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CN-121988876-A - Contact type and non-contact type ultrasonic combined auxiliary laser welding platform

CN121988876ACN 121988876 ACN121988876 ACN 121988876ACN-121988876-A

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of laser welding, and particularly relates to a contact type and non-contact type ultrasonic combined auxiliary laser welding platform. The application realizes multi-scale cooperative regulation and control of the solidification process of the molten pool by integrating the contact type ultrasonic assembly and the non-contact type ultrasonic assembly in the laser welding platform and enabling the sound field action center of the non-contact type ultrasonic assembly and the laser beam action center to be at least partially overlapped on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the contact type ultrasonic assembly is used for effectively breaking dendrites and promoting bubble escape through high-frequency mechanical vibration applied to the bottom of the workpiece, and the non-contact type ultrasonic assembly is used for carrying out dynamic sound field intervention on the surface layer of the molten pool and a heat affected zone of the molten pool on the premise of no physical interference so as to further refine grains and inhibit thermal cracking. The advantages of the two are complementary, the compactness, the tissue uniformity and the mechanical property of the welding seam are obviously improved, and meanwhile, the process adaptability and the system stability of the workpiece with the complex structure are considered.

Inventors

  • LI QI
  • ZHENG WENJIAN
  • FENG DAOCHEN
  • WANG WENJUN
  • ZHOU HAO
  • ZHENG YIFEI

Assignees

  • 浙江工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260309

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The contact type and non-contact type ultrasonic combined auxiliary laser welding platform comprises a working platform (200) used for fixing a workpiece (100) to be welded, a laser processing head (300) used for carrying out laser welding on the workpiece (100) to be welded, and a multi-axis motion driving system (400) used for regulating and controlling the spatial position of the laser processing head (300), wherein a contact type ultrasonic assembly (500) used for applying mechanical vibration to the workpiece (100) to be welded is fixedly arranged on the working platform (200), and the laser welding platform is characterized by further comprising a non-contact type ultrasonic assembly (600), the action center of the non-contact type ultrasonic assembly (600) at least partially coincides with the action center of a light beam of the laser processing head (300) on the surface of the workpiece (100) to be welded, and the non-contact type ultrasonic assembly (600) is not connected with the workpiece (100) to be welded.
  2. 2. The ultrasonic combined contact and noncontact assisted laser welding platform according to claim 1, wherein the noncontact ultrasonic assembly (600) is fixedly mounted on one side of a protective mirror (310) of the laser processing head (300) close to the workpiece (100) to be welded, and the noncontact ultrasonic assembly (600) forms an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with a central optical axis of the laser processing head (300).
  3. 3. The ultrasonic combined contact and noncontact assisted laser welding platform of claim 1 wherein the laser processing head (300) is connected to a fiber laser (700) by a transmission fiber, the laser welding platform further being equipped with a refrigeration assembly (800) for thermally managing the fiber laser (700) to maintain its operation.
  4. 4. The contact and non-contact ultrasonic combined auxiliary laser welding platform according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of mounting holes (210) are formed in the bottom of the working platform (200), and the contact ultrasonic assembly (500) is fixed on one side of the working platform (200) away from the workpiece (100) to be welded through the mounting holes (210) by fasteners (510).
  5. 5. A contact and non-contact ultrasonic combined auxiliary laser welding platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser welding platform comprises a temperature measurement camera (900) for monitoring the temperature field distribution of the welding area of the workpiece (100) to be welded in real time, the temperature measurement camera (900) being arranged independently of the working platform (200).
  6. 6. The ultrasonic-assisted laser welding platform of claim 1, including a solder delivery assembly (1000) fixedly disposed on said laser processing head (300), said solder delivery assembly (1000) including a wire feed wheel (1100), and a wire feed nozzle (1200) for delivering solder on said wire feed wheel (1100) over said workpiece (100).
  7. 7. A combined contact and non-contact ultrasonic assisted laser welding platform according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a clamping plate (2000) for clamping the end of the work piece (100) to be welded, said clamping plate (2000) being connected to the work platform (200) by means of a locking member (2100) and forming a clamping groove therebetween for positioning and fixing the work piece (100) to be welded.
  8. 8. The combined contact and noncontact ultrasonic assisted laser welding platform according to claim 7, wherein the contact ultrasonic assembly (500) is fixedly arranged on the clamping plate (2000), and ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the workpiece (100) in a form of mechanical force by clamping the workpiece (100) by cooperation of the clamping plate (2000) and the working platform (200).
  9. 9. The ultrasonic combined auxiliary laser welding platform of claim 1, wherein the working platform (200) is mounted on the platform body (4000) through a fixing assembly (3000), the fixing assembly (3000) comprises at least two vertical supporting frames (3100) and at least one transverse stabilizing frame (3200), two ends of the supporting frames (3100) are respectively and rigidly connected with the platform body (4000) and the working platform (200), and the stabilizing frames (3200) are connected with adjacent supporting frames (3100) and are fixedly connected with the platform body (4000).
  10. 10. The ultrasonic-assisted laser welding platform of claim 1, further comprising a control system electrically connected to the laser processing head (300), the multi-axis motion drive system (400), the non-contact ultrasonic assembly (600) and the contact ultrasonic assembly (500).

Description

Contact type and non-contact type ultrasonic combined auxiliary laser welding platform Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of laser welding, and particularly relates to a contact type and non-contact type ultrasonic combined auxiliary laser welding platform. Background Laser welding has become a key connection technology in the fields of aerospace, new energy automobiles, precision manufacturing and the like by virtue of the characteristics of high energy density and high thermal efficiency. However, the rapid fusing process of the technology causes extremely high temperature gradient in a molten pool, is easy to cause defects such as air holes, hot cracks and the like, and promotes the formation of coarse columnar crystals, thereby restricting the improvement of the mechanical property and the reliability of the welding seam. To overcome these limitations, ultrasonic-assisted techniques have been introduced into laser welding processes. For example, patent application number 202320330308.7 discloses an ultrasonic-assisted laser processing device, in which an ultrasonic vibration device (comprising an ultrasonic generator and a transducer) is fixed on a fixing frame below a sliding table, and an amplitude transformer of the transducer passes through a perforation on the sliding table and is always elastically abutted against the bottom of a substrate moving along with the sliding table, so that synchronous ultrasonic excitation of the moving substrate is realized under the condition that the laser head is fixed, and the effect is that high-frequency mechanical vibration is directly acted on a solid-liquid interface of a welding joint region, so that strong mechanical disturbance is utilized to break growing columnar crystal branches, promote forced convection of metal liquid in a molten pool and accelerate detachment and escape of bubbles, and meanwhile, vibration energy is transmitted to a solidification front edge to effectively inhibit thermal crack initiation and refine grain structure, thereby remarkably improving compactness and mechanical property of the welding joint. However, the vibration energy of the ultrasonic vibration device in the above patent is remarkably attenuated when being transmitted inside the workpiece, and it is difficult to ensure uniformity of the effect particularly on large-sized or complex curved surface members. In addition, because the ultrasonic excitation depends on continuous elastic contact between the amplitude transformer and the bottom surface of the workpiece, higher requirements are put on the workpiece clamping mode, the surface flatness and the stability of the motion track, and the ultrasonic excitation is easily limited by structures and process interference in practical industrial application, so that the universality and the reliability of the ultrasonic auxiliary technology in a welding scene with a complex geometric configuration are restricted. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a laser welding platform capable of improving the mechanical properties of welding seams, which is realized by the following technical scheme: The contact type and non-contact type ultrasonic combined auxiliary laser welding platform comprises a working platform for fixing a workpiece to be welded, a laser processing head for carrying out laser welding on the workpiece to be welded, and a multi-axis motion driving system for regulating and controlling the spatial position of the laser processing head, wherein a contact type ultrasonic assembly for applying mechanical vibration to the workpiece to be welded is fixedly arranged on the working platform, the laser welding platform further comprises a non-contact type ultrasonic assembly, the action center of the non-contact type ultrasonic assembly is at least partially overlapped with the action center of a light beam of the laser processing head on the surface of the workpiece to be welded, and the non-contact type ultrasonic assembly is not connected with the workpiece to be welded. Preferably, the non-contact ultrasonic assembly is fixedly arranged on one side of the protective lens of the laser processing head, which is close to the workpiece to be welded, and forms an included angle of 30-60 degrees with the central optical axis of the laser processing head. Preferably, the laser processing head is connected to a fiber laser through a transmission fiber, and the laser welding platform is further provided with a refrigeration assembly for thermally managing the fiber laser to maintain operation thereof. Preferably, the bottom of the working platform is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the contact type ultrasonic assembly is fixed on one side, away from the workpiece to be welded, of the working platform through the mounting holes by a fastener. Preferably, the laser welding platform comprises a temperature measuring camera for monitoring the temperature field distribution of the w