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CN-121988817-A - Electric spark electrolytic composite machining integrated working solution filtering device and method

CN121988817ACN 121988817 ACN121988817 ACN 121988817ACN-121988817-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated working solution filtering device and method for electric spark electrolytic composite machining, and belongs to the technical field of electric machining. The device comprises a device box body, a multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit, an intelligent sensing and control system and a self-cleaning subsystem, wherein the multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit, the intelligent sensing and control system and the self-cleaning subsystem are arranged in the box body. The multi-layer gradient composite filter unit consists of a cyclone preseparation part, a rigid precise filter unit and a functional gradient fiber coalescence filter unit which are sequentially connected in series along the flowing direction of the working fluid and is used for synchronously removing solid scraps generated by electric spark machining and hydroxide floccules generated by electrolytic machining. The intelligent sensing and control system monitors the pollution degree and the pressure difference of each filtering unit in real time through a plurality of sensors, automatically triggers the self-cleaning subsystem according to preset logic, and respectively executes gas-liquid back flushing and bidirectional water flow alternate cleaning on the rigid precise filtering unit and the fiber coalescing filtering unit to realize the on-line maintenance of the key filtering element. The invention integrates heterogeneous pollutant filtering and intelligent self-cleaning functions into a single device, and has the advantages of high integration level, high filtering efficiency, convenient maintenance, strong process stability and the like.

Inventors

  • DONG XING
  • ZHANG QINGSONG
  • LI ZHONGYANG
  • WANG LIZHONG
  • ZHOU JIANPING

Assignees

  • 新疆大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260407

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The integrated working solution filtering device for electric spark electrolytic composite processing is characterized by comprising a device box body (1), a multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit, an intelligent sensing and control system and a self-cleaning subsystem; the device box body (1) is provided with a working fluid inlet (2), a purifying fluid outlet (3) and a total sewage outlet (4); The multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit is arranged in the device box body (1) and is sequentially communicated in series along the flowing direction of the working fluid and used for purifying the mixed polluted working fluid containing solid scraps generated by electric spark machining and hydroxide floccules generated by electrolytic machining step by step; the intelligent sensing and control system is used for monitoring the pollution parameters of the working solution and the working state of the multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit in real time and outputting control instructions; The self-cleaning subsystem is used for respectively cleaning at least two stages of filter layers in the multi-layer gradient composite filter unit on line.
  2. 2. The integrated working fluid filtering device for electric spark electrolytic composite processing as set forth in claim 1, wherein the multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit comprises a first-stage cyclone preseparation part (5), a second-stage rigid filtering unit (9) and a third-stage fiber coalescing filtering unit (10); The inlet of the first-stage cyclone preseparation part (5) is tangentially connected with the working fluid inlet (2) and is used for separating large-size solid particles through centrifugal sedimentation; The inlet of the second-stage rigid filtering unit (9) is connected with the overflow port of the first-stage cyclone preseparation part (5) and is used for intercepting medium-size solid particles; The inlet of the third stage fibrous coalescing filter element (10) is connected to the outlet of the second stage rigid filter element (9) for intercepting fine solid particles and promoting the coalescing adsorption of hydroxide flocs.
  3. 3. The integrated working solution filtering device for electric spark electrolytic composite processing is characterized in that a third-stage fiber coalescing filtering unit (10) adopts a fiber felt composite filter element with a functional gradient structure, the fiber felt composite filter element sequentially comprises a pre-filtering layer, a flocculation functional layer and a deep adsorption layer from a flow facing surface to a flow backing surface, and the flocculation functional layer adopts a fiber felt subjected to charge modification treatment and is used for promoting electrolytic hydroxide floccules with opposite charges to be coagulated and adsorbed and filtered through charge interaction.
  4. 4. The integrated working fluid filtering device for electric spark electrolytic composite processing according to claim 2, wherein the intelligent sensing and control system comprises an intelligent controller (17) and a plurality of sensors connected with the intelligent controller, wherein the plurality of sensors comprise turbidity sensors (11, 33) and conductivity sensors (12) arranged in the pipelines of the working fluid inlet (2) and the purifying fluid outlet (3), and pressure sensors (13, 14, 15, 16) arranged in front of and behind the second-stage rigid filtering unit (9) and the third-stage fiber coalescing filtering unit (10).
  5. 5. The integrated working fluid filtering device for electric spark electrolytic composite machining of claim 4, wherein the self-cleaning subsystem comprises a gas-liquid back flushing unit and a bidirectional water flow self-cleaning unit; The gas-liquid back flushing unit is connected to the outlet side of the second-stage rigid filtering unit (9) through a pipeline and is used for generating high-pressure gas-liquid two-phase flow to carry out back flushing on the high-pressure gas-liquid two-phase flow; The bidirectional water flow self-cleaning unit is connected to the inlet and the outlet of the third-stage fiber coalescing filter unit (10) through a reversible pipeline and is used for generating a cleaning water flow with alternating forward and reverse directions; the start and stop of the gas-liquid back flushing unit and the bidirectional water flow self-cleaning unit are automatically controlled by an intelligent controller (17) according to a preset threshold value or logic.
  6. 6. The integrated working solution filtering device for electric spark electrolytic composite machining according to claim 5, wherein the gas-liquid back flushing unit comprises a gas storage tank (19), a water pump, a gas-liquid mixer (22) and a control valve, the bidirectional water flow self-cleaning unit comprises a water pump (24), a multi-path control valve group (25) and a connecting pipeline, and cleaning solution adopted by the self-cleaning subsystem is directly taken from clean working solution purified by the multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit.
  7. 7. An integrated working fluid filter assembly for electro-spark composite machining according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the self-cleaning subsystem further comprises an ultrasonic assisted cleaning unit, the transducer (34) of which is arranged on the housing of the third stage fibrous coalescing filter unit (10) for applying ultrasonic vibrations while cleaning with bi-directional water flow.
  8. 8. A method of using the integrated working fluid filtration device of any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of: s1, tangentially entering a cyclone preseparation part (5) from mixed pollution working solution, and removing large-size solid particles through centrifugal sedimentation; S2, the pre-separated liquid sequentially flows through a second-stage rigid filter unit (9) and a third-stage fiber coalescing filter unit (10), medium-size solid particles are intercepted by the second-stage rigid filter unit (9), and interception of fine solid particles, charge neutralization coagulation and adsorption filtration of electrolytic hydroxide floccules are realized by a fiber felt composite filter element of the third-stage fiber coalescing filter unit (10); s3, monitoring the front-rear pressure difference of each filtering unit and the key parameters of the working fluid in real time through an intelligent sensing and control system, and uploading the pressure difference and the key parameters of the working fluid to an intelligent controller (17); and S4, when the monitoring parameters reach a preset threshold value, the intelligent controller (17) automatically controls the self-cleaning subsystem to perform online cleaning on the corresponding filter units, and the cleaned waste liquid is discharged into the waste collection tank (26).
  9. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the cleaning of the second stage rigid filter unit (9) in S4 is gas-liquid back flushing, gas-liquid two phases are uniformly sprayed to the surface of the filter medium through the nozzles (32) distributed in a spiral manner in the flushing process, the cleaning of the third stage fiber coalescing filter unit (10) is bidirectional water flow alternate cleaning, cleaning liquid circulates through the fiber felt composite filter element in a forward and reverse alternate mode, and the cleaning duration and the alternate times of each direction are dynamically adjusted by the intelligent controller (17) according to a preset program or real-time feedback.
  10. 10. The method according to claim 8, further comprising a cleaning effect evaluation step after S4, wherein the intelligent controller (17) re-connects the filter unit after the cleaning is completed and monitors the pressure difference, and if the recovery rate of the pressure difference is lower than a set value, the cleaning is repeated or a maintenance alarm is issued.

Description

Electric spark electrolytic composite machining integrated working solution filtering device and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electric machining, in particular to a working solution filtering device and method for electric spark electrolytic composite machining. Background Electric spark machining and electrolytic machining are two important special machining technologies, and are widely applied to the fields of aerospace, precision dies, medical appliances and the like. The electric spark processing etches away the material through pulse discharge to generate micron-level or even submicron-level solid metal scraps, and the electrolytic processing removes the material based on the anode dissolution principle to generate fluffy hydroxide floccules. In the electric spark electrolytic composite processing, two types of pollutants coexist in the working solution, and the higher requirements are set for a filtering system, namely, high-efficiency interception of compact solid particles and effective capture and removal of sticky floccules are required. In the prior art, two independent filter systems are adopted to treat two pollutants respectively, for example, a centrifugal filter or a paper tape filter is adopted to treat solid scraps, and a precipitation or filter pressing device is adopted to treat hydroxide floccules. The discrete scheme not only causes high equipment cost and large occupied area, but also has complex pipelines and difficult maintenance, and is difficult to meet the requirements of compound processing on the cleanliness of working solution and the process stability. In addition, the traditional filter device mostly lacks on-line self-cleaning function, and the filter element is required to be shut down, disassembled, cleaned or replaced after being blocked, so that the processing efficiency is seriously affected. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an electric spark electrolytic composite machining integrated working solution filtering device and method, so as to solve the technical problems. The invention provides an integrated working solution filtering device for electric spark electrolytic composite processing, which comprises a device box body, a multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit, an intelligent sensing and control system and a self-cleaning subsystem, wherein the device box body is provided with a working solution inlet, a purifying solution outlet and a total sewage draining outlet, the multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit is arranged in the device box body and is sequentially communicated in series along the flowing direction of the working solution and is used for carrying out step-by-step purification treatment on mixed polluted working solution containing solid fragments generated by electric spark processing and hydroxide floccules generated by electrolytic processing, the intelligent sensing and control system is used for monitoring pollution parameters of the working solution and working states of the multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit in real time and outputting control instructions, and the self-cleaning subsystem is used for respectively carrying out online cleaning on at least two stages of filtering layers in the multi-layer gradient composite filtering unit. The multi-layer gradient composite filter unit comprises a first-stage cyclone preseparation part, a second-stage rigid filter unit and a third-stage fiber coalescing filter unit, wherein an inlet of the first-stage cyclone preseparation part is tangentially connected with a working fluid inlet and is used for separating large-size solid particles through centrifugal sedimentation, an inlet of the second-stage rigid filter unit is connected with an overflow port of the first-stage cyclone preseparation part and is used for intercepting medium-size solid particles, and an inlet of the third-stage fiber coalescing filter unit is connected with an outlet of the second-stage rigid filter unit and is used for intercepting fine solid particles and promoting hydroxide floccules to be condensed and adsorbed. Preferably, the third-stage fiber coalescing filter unit adopts a fiber felt composite filter core with a functional gradient structure, the fiber felt composite filter core sequentially comprises a pre-filter layer, a flocculation functional layer and a deep adsorption layer from the upstream surface to the downstream surface, and the flocculation functional layer adopts a fiber felt subjected to charge modification treatment and is used for promoting electrolytic hydroxide floccules with opposite charges to aggregate through charge interaction and be adsorbed and filtered. Preferably, the intelligent sensing and control system comprises an intelligent controller and a plurality of sensors connected with the intelligent controller, wherein the plurality of sensors comprise turbidity sensors and conductivity sensors which are arr