CN-121988884-A - Laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed rail vehicles

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed rail vehicles, which comprises the following steps of pre-welding preparation, welding process and post-welding treatment, wherein the welding process is performed through an outer welding mechanism and an inner welding mechanism which are arranged, the outer welding mechanism also comprises an outer adjusting assembly, the inner welding mechanism also comprises an inner adjusting assembly, the welding assembly comprises a limiting cylinder which is fixedly arranged, a second fine adjustment cylinder is slidingly arranged on the inner side of the limiting cylinder, a welding fixed cylinder is rotationally arranged on the outer side of the second fine adjustment cylinder, a rotating disc is rotationally connected on the outer side of the welding fixed cylinder, a bearing support plate is slidingly arranged on the inner side of the rotating disc, a plurality of electromagnetic coils are arranged on the outer side of a welding end of a laser welding head in a circumferential array motion mode, and the infinity swing of the laser welding head and the rotating magnetic field of the electromagnetic coils cooperate to perform three-dimensional stirring on a molten pool, so that the sealing performance and strength of a welding seam are effectively exhausted, and grains are refined.

Inventors

• GU WEN
• WANG PING

Assignees

• 南京纳格铝业有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260409

Claims (10)

1. 1. The laser welding preparation process for the sealing connection of the multi-cavity aluminum profile of the high-speed railway vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, preparing before welding, namely milling the welding parts of two multi-cavity carriages at a high speed, cleaning and drying, conveying the multi-cavity carriages to a welding area by using a feeding rail and a feeding carrier vehicle, and accurately aligning each cavity of the two multi-cavity carriages by using a peripheral welding tool; S2, in the welding process, two surfaces inside and outside the multi-cavity carriage are synchronously welded by using an outer welding mechanism and an inner welding mechanism which are arranged, and the welding assembly can reduce metal splashing and air bubbles in a key hole in the welding process; S3, performing postweld treatment, namely performing heat treatment on a weld joint area, eliminating stress, and performing flaw detection on the weld joint.
2. 2. The laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed rail vehicles, according to claim 1, wherein the outer welding mechanism and the inner welding mechanism comprise welding assemblies, and the welding assemblies comprise laser welding heads, and the laser welding preparation process is characterized in that the outer welding mechanism further comprises outer adjusting assemblies, the outer adjusting assemblies comprise outer lifting seats which are symmetrically and fixedly arranged, arc-shaped gear rails are symmetrically and slidingly arranged on the two outer lifting seats in the vertical direction, a movable seat is movably arranged on the arc-shaped gear rails, and the welding assemblies of the outer welding mechanisms are arranged at the bottoms of the movable seats; The inner welding mechanism further comprises an inner adjusting assembly, the inner adjusting assembly comprises an inner welding rail which is fixedly arranged, an inner welding lifting rail is arranged on the inner welding rail in a moving mode, the inner welding lifting rail can rotate, a direction adjusting arm is arranged on the inner welding lifting rail in a moving mode in the vertical direction, the angle of the direction adjusting arm can be adjusted, and the welding assembly of the inner welding mechanism is arranged at the end portion of the direction adjusting arm; The welding assembly comprises a limiting cylinder which is fixedly arranged, a second fine adjustment cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the limiting cylinder in a sliding mode, a welding fixed cylinder is arranged on the outer side of the second fine adjustment cylinder in a rotating mode, a rotating disc is connected to the outer side of the welding fixed cylinder in a rotating mode, a bearing support plate is arranged on the inner side of the rotating disc in a sliding mode, the bearing support plate is fixedly connected with a laser welding head, a plurality of electromagnetic coils are arranged on the outer side of the welding end of the laser welding head in a circular array mode in a moving mode, and the electromagnetic coils are used for eliminating bubbles in a key hole.
3. 3. The laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed railway vehicles according to claim 2, wherein feeding rails are symmetrically arranged between the two outer lifting seats, two feeding loading vehicles are movably arranged on the feeding rails, and multi-cavity carriages are mounted at the tops of the two feeding loading vehicles.
4. 4. The laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed rail vehicles according to claim 2, wherein the outer adjusting assembly further comprises an outer lifting motor fixedly installed on the outer side of an outer lifting seat, a driven counter gear is rotationally connected to the inner top of the outer lifting seat, a driving counter gear is rotationally connected to the inner bottom of the outer lifting seat, lifting chains are symmetrically sleeved and connected between the driven counter gear and the driving counter gear, two lifting chains are fixedly connected with lifting support plates, a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer lifting seat, and the sliding rod and the lifting chains slide relatively.
5. 5. The laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed railway vehicles according to claim 4, wherein the two lifting support plates are fixedly connected with two arc-shaped gear rails, a movable seat is slidably arranged on the two arc-shaped gear rails, the inner side of the movable seat is symmetrically and rotatably connected with a movable gear, the movable gear is meshed with the arc-shaped gear rails, a movable motor is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the movable seat, and the output end of the movable motor is in transmission connection with the movable gear.
6. 6. The laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed rail vehicles according to claim 2, wherein the inner adjusting assembly further comprises a linear motor arranged on an inner welding rail in a moving manner, a steering slave gear is rotationally connected to the top of the linear motor, a steering motor is fixedly connected to the outer side of the linear motor, a steering master gear is connected to the output end of the steering motor in a transmission manner, the steering master gear and the steering slave gear are meshed with each other, and the inner welding lifting rail is fixedly installed on the top of the steering slave gear.
7. 7. The laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed railway vehicles according to claim 6, wherein an inner lifting motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the inner welding lifting rail, an inner welding lifting screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the inner welding lifting rail, the output end of the inner lifting motor is in transmission connection with the inner welding lifting screw rod, a connecting seat is in threaded connection with the outer side of the inner welding lifting screw rod, the connecting seat is arranged on the inner side of the inner welding lifting rail in a sliding manner, an inner steering motor is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the connecting seat, a steering arm is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting seat, and the output end of the inner steering motor is fixedly connected with the steering arm.
8. 8. The laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed rail vehicles according to claim 2, wherein the welding assembly further comprises a limiting cylinder and a fine adjustment motor which are fixedly arranged, the limiting cylinder and the fine adjustment motor of the outer adjustment assembly are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the movable seat, and the limiting cylinder and the fine adjustment motor of the inner adjustment assembly are fixedly arranged at the end part of the direction-adjusting arm; The inside of a spacing section of thick bamboo is spacing to slide and is provided with first fine setting section of thick bamboo, the spacing slip of second fine setting section of thick bamboo sets up the inboard at first fine setting section of thick bamboo, the output fixed mounting of fine setting motor has first fine setting lead screw, first fine setting lead screw and first fine setting section of thick bamboo threaded connection, the spacing slip in the outside of first fine setting lead screw is provided with the second fine setting lead screw, threaded connection between second fine setting lead screw and the second fine setting section of thick bamboo, the inboard rotation of first fine setting section of thick bamboo is connected with the swivel becket, swivel becket and second fine setting lead screw fixed connection.
9. 9. The laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed railway vehicles according to claim 8, wherein the end part of the second fine adjustment cylinder is fixedly connected with a fixed bearing seat, the inner side of the fixed bearing seat is rotationally connected with a connecting lug, the outer side of the fixed bearing seat is fixedly provided with an adjusting motor, the output end of the adjusting motor is fixedly connected with the connecting lug, and the connecting lug is fixedly connected with a welding fixed cylinder; The welding steering motor is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the welding fixed cylinder, the output end of the welding steering motor is fixedly mounted with the rotating disc, limiting plates are symmetrically and fixedly connected on the inner side of the rotating disc, an auxiliary screw rod which is rotationally connected with the rotating disc is arranged between the limiting plates, the auxiliary screw rod is in threaded connection with the bearing support plate, the bearing support plate and the two limiting plates slide relatively, a first auxiliary motor is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the rotating disc, and the output end of the first auxiliary motor is fixedly connected with the auxiliary screw rod.
10. 10. The laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed rail vehicles according to claim 9, wherein an installation cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer side of the laser welding head, a first electrode ring and a second electrode ring are fixedly connected to the inner side of the installation cylinder, a rotating plate is rotatably connected to the inner side of the installation cylinder, an auxiliary gear ring is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rotating plate, a second auxiliary motor is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the installation cylinder, an auxiliary main gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second auxiliary motor, and the auxiliary main gear is meshed with the auxiliary gear ring; The inside circumference equidistance slip of first electrode ring is provided with a plurality of first electrode posts, the inside circumference equidistance slip of second electrode ring is provided with a plurality of second electrode posts, second electrode post and first electrode post all with rotor plate fixed connection, first electrode post and second electrode post extend to the one end and the solenoid electric connection in the installation section of thick bamboo outside.

Description

Laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed rail vehicles Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of multi-cavity welding of high-speed railway vehicles, in particular to a laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of multi-cavity aluminum profiles of high-speed railway vehicles. Background The multi-cavity welding of the high-speed railway vehicle is a core technology for manufacturing the high-speed railway lightweight aluminum alloy vehicle body. The ultra-large section profile is characterized in that the interior of the ultra-large section profile is divided into a plurality of independent chambers like a honeycomb, butt joint is carried out on the end faces, complete sealing connection is realized, and the weld joint of each chamber butt joint is ensured to be completely melted through in the deep part without defects, so that the absolute air tightness and the high structural strength of the vehicle body are realized. When the traditional welding process (taking widely applied high-efficiency MIG welding as an example) is used for connecting high-speed rail multi-cavity aluminum profiles, a compact Al 2O3 oxide film on the surface of an aluminum alloy is extremely easy to absorb moisture, the traditional arc welding heat is relatively dispersed, the oxide film is not easy to thoroughly remove, and at high temperature, crystallization water, oil stains and the like in the oxide film are separated to generate hydrogen. Because the solubility of hydrogen in liquid aluminum is far higher than that of solid aluminum, hydrogen can not escape and is trapped in the process of quick solidification of a molten pool to form a keyhole, and the traditional welding lacks active intervention on the solidification process of the molten pool and can not effectively promote the floating and discharge of bubbles, the laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of the multi-cavity aluminum profile of the high-speed railway vehicle is provided for solving the problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a laser welding preparation process for sealing connection of a multi-cavity aluminum profile of a high-speed railway vehicle. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the laser welding preparation process for the sealing connection of the multi-cavity aluminum profile of the high-speed railway vehicle comprises the following steps of: s1, preparing before welding, namely milling the welding parts of two multi-cavity carriages at a high speed, cleaning and drying, conveying the multi-cavity carriages to a welding area by using a feeding rail and a feeding carrier vehicle, and accurately aligning each cavity of the two multi-cavity carriages by using a peripheral welding tool; S2, in the welding process, two surfaces inside and outside the multi-cavity carriage are synchronously welded by using an outer welding mechanism and an inner welding mechanism which are arranged, and the welding assembly can reduce metal splashing and air bubbles in a key hole in the welding process; S3, performing postweld treatment, namely performing heat treatment on a weld joint area, eliminating stress, and performing flaw detection on the weld joint. The outer welding mechanism and the inner welding mechanism both comprise welding assemblies, the welding assemblies comprise laser welding heads, the outer welding mechanism further comprises outer adjusting assemblies, the outer adjusting assemblies comprise outer lifting seats which are symmetrically and fixedly arranged, arc gear rails are symmetrically and slidingly arranged on the two outer lifting seats in the vertical direction, movable seats are movably arranged on the arc gear rails, and the welding assemblies of the outer welding mechanism are arranged at the bottoms of the movable seats; The inner welding mechanism further comprises an inner adjusting assembly, the inner adjusting assembly comprises an inner welding rail which is fixedly arranged, an inner welding lifting rail is arranged on the inner welding rail in a moving mode, the inner welding lifting rail can rotate, a direction adjusting arm is arranged on the inner welding lifting rail in a moving mode in the vertical direction, the angle of the direction adjusting arm can be adjusted, and the welding assembly of the inner welding mechanism is arranged at the end portion of the direction adjusting arm; The welding assembly comprises a limiting cylinder which is fixedly arranged, a second fine adjustment cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the limiting cylinder in a sliding mode, a welding fixed cylinder is arranged on the outer side of the second fine adjustment cylinder in a rotating mode, a rotating disc is connected to the outer side of the welding fixed cylinder in a rotating mode, a bearing