CN-121988745-A - Device and method for preparing metal powder by high-fine powder rate gas atomization

Abstract

The device comprises a tundish, an atomizing chamber, a penetrating type stopper rod and a water gap high-pressure gas spraying disc, wherein the tundish and the atomizing chamber are arranged up and down, the water gap high-pressure gas spraying disc is assembled at the top of the atomizing chamber, a central through hole is arranged between the tundish and the atomizing chamber and between the tundish and the water gap high-pressure gas spraying disc, the water gap is arranged at the central through hole and can move up and down, the penetrating type stopper rod is arranged right above the central through hole, the bottom end of the penetrating type stopper rod is provided with a core rod with a small diameter, the water gap is provided with an inner hole with two poles, the diameter of the core rod is smaller than the diameter of the inner hole at the bottom of the water gap, and the diameter of the penetrating type stopper rod is larger than the diameter of the inner hole at the bottom of the water gap. The cylindrical metal liquid flow is replaced by the barrel-shaped liquid flow for gas atomization in the traditional process, so that the invention has the advantages that 1) the metal liquid flow is more easily broken by high-pressure atomization gas flow, so that finer metal liquid drops can be obtained, further, metal powder with higher superfine powder rate can be obtained, and 2) the productivity can be greatly improved.

Inventors

• HUANG YUPING
• YU MINGGUANG
• ZHANG DONG
• FAN JINGTAO
• WANG HAIWEI
• Wei Chongyi
• YANG GUANG

Assignees

• 鞍钢股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260309

Claims (5)

1. 1. The device for preparing the metal powder by gas atomization with high fine powder rate comprises a tundish, an atomizing chamber, a penetrating stopper rod and a water gap high-pressure gas spraying disc, wherein the tundish and the atomizing chamber are arranged up and down integrally, the water gap high-pressure gas spraying disc is assembled at the top of the atomizing chamber, a central through hole is formed between the tundish and the atomizing chamber as well as between the tundish and the water gap high-pressure gas spraying disc, the water gap is arranged at the position of the central through hole, the penetrating stopper rod is arranged right above the central through hole and can move up and down, and the device is characterized in that a core rod with a small diameter is arranged at the bottom end of the penetrating stopper rod, an inner hole with two polar diameters is arranged at the water gap, the diameter of the core rod is smaller than the diameter of the inner hole at the bottom of the water gap, and the diameter of the penetrating stopper rod is larger than the diameter of the inner hole at the bottom of the water gap.
2. 2. The high-fine powder-rate aerosolizing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a heat insulating layer and a tundish lining are provided on the inner wall of the tundish.
3. 3. The high-fine powder rate metal powder making device by gas atomization according to claim 1, wherein the central through hole of the tundish is a conical hole with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the outer diameter of the upper part of the water gap is matched with the conical hole and is placed in the conical hole.
4. 4. The high-fine-powder-rate metal powder preparation device by gas atomization according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter M of the core rod is 15-200 mm in value, and the inner diameter D of the water gap is 18-220 mm in value.
5. 5. A method for preparing metal powder by high-fine powder rate gas atomization, which is characterized by using the high-fine powder rate gas atomization device as set forth in any one of claims 1-4, and specifically comprising: 1) Lowering the penetrating stopper rod to make the stopper rod fall onto the water gap to block the water gap; 2) Baking the tundish lining by flame, and then injecting molten metal into the tundish; 3) Starting a high-pressure air source, and spraying the high-pressure air source to an atomization chamber through a high-pressure air spraying disc; 4) Lifting the penetrating stopper rod, connecting a gap between the core rod and the water gap with the tundish to form a metal liquid channel with a circular seam, and flowing out the metal liquid from the circular seam under the action of gravity and the action of negative pressure suction of jet air flow of the high-pressure gas jet disc to form barrel-shaped liquid flow; 5) The barrel-shaped liquid flow enters an impact area of the air flow sprayed by the high-pressure air spray disc in the atomization chamber, is broken into superfine liquid drops and is quickly solidified to form superfine metal powder.

Description

Device and method for preparing metal powder by high-fine powder rate gas atomization Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a device and a method for preparing metal powder by gas atomization with high fine powder rate, which are suitable for manufacturing iron and steel and various nonferrous metal powders. Background The application range of the metal powder such as aluminum powder, iron powder, alloy steel powder and the like comprises 3D printing, isostatic compaction and the like. The particle size of the metal powder is required to be higher by injection molding and less than 20 microns, and the particle size obtained by preparing the metal powder by an air atomization method is often concentrated in the range of more than 30 microns. Therefore, how to obtain the particle size which is concentrated in the range of less than 20 microns meets the particle size requirement of injection molding on the metal powder, namely, the development of an air atomization preparation method of the ultra-fine metal powder becomes a urgent need of the metal powder manufacturing industry. An aerosolization preparation process of iron powder for additive manufacturing and repairing (application number: CN201911024959.8; publication number: CN 110640156A). The method comprises the steps of preparing a master alloy electrode rod from nickel-boron alloy, ferrovanadium alloy, iron, nickel, graphite carbon particles and chromium, transferring the master alloy electrode rod into an induction heating chamber, cutting a magnetic induction wire in the induction coil by the master alloy electrode to generate heat, melting the master alloy electrode rod into molten metal, flowing the molten metal into an atomization chamber from the induction heating chamber, introducing argon through a high-pressure argon nozzle for atomization operation, breaking the molten metal into liquid drops under the impact of supersonic argon flow, and cooling. The invention provides a powder material which has good sphericity, good fluidity and low oxygen content and can be used for additive manufacturing and repairing of high-hardness complex precise structural parts in the fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry, medical appliances, automobile manufacturing, injection molds and the like by providing a more remarkable influence on the fluidity and yield of the powder by virtue of the temperature of a gas medium in the powder preparation process and adopting a multi-process coupling optimization design. A production system of atomized vanadium-titanium-iron powder (application number: CN201821758489.9; publication number: CN 208976837U). The utility model provides a production system of atomizing vanadium titanium iron powder, including intermediate frequency electric stove, be arranged in receiving the atomizing charging ladle of vanadium titanium molten steel in the intermediate frequency electric stove, be used for carrying out the atomizing high-pressure water pump to the molten steel that leaks the eye and flow down of atomizing charging ladle for control atomizing the temperature control system of vanadium titanium molten steel in the atomizing charging ladle, the below of atomizing charging ladle sets up the atomizer, leak the eye and stretch into in the atomizer, the atomizing nozzle of high-pressure water pump stretches into in the atomizer, the below of atomizer is provided with and connects the hopper, temperature control system includes controller, thermoscope and intermediate frequency heating circle, controller and thermoscope electrical connection, set up refractory material on the jar body inside lining of atomizing charging ladle, intermediate frequency heating circle is around jar outer wall setting, intermediate frequency heating circle is connected with the power, controller and power electrical connection. The system can realize the production of vanadium-titanium atomized iron powder with various performance standards, has simple equipment, improves the quality of the obtained base powder compared with the prior art, and provides good raw materials for downstream production. The methods described in the above patent documents all can obtain iron powder, but all have a problem that the proportion of ultrafine powder of 20 μm or less is small. The invention aims to provide a device and a method for preparing metal powder by gas atomization with high fine powder rate, so as to achieve the purpose of preparing powder with high fine powder rate. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a device and a method for preparing metal powder by gas atomization with high fine powder rate, so as to achieve the aim of efficiently preparing superfine metal powder. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: The gas atomization metal powder preparation device with the high fine powder rate