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CN-121988760-A - Railway wagon axle box turning device and method

CN121988760ACN 121988760 ACN121988760 ACN 121988760ACN-121988760-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a turning device and method for axle boxes of railway trucks, wherein the turning device is used for turning axle holes and end faces of axle boxes of casting blanks of railway trucks and comprises a main plate disc, a supporting plate assembly, side positioning blocks and a pressing assembly, wherein the main plate disc is vertically arranged on a four-jaw chuck of a lathe, the main plate disc is a rectangular plate and is clamped to the middle position of four sides by jaws, the supporting plate assembly is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the front surface of the main plate disc, the supporting plate assembly is supported below a circular groove and is clamped with a pressure spring disc part through a pressing screw, the side positioning blocks are matched with the outer sides of the supporting plate assembly, the inner side walls of the side positioning blocks can position the end faces of the outer walls of the pressure spring disc part, and the pressing assembly is used for pressing the axle boxes of casting blanks of railway trucks onto the front surface of the main plate. The invention can rapidly clamp the axle box casting blank to be turned, considers the machining allowance for the subsequent machining and improves the machining efficiency and quality.

Inventors

  • GUO XINGHUI

Assignees

  • 保定联想铸造有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260306

Claims (10)

  1. 1. An axle box turning device for turning an axle hole (102 ') of an axle box casting blank (1') and an end face thereof, characterized by comprising: The main board disc (1) is vertically arranged on a four-jaw chuck (8) of the lathe, and the main board disc (1) is a rectangular plate and is clamped to the middle position of four sides by jaws (802); the two groups of the support plate assemblies (2) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the front face of the main plate disc (1), and the support plate assemblies (2) are supported below the circular grooves (105 ') and clamp the pressure spring disc parts (104') through the compression screws (202); the side positioning blocks (4) are arranged on the outer side of the supporting plate assembly (2) in a matched mode, and the inner side walls of the side positioning blocks (4) can position the end faces of the outer walls of the pressure spring disc parts (104'); And the compression assembly compresses the axle box casting blank (1') onto the front surface of the main plate (1).
  2. 2. The turning device for axle boxes of railway wagons according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting plate assembly (2) further comprises cushion blocks (201), the bottom surfaces of the cushion blocks (201) are fixedly connected to a main supporting plate of the supporting plate assembly (2), the two cushion blocks (201) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the compression screw (202), and the top surfaces of the cushion blocks (201) are contacted with the bottom surfaces of the round grooves (105').
  3. 3. The turning device for the axle box of the railway wagon according to claim 2, further comprising a pressing plate (3), wherein the top end of the pressing screw (202) penetrates through the round hole (106 ') and the middle hole of the pressing plate (3) and is in threaded connection with a locking nut, and two ends of the pressing plate (3) are pressed onto the bottom surface of the pressure spring disc portion (104').
  4. 4. The turning device of the axle box of a railway wagon according to claim 1, wherein the side positioning blocks (4) are welded or fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the main pallet of the pallet assembly (2) by screws.
  5. 5. The turning device for the axle box of the railway wagon according to claim 1, wherein the pressing assembly comprises a positioning column (5), a first pressing plate assembly (6) and a second pressing plate assembly (7), the positioning column (5) is arranged below a supporting lug portion (107 ') of a casting blank (1 ') of the wagon box in a cushioning mode, the supporting lug portion (107 ') is vertically arranged on a large surface, the first pressing plate assembly (6) presses the supporting lug portion (107 '), and the second pressing plate assembly (7) presses the middle position of a bottom rib plate (103 ').
  6. 6. The railway wagon axle box turning device according to claim 5, wherein the main body of the positioning column (5) is a positioning threaded rod, a welding nut (103) is welded below the supporting lug part (107 ') on the main plate disc (1), the bottom end of the positioning threaded rod is in threaded connection with the welding nut (103), and the top end of the positioning threaded rod is flat-headed and is abutted against the bottom surface of the supporting lug part (107').
  7. 7. The turning device for the axle box of the railway wagon according to claim 6, wherein the main plate disc (1) is coaxially provided with a yielding hole (102) at the welding nut (103), the bottom end of the limit threaded rod can be inserted into the yielding hole (102), the limit threaded rod is connected with a locking nut (501) in a threaded manner, and the locking nut (501) is backed up on the welding nut (103).
  8. 8. The turning device for the axle box of the railway wagon according to claim 5, wherein the first pressing plate assembly (6) comprises L-shaped iron and a pressing middle bolt, the root of the pressing middle bolt is fixedly connected to the front face of the main plate disc (1), a waist-shaped hole is formed in the middle position of a long arm of the L-shaped iron, the waist-shaped hole is formed along the long arm direction of the L-shaped iron, and the pressing middle bolt penetrates through the waist-shaped hole and is in threaded connection with a pressing locking nut.
  9. 9. The turning device for the axle box of the railway wagon according to claim 8, wherein the structure of the second pressing plate assembly (7) is identical to that of the first pressing plate assembly (6), and the root of a bolt in pressing of the second pressing plate assembly (7) is fixedly connected to the front surface of the main plate disc (1) or the four-jaw chuck (8).
  10. 10. The turning method of the bearing saddle is characterized in that the turning device of the axle box of the railway wagon is adopted to carry out turning on an axle hole (102 ') and the end face of the axle box casting blank (1') and comprises the following steps: Firstly, feeding, namely, coiling a four-jaw chuck (8) to enable two groups of supporting plate assemblies (2) to face upwards and be positioned on the same horizontal plane, hoisting an axle box casting blank (1 ') to be processed onto the supporting plate assemblies (2), and inwards turning the end face of an axle sleeve (101 ') with a supporting lug part (107 '); Step two, clamping a workpiece, namely knocking the outer end face of a spindle sleeve (101 ') by using a rubber hammer, and pressing the spindle box casting blank (1') onto the front face of the main board disc (1) by using the pressing assembly; turning, starting the lathe, and turning the axle hole (102') and the end face thereof.

Description

Railway wagon axle box turning device and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of axle box processing, in particular to a turning device and method for an axle box of a railway wagon. Background The axle box is a key accessory of a bogie part of a railway wagon, is sleeved at the outer end of an axle of a wheel pair, is provided with a cylindrical roller bearing to support the axle, and transmits the weight of a carriage to the axle, so that the axle box plays a vital role in driving safety. The axle box is generally manufactured by a post-casting machining method, as shown in fig. 1, and is an axle box casting blank 1' of the axle box, and the axle box casting blank 1' needs to be subjected to turning machining of an axle hole 102' and an end face of an axle sleeve 101', and then subjected to milling machining of a circular groove 105' in a machining center. However, currently there is no suitable tooling when turning axle box billets 1'. A simple tapered cylinder is often used on a chuck of a lathe to center one end of the axle hole 102', a pressing plate is used to press the bottom rib plate 103' and other side plates onto the chuck, and then the end surfaces of the axle hole 102 'and the axle sleeve 101' are turned. The operation mode has low clamping and positioning precision, is complex to operate and is time-consuming and labor-consuming. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the suspension of the pressure spring disc portion 104 'protrudes out of the setting mode, deformation is easy to occur in the casting process, the existing turning mode does not fully consider the form and position tolerance requirements of the bottom surface of the circular groove 105' and the axle hole 102', machining allowance is insufficient when a later machining center mills the circular groove 105', black skin residues occur, and even scrapping is caused. In order to overcome the above problems, there is a need for a railroad freight car axle box turning apparatus and method. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a turning device and method for axle boxes of railway trucks, which can rapidly clamp axle box casting blanks needing turning, consider machining allowance for subsequent machining and improve machining efficiency and quality. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention relates to a turning device of a railway wagon axle box, which is used for turning axle holes and end faces of axle box casting blanks and comprises the following components: The main plate disc is vertically arranged on a four-jaw chuck of the lathe, is a rectangular plate and is clamped to the middle position of four sides by jaws; the two groups of support plate assemblies are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the front surface of the main plate disc, and the support plate assemblies are supported below the circular grooves and clamp the compression spring disc part through the compression screw; The side positioning blocks are arranged on the outer side of the supporting plate assembly in a matched mode, and the inner side walls of the side positioning blocks can position the end faces of the outer walls of the pressure spring disc parts; And the compression assembly compresses the axle box casting blank to the front surface of the main plate. Compared with the prior art, the three-jaw chuck is adopted to directly support the positioning mode of the axle hole of the truck, the clamping is firmer and more reliable, and compared with the mode of adopting the cylinder with taper to center the axle hole, the clamping mode of pressing the pressing plate is adopted to compress tightly, the three-jaw chuck is firmer, but the operation is very tedious, and the deflection condition is easy to occur. Moreover, the two clamping modes do not consider the problem that the pressure spring disc part easy to cast and deform reserves enough machining allowance, so that the scrapping condition is easy to occur in the later stage. According to the technical scheme, the actual use condition shows that the machining efficiency of the turning procedure is greatly improved, meanwhile, the problem that the residual quantity is insufficient and black skin remains when a subsequent machining center mills a round groove is solved. Further, the supporting plate assembly further comprises cushion blocks, the bottom surfaces of the cushion blocks are fixedly connected to the main supporting plate of the supporting plate assembly, the two cushion blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the compression screw, and the top surfaces of the cushion blocks are in contact with the bottom surfaces of the circular grooves. Further, the compression screw comprises a compression plate, the top end of the compression screw penetrates through the round hole and the middle hole of the compression plate and is in threaded connection with the lock nut, and two ends of t