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CN-121988682-A - Underwater emergency cable cutting device

CN121988682ACN 121988682 ACN121988682 ACN 121988682ACN-121988682-A

Abstract

The invention relates to an underwater emergency cable cutting device, which is characterized in that a movable cutter is hydraulically driven, a shearing pair is formed by matching the movable cutter with a fixed cutter, the shearing mechanical property is optimized, the cutting efficiency of a composite cable is improved, an arc-shaped cutting edge of a crescent cutter head is designed, a progressive closed shearing force field can be formed during shearing, acting force is uniformly distributed along the section of the cable, the device is particularly suitable for a composite cable structure in which an outer sheath and an inner tensile fiber are mixed, a guiding mechanism is used for forcedly restricting the movement track of the movable cutter head, the cutting edge is always closed along a preset path during the shearing process, the accurate shearing path is controlled, secondary damage is avoided, the guiding-hydraulic linkage control of a self-adaptive cable path is realized, a guiding chute is integrated with a pressure feedback module, and the output pressure of a hydraulic system is adjusted in real time. Breaks through the limitation of the traditional disposable gunpowder or pin pulling type device, and designs a modularized shearing unit and a quick resetting oil cylinder.

Inventors

  • SUN HAILONG
  • MAO LIFENG
  • CHEN PENG
  • HE YUHUA
  • DONG MINGXI

Assignees

  • 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇四研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260130

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The underwater emergency cable cutting device is characterized in that side plates (3) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the mounting base (1), horizontal guide grooves (4) corresponding to each other are formed in the two side plates (3), a movable cutter (6) and a fixed cutter (13) are arranged between the side plates (3), the fixed cutter (13) is fixed to the end portion of a frame far away from the power hydraulic cylinder (2), two ends of the movable cutter (6) penetrate through the horizontal guide grooves (4) and are limited by cutter head fastening plates (7), the movable cutter (6) can only move horizontally along the directions of the horizontal guide grooves (4), the output end of the power hydraulic cylinder (2) is connected with the movable cutter (6) through a movable cutter mounting plate (12) and is used for driving the movable cutter (6) to move towards the direction of the fixed cutter (13), a crescent cutting edge (5) is arranged on one side of the movable cutter (6) facing the fixed cutter (13), a pair is formed by matching with the fixed cutter (13), and a cable feeding area (11) is arranged on the side plate (3) between the movable cutter (6) and the fixed cutter (13) and enters a cable cutting area.
  2. 2. The underwater emergency cable cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the crescent-shaped cutting edge (5) is of a bevel concave cambered surface structure at the end part of the movable cutter (6), and the arc-shaped cutting edge is designed to uniformly distribute acting force along the section of the cable in the shearing process so as to form a progressive closed shearing force field.
  3. 3. The underwater emergency cable cutting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the horizontal guide groove (4) and the cutter head fastening plate (7) form a guide mechanism to forcibly restrict the movement track of the movable cutter (6) so as to ensure that the cutting edge is closed along a preset path in the cutting process.
  4. 4. The underwater emergency cable cutting device according to claim 1, wherein an anti-abrasion sleeve (8) is arranged on the outer side of the movable cutter mounting plate (12), and the anti-abrasion sleeve (8) is fixed on the side plate (3) through a sleeve mounting bolt (9) and is used for reducing friction and abrasion of a cable to the movable cutter mounting plate (12).
  5. 5. The underwater emergency cable cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant cable inlet (11) is of a horn-shaped structure, and guide rollers are arranged in the wear-resistant cable inlet and used for guiding cables to accurately enter the cutting area under the disturbance of water flow.
  6. 6. The underwater emergency cable cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the stationary blade (13) is rigidly fixed to the mounting base (1) by a stationary blade mounting plate (14) to withstand shearing reaction forces.
  7. 7. The underwater emergency cable cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the power hydraulic cylinder (2) is rigidly connected with the mounting base (1) through a hydraulic cylinder mounting bolt (10), and the hydraulic system is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the cylinder in real time and automatically adjusting the output flow rate so as to ensure that the movable cutter (6) is propelled at a constant speed.
  8. 8. The underwater emergency cable cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the movable cutter mounting plate (12) is provided with a buffer device which is matched with a limit structure on the side plate (3) to absorb inertial impact in the resetting process of the movable cutter (6) and reduce mechanical vibration.
  9. 9. The underwater emergency cable cutting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is internally provided with a guide groove and a drain hole for guiding the chips generated by the shearing to the outside of the apparatus.
  10. 10. The underwater emergency cable cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the crescent-shaped cutting edge (5) is provided with a high-hardness low-roughness coating on the surface, and the device is suitable for cutting a composite cable with a mixed structure of an outer sheath and an inner tensile fiber, and is used for avoiding sheath tearing or damage of an inner precision element.

Description

Underwater emergency cable cutting device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ocean deep diving equipment, in particular to an underwater emergency cable cutting device. Background With the development of ocean engineering and deep-diving exploration technologies, underwater towing systems (such as deep sea towed bodies, ROVs, etc.) are often connected to a mother vessel by towing cables or umbilical cables. However, the complex submarine environment easily causes that the cable is hung on a submarine structure (such as rock, sunken ship, etc.), and if the cable cannot be cut off in time, a towing platform (such as a helicopter and a high-speed boat) may be overturned due to overload tension, or expensive underwater equipment cannot be recovered, so that great economic loss is caused. In order to better meet the requirements of complex deep ocean operations, a plurality of research institutions and enterprises at home and abroad are actively developing novel cable cutting devices so as to improve the performance and adaptability of the cable cutting devices and ensure the efficient and safe operation of the cable cutting devices. Modern trailing cables are multi-material, multi-layer composite structures (such as streamline sheaths, tensile fiber layers, power/fiber cores), traditional shearing devices are only aimed at bare cable, and internal precision elements are easy to damage when the cable cores are cut off during shearing. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems, the underwater emergency cable cutting device is provided, meets the shearing requirement of a composite cable, ensures that a cable core can be thoroughly cut off during shearing, and avoids sheath tearing or damage of internal precise elements. The underwater emergency cable cutting device comprises a mounting base and a power hydraulic cylinder, wherein side plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the mounting base, horizontal guide grooves corresponding to each other are formed in the two side plates, a movable cutter and a fixed cutter are arranged between the side plates, the fixed cutter is fixed at the end part of a frame far away from the power hydraulic cylinder, two ends of the movable cutter penetrate through the horizontal guide grooves and are limited by a cutter head fastening plate, the movable cutter can only move horizontally along the direction of the horizontal guide grooves, the output end of the power hydraulic cylinder is connected with the movable cutter through a movable cutter mounting plate and is used for driving the movable cutter to move towards the fixed cutter, a crescent cutting edge is arranged on one side of the movable cutter facing the fixed cutter and is matched with the fixed cutter to form a shearing pair, and an antiwear cable inlet is formed in a lower area, located between the movable cutter and the fixed cutter, on the side plate and used for guiding a cable to enter the shearing area. Preferably, the crescent cutting edge is a bevel concave cambered surface structure at the end part of the movable cutter, and the arc cutting edge is designed to uniformly distribute acting force along the section of the cable in the shearing process so as to form a progressive closed shearing force field. Preferably, the horizontal guide groove and the cutter head fastening plate form a guide mechanism to forcibly restrict the movement track of the movable cutter, so that the cutting edge is ensured to be closed along a preset path in the shearing process. Preferably, the outside of the movable cutter mounting plate is provided with an anti-abrasion sleeve, and the anti-abrasion sleeve is fixed on the side plate through a sleeve mounting bolt and is used for reducing friction and abrasion of a mooring rope to the movable cutter mounting plate. Preferably, the wear-resistant cable inlet adopts a horn-shaped structural design, and guide rollers are arranged in the wear-resistant cable inlet and used for guiding a cable to accurately enter a shearing area under water flow disturbance. Preferably, the stationary knife is rigidly fixed on the mounting base through a stationary knife mounting plate and bears shearing reaction force. Preferably, the power hydraulic cylinder is rigidly connected with the mounting base through a hydraulic cylinder mounting bolt, and the hydraulic system is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the cylinder in real time and automatically adjusting the output flow rate so as to ensure that the movable knife is propelled at a constant speed. Preferably, the movable cutter mounting plate is provided with a buffer device which is matched with a limit structure on the side plate, so that inertial impact is absorbed in the resetting process of the movable cutter, and mechanical vibration is reduced. Preferably, the device is internally provided with a diversion trench and a drain hole for guiding the chips generated by shearing