Search

CN-121988449-A - Efficient and accurate separation process of fine-fraction phosphate ores

CN121988449ACN 121988449 ACN121988449 ACN 121988449ACN-121988449-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency accurate separation process of fine-fraction phosphate ores, which particularly relates to the technical field of mineral processing and comprises two-stage ladder desliming and micro-fine-grain splitting, wherein a material to be treated is fed into a first-stage desliming sieve for desliming to obtain a first oversize material and a first undersize material; and feeding the first undersize material into a second-stage desliming screen for classification to obtain a second oversize material and a second undersize material, wherein the mesh opening of the first-stage desliming screen is larger than that of the second-stage desliming screen, and the second oversize material is a fine-particle-rich material. According to the invention, by adopting a two-stage step desliming process of 0.5mm+0.1mm, the effective separation of harmful argillaceous and recyclable micro-fine-particle phosphorus minerals is realized, the loss of useful minerals is reduced from the source, and the separation precision and the resource recovery rate are obviously improved.

Inventors

  • CUI LIANG
  • YANG YONGLIANG
  • BI YUTONG

Assignees

  • 唐山智能科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260320

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The efficient and accurate separation process of the fine-fraction phosphate ore is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, crushing and primary grading, namely crushing raw ores, and screening crushed products to obtain materials to be treated, wherein the granularity of the materials is not more than a first preset threshold value; S2, two-stage step desliming and micro-particle splitting, namely feeding the material to be treated into a first-stage desliming sieve to perform desliming to obtain a first oversize product and a first undersize product, feeding the first undersize product into a second-stage desliming sieve to perform classification to obtain a second oversize product and a second undersize product, wherein the mesh of the first-stage desliming sieve is larger than that of the second-stage desliming sieve, and the second oversize product is a micro-particle-rich material; S3, constructing a micro-fine particle pre-enrichment loop, namely mixing the micro-fine particle rich material with a primary medium-removing thin medium from a main heavy medium separation loop to form separation ore pulp; S4, special sorting of the fine particle grade, namely sending the sorted ore pulp into sorting equipment for heavy medium sorting to obtain fine particle grade concentrate and fine particle grade tailings; S5, product integration and medium circulation, namely guiding the fine-particle-grade concentrate to a main heavy medium separation loop for subsequent treatment, guiding the fine-particle-grade tailings to a slime water treatment system, enabling the second undersize to enter a concentration and classification system for treatment, enabling overflow of the concentration and classification system to enter the slime water treatment system, and recycling diluted medium water generated by the main heavy medium separation loop and the fine-particle pre-enrichment loop after regeneration by a medium recovery system.
  2. 2. The efficient and accurate sorting process of fine-fraction phosphate ores according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the mesh size of the first-stage desliming screen is 0.5mm, the mesh size of the second-stage desliming screen is a high-frequency fine screen, the mesh size of the second-stage desliming screen is 0.1mm, and the particle size range of the fine-fraction-enriched material is 0.5-0.1 mm.
  3. 3. An efficient and accurate separation process for fine fraction phosphate ores according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the first oversize material enters an ore grinding process in a main dense medium separation circuit or directly enters main dense medium separation equipment.
  4. 4. The efficient and accurate separation process of fine-fraction phosphate ores according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the primary medium-removal dilute medium is derived from undersize medium generated when qualified concentrate obtained after coarse-fraction heavy medium separation is subjected to medium removal in the main heavy medium separation loop.
  5. 5. The efficient and accurate separation process of fine-fraction phosphate ores of claim 4, wherein the dense medium suspension in the primary medium-removing dilute medium has a density ranging from 1.6 g/cm3 to 2.0 g/cm3.
  6. 6. The efficient and accurate separation process of fine-fraction phosphate ores according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the separation equipment is a small-diameter heavy-medium cyclone or an interference sedimentation type separator.
  7. 7. An efficient and accurate separation process for fine fraction phosphate ores according to claim 6, wherein the separation apparatus is a small diameter heavy medium cyclone having a diameter of not more than 150mm.
  8. 8. An efficient and accurate separation process for fine grade phosphate ore according to claim 7, characterized in that in step S5, the fine grade concentrate is led back to the main dense media separation circuit, in particular to the concentrate classification system in the main dense media separation circuit or to the feed end of the separation equipment in the main dense media separation circuit for processing the particulate material in the process.
  9. 9. The efficient and accurate separation process of fine-fraction phosphate ores according to claim 8, wherein in the step S5, the underflow of the concentration and classification system is selectively returned to the main dense medium separation circuit or enters an independent ultrafine-fraction separation process or is discharged as final tailings according to mineral composition thereof.
  10. 10. The efficient and accurate separation process of fine-fraction phosphate ores according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein in step S1, the first preset threshold value is 20mm, and the process is realized by a closed circuit crushing system consisting of a jaw crusher, a cone crusher and a sieving machine.

Description

Efficient and accurate separation process of fine-fraction phosphate ores Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing, in particular to a high-efficiency and accurate separation process of fine-fraction phosphate ores. Background The dense medium sorting process of phosphate ore is widely used because of high sorting precision and large processing capacity. Conventional processes typically include a "crush-screen- (desliming) -dense media sort-product dewatering and demetalling" flow. The desliming process is crucial to ensuring the separation efficiency of the subsequent heavy medium, especially for weathered phosphorite or sedimentary phosphorite with higher mud content. Existing front desliming processes typically employ a single hydraulic classifier (e.g., spiral classifier) or screening (e.g., desliming screen) device to remove fine mud below a certain particle size (typically 0.1-0.5 mm) to prevent the mud from contaminating the dense media suspension, increasing media consumption, and deteriorating the classification environment. However, this practice has a significant technical problem in that, while removing the harmful slime, a loss of a part of the valuable phosphorus minerals in the form of minute particles (-0.1 mm) existing in the form of a coherent body or having been dissociated by the monomer is inevitably caused. The part of the micro-fine mineral directly enters a slime water system, is difficult to recycle efficiently due to the fine granularity and slow sedimentation, and finally is always lost along with overflow, so that the total recovery rate of phosphorus is reduced. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a high-efficiency accurate separation process of fine-fraction phosphate ores, which aims to solve the problem that the existing front desliming process inevitably causes loss of a part of useful phosphate ores in the form of continuous bodies or micro-particles (-0.1 mm) dissociated by monomers while harmful mineral mud is removed. The part of the micro-fine mineral directly enters a slime water system, is difficult to recycle efficiently due to the fine granularity and slow sedimentation, and finally is always lost along with overflow, so that the total recovery rate of phosphorus is reduced. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the high-efficiency and accurate sorting process of the fine-grained phosphate ores comprises the following steps: s1, crushing and primary grading, namely crushing raw ores, and screening crushed products to obtain materials to be treated, wherein the granularity of the materials is not more than a first preset threshold value; S2, two-stage step desliming and micro-particle splitting, namely, feeding a material to be treated into a first-stage desliming sieve to perform desliming to obtain a first oversize material and a first undersize material, and feeding the first undersize material into a second-stage desliming sieve to perform classification to obtain a second oversize material and a second undersize material, wherein the mesh of the first-stage desliming sieve is larger than that of the second-stage desliming sieve, and the second oversize material is a micro-particle-rich material; s3, constructing a micro-fine particle pre-enrichment loop, namely mixing the micro-fine particle rich material with a primary medium-removing thin medium from a main heavy medium separation loop to form separation ore pulp; s4, special sorting of the fine particle grade, namely sending the sorted ore pulp into sorting equipment for heavy medium sorting to obtain fine particle grade concentrate and fine particle grade tailings; s5, product integration and medium circulation, namely, guiding the fine-particle-grade concentrate to a main heavy medium separation loop for subsequent treatment, guiding the fine-particle-grade tailings to a slime water treatment system, treating the second screen lower material to a concentration and classification system, enabling overflow of the concentration and classification system to enter the slime water treatment system, and recycling diluted medium water generated by the main heavy medium separation loop and the fine-particle pre-enrichment loop after regeneration by a medium recovery system. In a preferred embodiment, in the step S2, the mesh size of the first-stage desliming screen is 0.5mm, the second-stage desliming screen is a high-frequency fine screen, the mesh size of the second-stage desliming screen is 0.1mm, and the particle size range of the fine-particle-rich material is 0.5-0.1 mm. In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the first oversize material is passed into the ore grinding circuit in the main dense media separation circuit or directly into the main dense media separation plant. In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the primary medium removal dilute medium is derived from undersize medium generated when the qu