CN-121988572-A - Multi-beam composite laser cleaning head and working method thereof

CN121988572ACN 121988572 ACN121988572 ACN 121988572ACN-121988572-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-beam composite laser cleaning head and a working method thereof. The multi-beam composite laser cleaning head comprises a main body unit, a laser input unit and an optical path transmission and shaping unit, wherein the optical path transmission and shaping unit is arranged in the main body unit and comprises four paths of optical paths, the laser input unit comprises four QBH (quad flat high-definition) installation bases arranged on the upper part of the main body unit, and optical fibers are installed in the QBH installation bases. The invention can simultaneously receive spot light spots emitted by multiple optical fibers, meets the requirement of simultaneous use of a plurality of laser cleaning machines, improves the average power of the laser cleaning machines, can rapidly switch the arrangement modes of the spot light according to the use scene, and improves the cleaning effect and the cleaning efficiency of the laser cleaning machines.

Inventors

DONG XUEYAN
XU YAN
KOU YANG
LI XINLEI
LIU ZILEI
LIU KAI
CHEN ZHONGZHENG

Assignees

齐鲁中科光物理与工程技术研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260325

Claims (7)

1. A multi-beam composite laser cleaning head is characterized by comprising a main body unit, a laser input unit and a light path transmission and shaping unit, wherein the main body unit is of a hollow structure, a laser light outlet is formed in the front of the main body unit, the light path transmission and shaping unit is arranged in the main body unit, the light path transmission and shaping unit comprises four light paths, each light path comprises a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, a first vibrating mirror and a second vibrating mirror which are sequentially arranged along the light path, the first light path and the second light path are output through a first field lens in the four light paths of the shaping unit, the third light path and the fourth light path are output through a second field lens, the first light path and the second light path are distributed in an up-down parallel mode, the third light path and the fourth light path are distributed in a left-right mirror mode, the laser input unit comprises four QBH (QBH) installation bases arranged on the upper portion of the main body unit, and optical fibers are installed in the QBH installation bases.
2. The multi-beam composite laser cleaning head according to claim 1, wherein a field lens protective shell is arranged on the outer side of the laser light outlet, a protective lens is arranged in the field lens protective shell, a field lens protective cover is connected to the upper side of the field lens protective shell through a rotating shaft, a crescent-shaped blowing protective cover is arranged on the front side of the field lens protective shell, air outlets are uniformly formed in the inner side of the cambered surface of the crescent-shaped blowing protective cover, and the blowing direction of the air outlets is parallel to the plane where the protective lens is located.
3. The multi-beam composite laser cleaning head according to claim 2, wherein the main body unit is further provided with an adsorption switch, the adsorption switch comprises a permanent magnet arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft, a metal block arranged above the field lens protecting shell and an LC circuit arranged below the metal block, when the field lens protecting shell is opened, the permanent magnet and the metal block are attracted, the signal trigger wire sends an electric signal to the laser controller, and the laser passage runs.
4. The multi-beam composite laser cleaning head according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the main body unit is provided with a double handle, the front of the double handle is provided with laser trigger switches, two sides of the main body unit are respectively provided with lifting lugs, one side of the main body unit is provided with a physical shift switch, the rear side of the main body unit is provided with an alarm lamp and a rotary encoder switch, the laser trigger switches are connected with a laser controller through parallel signal lines, when the two laser trigger switches are pressed simultaneously, the parallel signal lines are communicated, the laser works to prevent misoperation during laser cleaning, the shift switches are two-shift switches and are connected with the laser controller through the signal lines, the alarm lamp is a three-color lamp and is connected with the laser controller, the laser trigger switches and the physical shift switches through the signal lines, and the rotary encoder switch is connected with the laser controller through the signal lines.
5. The multi-beam composite laser cleaning head according to claim 1, wherein the lens of the optical path transmission and shaping unit is arranged on a mounting groove of a lens holder, the lens holder is slidably arranged in the main body unit through a mounting chute at the bottom of the main body unit, and a detachable panel for taking and placing the lens holder is arranged on the side surface of the main body unit.
6. A method of operating a multi-beam composite laser cleaning head according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: The light spot emitted by a single optical fiber sequentially passes through a first reflector, a second reflector, a first vibrating mirror and a second vibrating mirror, and finally passes through a field lens to emit a ray light spot through a laser light outlet, wherein the first reflector and the second reflector are used for folding an optical path, the first vibrating mirror adjusts the distance between parallel optical paths by changing a swinging angle, the second vibrating mirror adjusts the length of the line light spot by changing the swinging angle, the first field lens and the second field lens realize the focusing of four line light spots and enable the four line light spots to be in the same plane, and the method comprises the following steps: The optical fiber emits light spots, the light path turns 90 degrees after passing through the first reflecting mirror, the light path turns 90 degrees again after passing through the second reflecting mirror, the light path vertically irradiates the first vibrating mirror, the deflection angle of the first vibrating mirror is adjusted, the relative position of the light spots falling on the second vibrating mirror is changed, so that the final position of the first linear light spots is determined, the light spots reach the second vibrating mirror after being reflected by the first vibrating mirror, the second vibrating mirror swings fast, the light spots form linear light spots, the light spots formed by a plurality of light paths are focused on a unified focal plane through the field mirror, the light spot lengths are consistent, and the energy distribution is uniform.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the second galvanometer oscillates at 0-150 hz.

Description

Multi-beam composite laser cleaning head and working method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to a multi-beam composite laser cleaning head and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of laser cleaning equipment and methods. Background As an advanced, environment-friendly and efficient cleaning technology, laser cleaning has shown unique advantages in the field of material surface treatment by virtue of the characteristics of non-contact processing. The core mechanism is that the surface to be treated is irradiated by high-energy laser beams, and pollutants are quickly gasified, peeled or decomposed by photo-thermal or photochemical effect, so that the effective removal of impurities on the surface of the substrate is realized. Compared with the traditional mechanical friction, high-pressure water jet, chemical corrosion, ultrasonic cleaning and other processes, the laser cleaning has little damage to the matrix material, does not generate secondary pollutants such as waste liquid and the like, is easy to realize automatic integration, and has been widely accepted in the fields of aerospace, ship manufacturing, automobile industry and the like. With the continuous expansion of application scenes, the technology is developing towards portability, and handheld laser cleaning is popular in the market. The device transmits laser generated by the laser to the cleaning head through the optical fiber, and an operator can flexibly cope with various complex shapes and angles by only holding the cleaning head, so that the convenience and applicability of operation are greatly improved. At present, the power of the existing handheld laser cleaner is mainly concentrated between 100W and 1000W under the influence of the fiber core diameter, the fiber loss and the bearing threshold of the fiber end cap, the cleaning efficiency and the cleaning effect reach the bottleneck in the face of the scene of thicker cleaning material and difficult cleaning, and the handheld laser cleaner still has room for improvement and lifting for the high-energy and large-breadth handheld laser cleaning scene. In order to solve the problems of low power and narrow breadth of the hand-held laser cleaning machine, the conventional solution is to fix a plurality of cleaning heads together, and the plurality of laser cleaning machines work simultaneously so as to improve the power and realize high-energy and large-breadth cleaning. The laser cleaning heads with a plurality of combinations are large in overall dimension, poor in use operation convenience, low in small space passing capability, complex in relative position adjustment of light spots and poor in replaceability. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multi-beam composite laser cleaning head. The invention also provides a working method of the multi-beam composite laser cleaning head. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a multi-beam composite laser cleaning head comprises a main body unit, a laser input unit and an optical path transmission and shaping unit; the main body unit is of a hollow structure, and a laser light outlet is arranged at the front part of the main body unit; The optical path transmission and shaping unit is arranged in the main body unit and comprises four paths of optical paths, and each path of optical path comprises a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, a first vibrating mirror and a second vibrating mirror which are sequentially arranged along the optical path; the first optical path and the second optical path are distributed in parallel up and down, and the third optical path and the fourth optical path are distributed in a left-right mirror image with the first optical path and the second optical path; The laser input unit comprises four QBH mounting bases arranged on the upper portion of the main body unit, and the optical fibers are arranged in the QBH mounting bases. Preferably, a field lens protective shell is arranged at the outer side of the laser light outlet, and a protective lens is arranged in the field lens protective shell; the front side of the field lens protective housing is provided with a crescent blowing protective cover, and the inner side of the cambered surface of the crescent blowing protective cover is uniformly provided with air outlet holes, and the blowing direction of the air outlet holes is parallel to the plane where the protective lenses are positioned. The air outlet is externally connected with an air source to prevent the lens from being polluted by dust in the laser cleaning process. Further preferably, the main body unit is further provided with an adsorption switch, the adsorption switch comprises a permanent magnet arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft, a metal block arranged above the field lens protective shell and an LC circuit arranged below the metal block, when the field lens protective shell