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CN-121988765-A - Gear shaft multi-station synchronous machining device of planetary reducer

CN121988765ACN 121988765 ACN121988765 ACN 121988765ACN-121988765-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear shaft multi-station synchronous machining device of a planetary reducer, which relates to the technical field of gear shaft lathe machining and comprises a synchronous clamping transmission assembly capable of realizing multi-station synchronous driving and clamping and a turning assembly capable of synchronously turning a plurality of gear shafts. According to the invention, through the integrated structure design of multi-station synchronous clamping transmission, multi-station synchronous turning and multi-station synchronous axial positioning, the one-time clamping, synchronous rotation driving and synchronous turning processing can be realized on the gear shafts of a plurality of planetary speed reducers, the utilization rate and batch processing efficiency of equipment are greatly improved, the whole production period is shortened, each clamping and rotating mechanism is synchronously driven by a central transmission gear, the synchronous clamping and the thimble positioning are matched, the dimensional deviation caused by manual repeated clamping is effectively eliminated, the processing precision and batch consistency of the gear shafts are obviously improved, the product percent of pass is improved, and the processing quality of subsequent procedures is ensured.

Inventors

  • LI YUANHENG
  • WANG LIJIAN
  • ZHANG CHUNLI
  • WANG ZHIJUN
  • WANG JIAJUN

Assignees

  • 深圳市三智传动设备有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260410

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The gear shaft multi-station synchronous machining device of the planetary reducer comprises a synchronous clamping transmission component (1) capable of realizing multi-station synchronous driving and clamping, a turning component (6) capable of synchronously turning a plurality of gear shafts (2), an axial positioning component (7) capable of synchronously axially propping and positioning the plurality of gear shafts (2), and a lathe control box (3), a chuck clamp (4) and a guide rail (5) for mounting and supporting, and is characterized in that the synchronous clamping transmission component (1) is slidably arranged on the guide rail (5) through a first supporting leg sliding rail (111), and the synchronous clamping transmission component (1) comprises a transmission shaft (103) for connecting lathe power, a central transmission gear (104) for realizing multi-station synchronous transmission, a plurality of clamping rotating mechanisms (105) for simultaneously clamping and driving the plurality of gear shafts (2) to rotate, an axial moving frame (106) and a thread adjusting cylinder (110) for driving each clamping rotating mechanism (105) to synchronously complete clamping actions; the turning assembly (6) is arranged on the guide rail (5) in a sliding manner through a second supporting leg sliding rail (606), and the turning assembly (6) comprises a threaded disc (603), a radial moving block (604) and a turning tool module (605) for realizing synchronous radial feeding of a multi-station tool; The axial positioning assembly (7) is arranged on the guide rail (5) in a sliding manner through a third supporting leg sliding rail (705), and the axial positioning assembly (7) comprises a thimble (703) and a radial sliding block (702) which are used for synchronously and centrally positioning the plurality of gear shafts (2); The synchronous clamping transmission assembly (1) can synchronously distribute single-shaft power to multiple stations and synchronously clamp and synchronously rotate the multiple gear shafts (2), the turning assembly (6) can synchronously cut and feed by matching with the multiple station positions, the axial positioning assembly (7) can synchronously axially position by matching with the multiple stations, and then the multiple gear shafts (2) can be synchronously clamped at one time and synchronously turned at multiple stations.
  2. 2. The multi-station synchronous processing device for the gear shaft of the planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein the synchronous clamping transmission assembly (1) further comprises a fixed frame (102), a shell (101), a guide rod (107), a movable push cylinder (108) and a thread moving plate (109); The transmission shaft (103) is rotatably arranged on the fixing frame (102) and fixedly connected with the central transmission gear (104), and the clamping and rotating mechanism (105) is meshed with the outer side of the central transmission gear (104) in a circumferential distribution manner.
  3. 3. The multi-station synchronous processing device for the gear shaft of the planetary reducer according to claim 2, wherein the clamping and rotating mechanism (105) comprises a pinion (1051), a hollow rotating shaft (1052), an axial moving cylinder (1053), an extrusion inclined block (1054), a fixed cylinder (1055), a fixed sliding plate (1056), a clamping block (1057) and a bearing (1058); The pinion (1051) is fixedly connected with the hollow rotating shaft (1052), the hollow rotating shaft (1052) is rotationally connected with the fixed frame (102) through a bearing (1058), and the clamping block (1057) is radially arranged in a sliding manner along the fixed sliding plate (1056).
  4. 4. The multi-station synchronous processing device for the gear shaft of the planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein the axial moving frame (106) is fixedly connected with the guide rod (107), the guide rod (107) is fixedly connected with the thread moving plate (109), the thread moving plate (109) is in threaded fit with the thread adjusting cylinder (110), and the thread adjusting cylinder (110) is rotatably arranged on the fixing frame (102).
  5. 5. The multi-station synchronous machining device for the gear shaft of the planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein the turning assembly (6) further comprises a fixed ring (601) and a first driving motor (602), the threaded disc (603) is rotatably arranged in the fixed ring (601), the first driving motor (602) drives the threaded disc (603) to rotate through a bevel gear set, and the radial moving block (604) is in threaded transmission fit with the threaded disc (603).
  6. 6. The multi-station synchronous machining device for the gear shaft of the planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein the axial positioning assembly (7) further comprises a support frame (701) and a second driving motor (704), the radial sliding block (702) is slidably arranged on the support frame (701), the second driving motor (704) drives the radial sliding block (702) to radially move through screw rod rotation, and the ejector pin (703) is arranged on the radial sliding block (702).
  7. 7. The multi-station synchronous machining device for the gear shaft of the planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein the first support leg sliding rail (111) and the third support leg sliding rail (705) are respectively provided with a locking piece for locking the position, and the second support leg sliding rail (606) is provided with a feeding driving module for driving the turning assembly (6) to axially feed.
  8. 8. The multi-station synchronous processing device for the gear shaft of the planetary reducer according to claim 3, wherein the extrusion inclined block (1054) is matched with the clamping block (1057) in an inclined plane manner and is connected with the clamping block in a sliding manner by adopting a T-shaped block, and the axial moving cylinder (1053) drives the extrusion inclined block (1054) to move axially so as to drive the clamping block (1057) to radially stretch and retract so as to clamp the gear shaft (2).
  9. 9. The multi-station synchronous machining device for the gear shaft of the planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein the end part of the transmission shaft (103) is in clamping fit with a chuck clamp (4), and the chuck clamp (4) is fixedly arranged on one side of a lathe control box (3).
  10. 10. The multi-station synchronous machining device for the gear shaft of the planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein the clamping and rotating mechanism (105), the turning tool module (605) and the ejector pins (703) are equal in number and coaxially arranged in one-to-one correspondence, so that multi-station synchronous centering machining is realized.

Description

Gear shaft multi-station synchronous machining device of planetary reducer Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of gear shaft lathe machining, in particular to a gear shaft multi-station synchronous machining device of a planetary reducer. Background The planetary reducer has the advantages of compact structure, large transmission ratio, strong bearing capacity and high transmission efficiency, and becomes an indispensable core transmission component in the fields of automatic equipment, engineering machinery, industrial robots, precise instruments and the like, the running stability and the transmission precision of the planetary reducer directly depend on the processing quality of internal core parts, wherein a gear shaft is used as a key component for transmitting power and guaranteeing the transmission precision, the processing precision, the surface roughness and the production efficiency of the planetary reducer not only influence the overall performance and the service life of the planetary reducer, but also are more directly related to the market competitiveness and the delivery cycle of products. In the whole manufacturing process of the planetary reducer gear shaft, turning is a crucial pre-working procedure, is also a core working procedure for determining the key dimensional accuracy of the gear shaft, is mainly used for processing key structures such as shaft journals, step surfaces, end surfaces, inner holes and threads of the gear shaft, and provides blanks or semi-finished products meeting the accuracy requirements for the subsequent working procedures such as gear tooth form processing (e.g. gear hobbing and gear shaping), heat treatment, grinding and the like, and the quality and efficiency of turning directly restrict the production progress and the product qualification rate of the whole gear shaft and even the planetary reducer. At present, conventional machining equipment such as a common horizontal lathe, a numerical control horizontal lathe and the like is generally adopted for turning the gear shaft of the planetary reducer in the industry, wherein the machining mode is single-shaft single-time clamping turning, specifically, an operator clamps a single gear shaft blank on a lathe spindle through a chuck, a center and other clamps during machining, after the machining position is adjusted, turning parameters (such as cutting speed, feeding amount, back cutting amount and the like) are set, the lathe is started to carry out turning, after all turning procedures are finished on the single gear shaft, a finished product is stopped and disassembled, scrap iron on a clamp is cleaned, the next gear shaft blank is clamped, and the clamping, adjusting, machining and disassembling processes are repeated, so that the turning of each gear shaft is sequentially finished. However, in the actual production process, the gear shafts of the planetary reducer often need to be produced in batches, hundreds of gear shafts, thousands of gear shafts and even tens of thousands of gear shafts, the existing single-shaft serial turning mode has a plurality of technical defects which are difficult to overcome, the production efficiency and the production cost control are seriously affected, the machining efficiency is extremely low, because a lathe can only machine a single gear shaft, when the batch machining is carried out, only a serial mode can be adopted, and a certain non-cutting auxiliary time is consumed when the machining of one gear shaft is finished, including the clamping, the dismounting, the clamp adjustment, the scrap iron cleaning, the fine adjustment of machining parameters and the like of a workpiece, the auxiliary time often occupies more than 30% of the whole machining period, and along with the increase of the batch scale, the auxiliary time is accumulated continuously, the whole machining period is greatly prolonged, and the delivery requirement of the batch production cannot be met. In addition, in a serial processing mode, the clamping of each gear shaft depends on manual operation, the consistency of manual clamping is difficult to ensure, deviation of processing sizes among different workpieces is easy to cause, the processing consistency and precision stability of the gear shafts are affected, the processing quality of subsequent procedures is further affected, the reject ratio of products is increased, meanwhile, the production takt can be prolonged due to long-time continuous serial processing, the overall productivity of the whole planetary reducer production line is restricted to be improved, and the current industry development trend of automatic and large-scale production cannot be matched. Disclosure of Invention Based on the above, the present invention aims to provide a gear shaft multi-station synchronous processing device of a planetary reducer, so as to solve the technical problems set forth in the above background art. In order to achieve the aim