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CN-121988699-A - Preparation method of nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material

CN121988699ACN 121988699 ACN121988699 ACN 121988699ACN-121988699-A

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material, which comprises the following steps of S1, adding nickel powder into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, stirring uniformly to prepare a paste coating, S2, coating the paste coating on the surface of a casting plastic foam model, drying to obtain the casting model, S3, coating a layer of fire-resistant sand-sticking-preventing coating on the outer surface of the casting model, drying and then embedding the casting model into a prefabricated sand mold, S4, smelting copper liquid in an intermediate frequency induction furnace, casting the copper liquid into the casting model under vacuum, sintering the nickel coating on the surface of a copper casting at a high temperature to form a compact nickel layer to obtain a casting, S5, cooling the casting to room temperature, cleaning and polishing the surface to obtain the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material, and carrying out hot rolling and cold rolling processing on the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material to obtain the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material. The invention realizes the short-flow high-efficiency preparation of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material, has good interface combination, is not easy to crack and has high yield.

Inventors

  • CHEN CUNGUANG
  • SUN FEIXIANG

Assignees

  • 无锡市东杨新材料股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260128

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, adding nickel powder into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare a pasty coating; s2, coating the pasty coating on the surface of a plastic foam model, and drying to obtain a casting model; S3, coating a layer of fire-resistant sand-sticking-preventing paint on the outer side of the casting model obtained in the step S2, drying, and then embedding the fire-resistant sand-sticking-preventing paint into a prefabricated sand mold; s4, smelting copper liquid in an intermediate frequency induction furnace, casting the copper liquid into a casting model in the prefabricated sand mould in the step S3 under vacuum, and sintering the nickel coating on the surface of the copper casting at high temperature to form a compact nickel layer to obtain the casting; S5, cooling the casting to room temperature, then carrying out surface cleaning and polishing to obtain a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material, and carrying out hot rolling and cold rolling processing on the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material to obtain the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material.
  2. 2. The method for preparing a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the nickel powder to the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution in the step S1 is 50:1-100:1.
  3. 3. The preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, wherein the nickel powder in the step S1 is selected from one or more of carbonyl nickel powder, atomized nickel powder and reduced nickel powder, the powder is approximately spherical or spherical in shape, the average particle size is 1-50 μm, and the concentration of the binder polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 0.5 wt% -2.5 wt%.
  4. 4. The method for producing a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in step S2 is 60-85 ℃ and the drying time is 1-10 hours.
  5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the paste coating thickness to the plastic foam mold thickness in the step S2 is 1:5-5:1.
  6. 6. The method for preparing a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in the step S3 is 30-50 ℃ and the drying time is 1-3 hours.
  7. 7. The method for producing a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, wherein the melting temperature in the step S4 is 1200-1400 ℃, the vacuum degree is 10 -1 -10 -2 Pa, and the casting temperature is 1150-1300 ℃.
  8. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the dense nickel layer has a relative density of 95% -98% in step S4.
  9. 9. The method of producing a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material in step S5 is 0.02 to 0.2 mm.

Description

Preparation method of nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of metal layered composite materials, in particular to a preparation method of a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material. Background The nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material has the high electric conductivity and high heat conductivity of copper and the high strength, corrosion resistance and weldability of nickel, has important application prospect in the fields of high-frequency communication (5G/6G, millimeter waves), new energy (power battery, energy storage), high-end electronic packaging, electromagnetic shielding and the like, however, as the nickel and the copper are dissimilar metals and have large difference of thermal expansion coefficients, when being processed by adopting the traditional composite rolling process, the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material is easy to delaminate or generate brittle intermetallic compounds during rolling or heat treatment, so that the interface bonding strength is low, and delamination or cracking are easy to occur. Meanwhile, the nickel and copper metals are connected at the interface first, so that subsequent rolling processing can be performed, the process flow is long, the manufacturing cost is high, heterogeneous metal connection can be realized by a casting composite method, but brittle intermetallic compounds are easy to form at the heterogeneous metal interface, and thermal stress can cause cracking. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a preparation method of a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material, which utilizes a copper liquid vacuum lost foam casting process to integrally prepare the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material, can solve the problem that the nickel and copper heterogeneous metal are difficult to be connected efficiently and reliably in the prior art, and realizes good matching with strong interface, high strength and low cost. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material comprises the following steps: S1, adding nickel powder into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare a pasty coating; s2, coating the pasty coating on the surface of a plastic foam model, and drying to obtain a casting model; S3, coating a layer of fire-resistant sand-sticking-preventing paint on the outer side of the casting model obtained in the step S2, drying, and then embedding the fire-resistant sand-sticking-preventing paint into a prefabricated sand mold; S4, smelting copper liquid in an intermediate frequency induction furnace, casting the copper liquid into a casting model in the prefabricated sand mould in the step S3 under vacuum, and heating the nickel coating by the high-temperature copper liquid to sinter the nickel coating on the surface of the copper casting at high temperature to form a compact nickel layer to obtain the casting; S5, cooling the casting to room temperature, then carrying out surface cleaning and polishing to obtain a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material, and carrying out hot rolling and cold rolling processing on the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material to obtain the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material. Preferably, the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material is prepared by the method, wherein the mass ratio of the nickel powder to the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution in the step S1 is 50:1-100:1. Preferably, the nickel powder in the step S1 is selected from one or more of carbonyl nickel powder, atomized nickel powder and reduced nickel powder, the powder is nearly spherical or spherical, the average particle size is 1-50 mu m, and the concentration of the binder polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 0.5-wt-2.5-wt%. Preferably, the preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material comprises the following steps of drying at 60-85 ℃ for 1-10 hours in the step S2. Preferably, the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material is prepared by the method, wherein the ratio of the paste coating thickness to the thickness of the plastic foam model in the step S2 is 1:5-5:1. Preferably, the preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material comprises the following steps of drying at 30-50 ℃ for 1-3 hours in the step S3. Preferably, the preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material comprises the following steps of smelting at 1200-1400 ℃, vacuum degree of 10 -1-10-2 Pa and casting at 1150-1300 ℃ in the step S4. Preferably, the preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material comprises the step S4, wherein the relative density of the compact nickel layer is 95% -98%. Preferably, the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material is prepared by the