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CN-121988831-A - Control method and system of gas shielded welding machine

CN121988831ACN 121988831 ACN121988831 ACN 121988831ACN-121988831-A

Abstract

The application provides a control method and a control system of a gas shielded welding machine, and relates to the technical field of gas shielded welding, wherein the method comprises the steps of responding to a first pressing instruction of a welding gun switch, controlling a wire feeder to rotate and judging whether an electric arc is ignited or not; the method comprises the steps of identifying the burning stage of an electric arc through a classification model after ignition to obtain an arcing state, a molten drop necking state and an arc pit filling state, then responding to a welding gun switch loosening instruction, entering a self-locking welding state, generating a current adjusting signal according to the arcing state and outputting the current adjusting signal to a welding power supply, generating a wire feeding adjusting signal according to the molten drop necking state and outputting the wire feeding adjusting signal to a wire feeding device, responding to a second pressing instruction of the welding gun switch in the self-locking welding state, entering an arc receiving welding state, adjusting welding power supply output parameters and wire feeding speed according to the arc pit filling state, and finally responding to the second loosening instruction of the welding gun switch, stopping wire feeding and outputting, and closing the protective gas in a delayed mode. The application improves the accuracy and stability of welding process control.

Inventors

  • LIU JIAHAO
  • YANG HUI
  • LAN XINGUO

Assignees

  • 天津市港丰智能装备有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260324

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method of controlling a gas shielded welding machine, comprising: Responding to an arc striking instruction that a welding gun switch is pressed and maintained for the first time, controlling a wire feeding device to rotate at a preset wire feeding speed, and judging whether a welding arc is successfully ignited or not based on an electric signal output by a welding power supply; After the welding arc is successfully ignited, identifying a combustion stage of the welding arc according to the electric signal, first state data of a wire feeder and second state data of a gas proportional valve through a preset classification model, and determining classification results corresponding to the combustion stage of the welding arc, wherein the classification results at least comprise an arcing state, a molten drop necking state and an arc pit filling state; Responding to a first welding instruction that the welding gun switch is loosened, controlling a welding machine to enter a self-locking welding state, generating a current adjusting signal through an arc length adjuster according to the arcing state and outputting the current adjusting signal to the welding power supply, and simultaneously generating a wire feeding adjusting signal through a wire feeding adjuster according to the molten drop necking state and outputting the wire feeding adjusting signal to the wire feeding device so as to cooperatively control the combustion of the welding arc and the feeding of welding wires; In the self-locking welding state, responding to an arc receiving trigger instruction of the second pressing of the welding gun switch, controlling the welding machine to enter an arc receiving welding state, and adjusting output parameters of the welding power supply and wire feeding speed of the wire feeding device according to the arc pit filling state; and responding to a welding end instruction of the second loosening of the welding gun switch, controlling the wire feeding device to stop wire feeding, controlling the welding power supply to stop outputting, and closing the shielding gas through the gas proportional valve in a delayed mode.
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a current adjustment signal via an arc length adjuster and outputting to the welding power source in accordance with the arcing condition, and generating a wire feed adjustment signal via a wire feed adjuster and outputting to the wire feeder in accordance with the droplet necking condition to cooperatively control combustion of the welding arc and delivery of welding wire, comprises: Generating a first current adjustment value through an arc length adjuster according to the arcing state in the classification result, and generating a first wire feeding speed value through a wire feeding adjuster according to the droplet necking state in the classification result; Inputting the classification result to a priority arbitration module, wherein the priority arbitration module determines a currently controlled dominant state according to the time sequence relation between the arcing state and the molten drop necking state; When the dominant state is the arcing state, outputting the first current adjustment value as a current adjustment signal to a welding power supply, and generating a wire feeding maintaining signal to be output to a wire feeding device, wherein the wire feeding maintaining signal is used for maintaining the current wire feeding speed of the wire feeding device unchanged; When the dominant state is the arcing state, outputting the first current adjustment value as a current adjustment signal to a welding power supply, and generating a wire feeding maintaining signal to be output to a wire feeding device, wherein the wire feeding maintaining signal is used for maintaining the current wire feeding speed of the wire feeding device unchanged; When the arcing state and the molten drop necking state coexist, determining a fusion proportion according to the evolution trend of the welding arc, converting the first current regulating value and the first wire feeding speed value into a current regulating signal and a wire feeding regulating signal respectively according to the fusion proportion, and correspondingly outputting the current regulating signal and the wire feeding regulating signal to the welding power supply and the wire feeding device.
  3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the inputting the classification result to a priority arbitration module that determines a currently controlled dominant state based on a time-sequential relationship of the arcing state and the droplet necking state comprises: inputting the classification result to a priority arbitration module, and acquiring a time stamp sequence corresponding to the classification result through a time sequence recording unit of the priority arbitration module, wherein the time stamp sequence is used for recording the time points of the arc burning state and the molten drop necking state, which are respectively identified; judging the occurrence sequence of the arcing state and the molten drop necking state in a preset time window according to the time stamp sequence by a time sequence comparison unit of the priority arbitration module; when the occurrence time of the arcing state is earlier than the occurrence time of the droplet necking state, determining that the dominant state is the arcing state by an arbitration decision unit of the priority arbitration module; when the appearance time of the molten drop necking state is earlier than the appearance time of the arcing state, determining that the leading state is the molten drop necking state by an arbitration decision unit of the priority arbitration module; When the arcing state and the droplet necking state are simultaneously identified in the preset time window, determining the dominant state according to the duration time of each arcing state and the droplet necking state in the preset time window by a weight distribution unit of the priority arbitration module, and transmitting a determination result to the arbitration decision unit.
  4. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to said generating a current adjustment signal by an arc length adjuster and outputting to said welding power source in accordance with said arcing condition, simultaneously generating a wire feed adjustment signal by a wire feed adjuster and outputting to said wire feeder in accordance with said droplet necking condition: acquiring the current flow parameter of the gas proportional valve; Taking the arcing state and the molten drop necking state in the classification result as query indexes, carrying out matching retrieval in a preset process parameter library to obtain a first target flow value corresponding to the arcing state and a second target flow value corresponding to the molten drop necking state, wherein the process parameter library stores mapping relations between different combustion stages and protective gas flow; Generating a flow regulation sequence according to the time sequence relation of the arcing state and the molten drop necking state in the classification result, wherein the flow regulation sequence is used for appointing the output sequence of the first target flow value and the second target flow value; generating a flow transition curve according to the flow regulation sequence and the current flow parameter by a flow gradual change control mechanism, wherein the flow transition curve is used for controlling the gas proportional valve to gradually adjust the flow of the protective gas from the current flow parameter to the first target flow value or the second target flow value at a preset change rate; And outputting a control signal to the gas proportional valve according to the flow transition curve.
  5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the classification result corresponding to the combustion phase of the welding arc comprises: acquiring the stability grade of the welding arc; Constructing a state observation sequence of a hidden Markov model according to a time sequence of state feature vectors, wherein each observation value in the state observation sequence corresponds to the state feature vector in a time window; decoding the state observation sequence through the hidden Markov model to obtain a state transition probability matrix and a state emission probability matrix, wherein the state transition probability matrix is used for describing the probability of transition of the welding arc between different combustion stages, and the state emission probability matrix is used for describing the probability of generating an observation value in the state observation sequence in each combustion stage; Combining the stability level, the first state data, the second state data and the current state probability distribution in the state transition probability matrix to form a classified input vector; and inputting the classified input vector into a support vector machine classifier, and outputting a corresponding class label by the support vector machine classifier according to the position of the classified input vector in a high-dimensional feature space, wherein the class label is used as a classification result, and the classification result comprises an arcing state, a molten drop necking state and an arc pit filling state.
  6. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein after successfully igniting the welding arc, identifying a combustion phase of the welding arc from the electrical signal, the first state data of the wire feeder, and the second state data of the gas proportional valve by a preset classification model comprises: extracting a voltage waveform and a current waveform from the electrical signal; Performing time domain segmentation on the voltage waveform and the current waveform to obtain segment data corresponding to each stage from the formation of the molten drops to the falling-off; constructing a state feature vector according to the fragment data, wherein the state feature vector is used for representing the electrical characteristics of the welding arc at the current moment; combining the state characteristic vector with the first state data and the second state data to form an input vector; And inputting the input vector to a welding industrial personal computer, and matching the input vector by utilizing a waveform map preset in the welding industrial personal computer so as to determine the combustion stage of the welding arc.
  7. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein in the self-locking welding state, in response to an arc-accepting trigger command that the gun switch is pressed a second time, controlling the welder to enter an arc-accepting welding state, adjusting an output parameter of the welding power source and a wire feed speed of the wire feeder according to the crater filling state comprises: acquiring a filling progress parameter corresponding to the filling state of the arc pit, wherein the filling progress parameter is used for representing the degree of filling of the current arc pit; determining a current target control stage from a plurality of preset control stages according to the filling progress parameters, wherein each control stage corresponds to a group of welding power supply output parameters and a reference value of wire feeding speed; Generating a first arc receiving current reference value and a first arc receiving wire feeding reference value according to the reference value corresponding to the target control stage; generating a current attenuation coefficient and a wire feeding attenuation coefficient according to the evolution trend from the arc pit filling state to the arc quenching state corresponding to the welding end instruction in the classification result; Multiplying the first arc-receiving current reference value by the current attenuation coefficient to obtain an arc-receiving current adjusting signal, and outputting the arc-receiving current adjusting signal to the welding power supply to replace the current adjusting signal generated according to the arcing state; And multiplying the first arc-receiving wire feeding reference value by the wire feeding attenuation coefficient to obtain an arc-receiving wire feeding regulating signal, and outputting the arc-receiving wire feeding regulating signal to the wire feeding device so as to replace the wire feeding regulating signal generated according to the molten drop necking state.
  8. 8. A control system for a gas shielded welding machine, comprising: the control module is used for responding to an arc striking instruction of the welding gun switch which is pressed and maintained for the first time, controlling the wire feeder to rotate at a preset wire feeding speed, and judging whether the welding arc is successfully ignited or not based on an electric signal output by a welding power supply; The identification module is used for identifying the combustion stage of the welding arc according to the electric signal, the first state data of the wire feeder and the second state data of the gas proportional valve through a preset classification model after the welding arc is successfully ignited, and determining a classification result corresponding to the combustion stage of the welding arc, wherein the classification result at least comprises an arcing state, a molten drop necking state and an arc pit filling state; the generation module is used for responding to a first welding instruction that the welding gun switch is loosened, controlling the welding machine to enter a self-locking welding state, generating a current adjusting signal through an arc length adjuster according to the arcing state and outputting the current adjusting signal to the welding power supply, and simultaneously generating a wire feeding adjusting signal through a wire feeding adjuster according to the molten drop necking state and outputting the wire feeding adjusting signal to the wire feeding device so as to cooperatively control the combustion of the welding arc and the feeding of welding wires; the adjusting module is used for responding to an arc-collecting triggering instruction of the second pressing of the welding gun switch in the self-locking welding state, controlling the welding machine to enter an arc-collecting welding state, and adjusting the output parameters of the welding power supply and the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding device according to the arc pit filling state; And the response module is used for responding to a welding end instruction of the second loosening of the welding gun switch, controlling the wire feeding device to stop wire feeding, controlling the welding power supply to stop outputting, and closing the shielding gas through the gas proportional valve in a delayed mode.
  9. 9. An electronic device, comprising: A memory for storing a computer program; A processor for implementing the steps of the method for controlling a gas shielded welding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
  10. 10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored therein a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is capable of realizing the control method of a gas shielded welding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Control method and system of gas shielded welding machine Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of gas shielded welding, in particular to a control method and a control system of a gas shielded welding machine. Background The gas shielded welding machine is used as key welding equipment in modern industrial manufacturing, is widely applied to the fields of automobile manufacturing, ship building, steel structure processing and the like, the advantages and disadvantages of the control method directly affect welding quality and production efficiency, and along with the continuous improvement of requirements on welding precision and automation degree in manufacturing industry, the development of a more intelligent welding machine control strategy has become an important direction of industry attention. In the existing welding machine control technology, after an operator sends out an arc starting instruction through a welding gun switch, a control system drives a wire feeding mechanism to convey welding wires at a constant speed and synchronously output welding voltage, an arc is maintained to burn stably through preset welding parameters in the welding process, when arc is required to be received, the operator operates the welding gun switch again, the control system reduces welding current and wire feeding speed according to the preset arc receiving parameters to complete arc pit filling, and the whole welding process depends on time sequence operation of the operator on the welding gun switch to trigger different control stages. However, the control mode based on the switch time sequence triggering and parameter presetting is difficult to adapt to the dynamic change of droplet transition in the welding process, when the arc burning stage and the droplet necking stage are alternately arranged, response delay often exists in the adjustment of welding current and wire feeding speed, so that the stability of an arc is reduced and the splashing is increased, and meanwhile, the problem that the arc pit is not filled or overfilled easily occurs because the real-time filling state of the arc pit cannot be sensed in the arc burning stage. Therefore, the prior art has the technical problem of insufficient control precision of the welding process. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a control method and a control system of a gas shielded welding machine, which are used for solving the problems of low accuracy and poor stability of welding process control in the prior art. In order to solve the above technical problems, in a first aspect, the present application provides a control method of a gas shielded welding machine, including: Responding to an arc striking instruction that a welding gun switch is pressed and maintained for the first time, controlling a wire feeding device to rotate at a preset wire feeding speed, and judging whether a welding arc is successfully ignited or not based on an electric signal output by a welding power supply; After the welding arc is successfully ignited, identifying a combustion stage of the welding arc according to the electric signal, first state data of a wire feeder and second state data of a gas proportional valve through a preset classification model, and determining classification results corresponding to the combustion stage of the welding arc, wherein the classification results at least comprise an arcing state, a molten drop necking state and an arc pit filling state; Responding to a first welding instruction that the welding gun switch is loosened, controlling a welding machine to enter a self-locking welding state, generating a current adjusting signal through an arc length adjuster according to the arcing state and outputting the current adjusting signal to the welding power supply, and simultaneously generating a wire feeding adjusting signal through a wire feeding adjuster according to the molten drop necking state and outputting the wire feeding adjusting signal to the wire feeding device so as to cooperatively control the combustion of the welding arc and the feeding of welding wires; In the self-locking welding state, responding to an arc receiving trigger instruction of the second pressing of the welding gun switch, controlling the welding machine to enter an arc receiving welding state, and adjusting output parameters of the welding power supply and wire feeding speed of the wire feeding device according to the arc pit filling state; and responding to a welding end instruction of the second loosening of the welding gun switch, controlling the wire feeding device to stop wire feeding, controlling the welding power supply to stop outputting, and closing the shielding gas through the gas proportional valve in a delayed mode. In a second aspect, the present application provides a control system for a gas shielded welder, comprising: the control module is used for responding to an arc striking instruction of the welding gun switch