CN-121988763-A - Numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism and control method

CN121988763ACN 121988763 ACN121988763 ACN 121988763ACN-121988763-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tool functional parts. The numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism comprises a fixed shell and a flat rotating disc body, wherein a main shaft is arranged in the fixed shell, a cutter handle is arranged at the upper end of the main shaft, the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with the flat rotating disc body, the numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism further comprises a differential gear train, a servo speed regulating mechanism and a radial feeding assembly arranged in the flat rotating disc body, the differential gear train comprises a planet carrier assembly, a planet gear shaft and a central gear, the central gear and the main shaft synchronously rotate, the planet gear shaft is rotatably arranged on the planet carrier assembly, a first planet gear meshed with the central gear is arranged on the planet gear shaft, the output end of the servo speed regulating mechanism is in driving connection with the planet carrier assembly, and the output end of the planet gear shaft is in driving connection with the input end of the radial feeding assembly. The invention no longer depends on the specific integer ratio relation which the gear teeth number must satisfy to ensure the motion relation, and the feeding performance is no longer limited by the power of the servo motor.

Inventors

CAI YUKUI
LI RUIQUAN
ZHANG QING
LIANG XIAOLIANG
LI XING
TANG YUNQING
CHEN LONG
LIU ZHANQIANG

Assignees

山东大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260409

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a numerical control flat rotating disk U axle mechanism, includes fixed shell (15) and flat rotating disk body (14), the inside of fixed shell (15) is provided with main shaft (2), the upper end of main shaft (2) is equipped with handle of a knife (1) that are used for being connected with the lathe, the lower extreme of main shaft (2) with flat rotating disk body (14) fixed connection, its characterized in that: The device also comprises a differential gear train, a servo speed regulating mechanism and a radial feeding assembly arranged in the flat rotating disc body (14); The differential gear train comprises a planet carrier assembly, at least one planet gear shaft and a central gear (4), wherein the planet carrier assembly is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft (2), the central gear (4) is sleeved on the main shaft (2) and rotates synchronously with the main shaft (2), the planet gear shaft is rotatably supported on the planet carrier assembly, a first planet gear (5) meshed with the central gear (4) is arranged on the planet gear shaft, the output end of the servo speed regulating mechanism is in driving connection with the planet carrier assembly and used for driving the planet carrier assembly to rotate around the axis of the main shaft (2), and the output end of the planet gear shaft is in driving connection with the input end of the radial feeding assembly.
2. The numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the planet carrier component is a composite gear sleeve sleeved on the main shaft (2) in an empty mode, a differential input gear (7) is fixed on the composite gear sleeve, and the output end of the servo speed regulating mechanism drives the composite gear sleeve to rotate through the differential input gear (7).
3. The numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the differential gear train further comprises a duplex gear set which is sleeved on the main shaft (2), a second planetary gear (8) is coaxially fixed on the planetary gear shaft, the duplex gear set comprises a transition gear (9) and a composite output gear (10), the transition gear (9) is meshed with the second planetary gear (8), a radial input gear (11) is arranged at the input end of the radial feeding assembly, and the radial input gear (11) is meshed with the composite output gear (10).
4. A digitally controlled flat disc U-axis mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the radial feed assembly is a planetary roller screw mechanism comprising a screw (13) and a nut seat (12) cooperating with the screw (13), the radial input gear (11) being fixed at one end of the screw (13).
5. The numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism according to claim 4, further comprising a balancing mechanism, wherein the balancing mechanism comprises a sliding block (22), a pinion (21) and a balancing weight (20), the sliding block (22) is fixed on the nut seat (12), rack portions are arranged on the sliding block (22) and the balancing weight (20), the sliding block (22) and the balancing weight (20) are respectively meshed with two sides of the pinion (21) through the respective rack portions, and when the sliding block (22) moves, the balancing weight (20) is driven to move reversely through the pinion (21).
6. The numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism according to claim 1, wherein two radial feeding assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the flat rotating disc body (14) relative to the main shaft (2), and cutter mounting positions are arranged on the two radial feeding assemblies.
7. The numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the servo speed regulating mechanism comprises a power input shaft (17), a first input gear (18), a second input gear (19), a power output shaft and a servo output gear (6) which are connected with a servo motor, wherein the first input gear (18) is installed on the power input shaft (17), the second input gear (19) is installed at one end of the power output shaft, the first input gear (18) is meshed with the second input gear (19), the other end of the power output shaft is provided with the servo output gear (6), and the servo output gear (6) is meshed with the differential input gear (7).
8. A control method of a numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized by comprising the steps of determining a target working mode according to machining requirements, and determining a target rotation speed based on the spindle (2) Target feed speed of the cutter (23) Differential gear ratio of the differential gear train The ratio of the resultant output gear (10) to the radial input gear (11) of the differential gear train The transmission ratio of the first input gear (18) to the second input gear (19) in the servo speed regulating mechanism And the transmission ratio of the servo output gear (6) and the differential input gear (7) Calculating to obtain the target rotating speed of the servo motor of the servo speed regulating mechanism According to the calculated target rotating speed of the servo motor And driving the servo motor to operate.
9. The control method of the numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the target working mode comprises one of the following three working modes: The first mode is to control the main shaft (2) not to rotate and drive the servo motor to rotate so as to realize radial feeding of the cutter (23); a second mode of controlling the spindle (2) to rotate while driving the servo motor to operate at a specific rotational speed so that the tool (23) revolves with the spindle (2) while having no radial feed motion; And the third mode is to control the spindle (2) to rotate and drive the servo motor to rotate at the same time so as to realize the compound motion of revolution and radial feeding of the cutter (23).
10. The control method of the numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the first mode, a target rotational speed of the main shaft (2) The target rotating speed of the servo motor Calculated from the following formula: Wherein, the A lead for a lead screw (13) of the radial feed assembly; in the second mode, the target rotation speed of the servo motor Calculated from the following formula: In the third mode, the target rotation speed of the servo motor Calculated from the following formula: 。

Description

Numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism and control method Technical Field The invention relates to a numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tool functional parts. Background The flat rotating disc is an important tool for processing end faces, inner hole grooves and conical surfaces of box parts. The conventional mechanical flat rotating disc has a complex structure, and continuous high-precision radial feeding is difficult to realize in the rotating process of the main shaft. In order to physically realize the sizing function, the conventional differential structure generally requires that the transmission ratio satisfies a specific constraint relation, and limits the free selection of the modulus and the number of teeth of the gear so that the transmission ratio satisfies a specific integer relation. The design of such ratios often requires the introduction of additional idler gears, multi-stage bevel gears, or non-standard modular gears, resulting in lengthy drive trains and high part count. The increase of parts not only improves the manufacturing cost, but also causes the gradual accumulation of the machining errors and assembly clearances of gears at all levels, and finally influences the dynamic balance performance of the flat rotating disc and the positioning precision of the cutter. And the specific relation that the transmission ratio satisfies leads to limited gear modulus, tooth number selection, difficult utilization of standard components, great processing and manufacturing difficulty and poor universality. The invention patent with application number 202311394709.X discloses a small-sized universal numerical control flat rotating disc and a using method thereof, wherein a multistage bevel gear transmission chain consisting of a synchronous bevel gear, a planetary bevel gear, a transition duplex bevel gear, a transition planetary bevel gear, a duplex bevel gear and the like is adopted, and a planet carrier is driven by an independent servo motor to generate differential speed, so that radial feeding of a cutter is realized. When the scheme is applied to a numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism, the structure belongs to a fixed transmission ratio series structure, the mechanical transmission ratio is fixed, the output torque and the feeding speed are locked by gear parameters, if large torque is obtained, a large diameter gear is needed to obtain a large reduction ratio, but the large diameter gear can lead to the flat rotating disc to be large in size and not suitable for the dynamic balance requirement of high-speed rotation, otherwise, if the structure is pursued to be compact, the reduction ratio is insufficient, and cutting with large feeding amount is difficult to drive. Secondly, the feeding resistance of the U-axis mechanism is totally borne by the servo motor, and the feeding performance is limited by the power of the servo motor. Disclosure of Invention The present invention aims to provide a new technical solution to improve or solve the technical problems existing in the prior art as described above. The technical scheme provided by the invention is that the numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism comprises a fixed shell and a flat rotating disc body, wherein a main shaft is arranged in the fixed shell, a cutter handle used for being connected with a machine tool is arranged at the upper end of the main shaft, the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with the flat rotating disc body, and the numerical control flat rotating disc U-axis mechanism also comprises a differential gear train, a servo speed regulating mechanism and a radial feeding assembly arranged in the flat rotating disc body; The differential gear train comprises a planet carrier assembly, at least one planet gear shaft and a sun gear, wherein the planet carrier assembly is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft in a hollow mode, the sun gear is sleeved on the main shaft and rotates synchronously with the main shaft, the planet gear shaft is rotatably supported on the planet carrier assembly and is provided with a first planet gear meshed with the sun gear, the output end of the servo speed regulating mechanism is in driving connection with the planet carrier assembly and is used for driving the planet carrier assembly to rotate around the axis of the main shaft, and the output end of the planet gear shaft is in driving connection with the input end of the radial feeding assembly. On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows. Further, the planet carrier component is a composite gear sleeve sleeved on the main shaft in an empty mode, a differential input gear is fixed on the composite gear sleeve, and the output end of the servo speed regulating mechanism drives the composite gear sleeve to rotate through the differential input gear. T