity reduction of heavy oil.
8. The application of the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst in the hydrothermal cracking and viscosity reduction of thick oil according to claim 7, wherein the specific application method is that the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst, water and a hydrogen supply agent are added into thick oil with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.5 wt%, and the hydrothermal cracking reaction is carried out at 180-250 ℃ and 3-8 MPa, and the reaction time is 24-72 h.
9. The application of the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst in the hydrothermal cracking and viscosity reduction of thick oil according to claim 8, wherein the hydrogen donor is alcohols, amines or a compound of alcohols and amines according to different proportions.
10. The use of an oil-soluble iron-based catalyst according to claim 9 in the hydrothermal cracking and viscosity reduction of heavy oil, wherein the alcohol is any one of ethanol, methanol and ethylene glycol, and the amine is any one of formamide, cyclohexylamine and ethylenediamine.

Description

Oil-soluble iron-based catalyst and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical catalytic materials, in particular to an oil-soluble iron-based catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. Background With the increasing demand for petroleum, the residual reserves of light oil which can be extracted are reduced, and the development of thick oil resources is increasingly important for meeting the demands of energy and fuel. The traditional steam flooding, fire flooding and chemical flooding methods can improve the fluidity of the thick oil and increase the recovery ratio of the thick oil. But the heavy component content in the thick oil is high, so that the thick oil has the characteristics of high density, high viscosity, poor fluidity and low recovery rate. In the natural reactor of the oil reservoir, certain natural ores can catalyze and crack thick oil under the condition of hot steam, but are influenced by factors such as high salt, multiphase flow, hydrogen deficiency and the like, and the reaction efficiency is low. In the prior art, fe 2+ and Ru 2+ water-soluble homogeneous catalysts are developed, and asphaltene in thick oil can be aquatically cracked at a high temperature of 375 ℃ to reduce viscosity. By adopting various water-soluble metal ion catalysts, N, S heteroatoms in the thick oil are removed by catalytic pyrolysis under the synergistic effect of a hydrogen supply agent, so that the quality of the oil is improved. However, the water-soluble catalyst is not fully contacted with the thick oil, and the utilization rate is low. Therefore, oil-soluble catalysts represented by nickel alkyl carboxylate, molybdenum oleate, iron naphthenate and the like are continuously developed, and the catalysts have good lipophilicity to reduce the content of asphaltene and colloid in thick oil by 27% and 40%, and have good viscosity reducing effect. The existing catalyst generally adopts a water-soluble catalyst, an oil-soluble catalyst and a nano catalyst. The water-soluble catalyst has poor contact with thick oil, which results in poor catalytic effect, and the nano catalyst has complex preparation process, high cost and separation problem to be solved, and is not completely suitable for the flow production mode of oil extraction sites. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an oil-soluble iron-based catalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst adopts fatty acid and high polymer organic acid as organic acid ligand, under alkaline condition, the complex is coordinated with soluble ferric salt to form oily complex, and then the oily complex is subjected to medium-temperature heat treatment to form amorphous structure. The amorphous structure has rich coordination unsaturated iron sites, can effectively promote the breakage of C-S, C-N bonds and the like, and improves the catalytic cracking efficiency. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for preparing an oil-soluble iron-based catalyst, comprising the steps of: Under alkaline conditions and a solvent system, fatty acid and high polymer organic acid are used as organic acid ligands and are mixed with soluble ferric salt, so that carboxyl groups in the fatty acid and the high polymer organic acid react with iron ions to form oily fatty acid iron and high polymer organic acid iron complexes. And (3) taking the oily fatty acid iron and the high polymer organic acid iron complex as precursors to react to obtain the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst. The preparation method comprises the steps of taking fatty acid and high polymer organic acid as organic acid ligands, mixing the fatty acid, the high polymer organic acid and soluble ferric salt under alkaline conditions, preventing iron ions from being hydrolyzed through coordination to form stable oily fatty acid iron and high polymer organic acid iron complex, placing the oily fatty acid iron and the high polymer organic acid iron complex into a closed container for reaction, and slowing down the hydrolysis rate through regulating and controlling the temperature of the reaction. The oil-soluble iron-based catalyst prepared by the method has an amorphous structure, so that the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst has high stability, is not easy to generate phase change and is not easy to inactivate. As a solid-liquid catalyst, the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst can be well dispersed in the thickened oil, so that the contact area of the catalytic reaction is effectively increased. The uniform dispersity ensures the full progress of the reaction and improves the catalytic efficiency. Meanwhile, iron in the oil-soluble iron-based catalyst can be used as a center to perform coordination with functional groups in thickened oil molecules, so that the adsorption capacity of th