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CN-121988997-A - Manufacturing method of drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter

CN121988997ACN 121988997 ACN121988997 ACN 121988997ACN-121988997-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter, which comprises the following steps of 1, relief grinding a basic umbrella-shaped conical surface; the invention has the advantages that the drilling and milling reaming composite hole processing cutter prepared by the manufacturing method has the advantages that the coaxiality error control of a basic umbrella-shaped conical surface and a central drilling tip is less than or equal to 0.01mm, the radial runout limit of the whole working procedure is less than or equal to 0.008mm, the formula accurate regulation and control of the central drilling vertex angle 2< DEG > = 120 >, the chisel edge bevel phi = 50-55 DEG and the relief grinding quantity is matched with the ratio adaptation of the central drilling relief grinding quantity k and the reaming finish reaming allowance (1.2-2.0): 1, the consistency of the cutter centering guiding precision and each functional section is remarkably improved, the positioning deviation of the traditional sequential manufacturing is effectively eliminated, and the size precision of the processing hole is stable to IT 9-IT 7 grade.

Inventors

  • JIAO YUHUA
  • YANG FAN
  • WU MINYING

Assignees

  • 江苏爵克数控刀具有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260402

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The manufacturing method of the drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Step 1, relief grinding a basic umbrella-shaped conical surface: Taking the axis of a cutter blank as a reference, carrying out relief grinding to form an umbrella-shaped conical surface with a back angle, wherein the value of the back angle alpha p of the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped conical surface is 8-12 degrees, and the coaxiality error of the umbrella-shaped conical surface and a subsequent center drill point is less than or equal to 0.01mm; Step 2, relief grinding the center drill structure: And continuously relief grinding based on the umbrella-shaped conical surface to form a central drill centering hole part, wherein the vertex angle 2 of the central drill is equal to 120 degrees, the chisel edge bevel angle psi is equal to 50-55 degrees, the outer edge relief angle alpha p is controlled by the relief grinding amount k, and the relief grinding amount k meets the formula: , d is the diameter of a drilling part of the central drill, alpha p = 8-12 degrees, and the value range of the relief grinding quantity k is 0-1 degrees 30'; Step3, relief grinding the wave edge chip dividing groove: and in the taper rough milling area behind the center drill, a wave edge groove with staggered waveforms is formed by relief grinding, the waveform staggered angle theta of the wave edge groove is=30-60 degrees, the cutting edge of the taper rough milling area is divided into n sections of layered cutting edges along the axial direction of the cutter, n is more than or equal to 3, and the relation formula of chip thickness is satisfied: , Wherein h is the chip thickness, f is the feed rate during machining, b is the cutting width, and b=0.5d 1 ,d 1 is the nominal diameter of the composite tool; step 4, grinding the reaming cutting edge: And in a finish machining area behind the wave edge groove, a reaming cutting edge is formed by relief grinding, the cutting cone angle Kr of the reaming cutting edge is 10-15 degrees, the reserved rough reaming allowance is 0.15-0.35 mm, the reserved finish reaming allowance is 0.05-0.15 mm, and the segmentation number n of the rough reaming allowance and the layered cutting edge in the step 3 is as follows: ; In the relief grinding process of the steps 1-4, the radial runout of the cutter is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.008mm, and the ratio of the relief grinding amount k of the center drill in the step 2 to the finish reaming allowance of the reaming cutting edge in the step 4 is (1.2-2.0): 1.
  2. 2. The method for manufacturing a composite hole machining tool for drilling, milling and reaming according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the height difference h=0.8-1.5 mm between the wave crest and the wave trough of the wave edge groove is set, and the pitch P of the wave edge groove satisfies the formula: , Where d 1 is the nominal diameter of the compound cutter.
  3. 3. The method for manufacturing the compound hole machining cutter for drilling, milling and reaming according to claim 1, wherein when the center drill is in relief grinding in the step 2, the rake angle gamma 0 of the main cutting edge linearly decreases from the outer edge of the drilling part d to the drill core, the rake angle gamma 0 =15-25 DEG at the outer edge, the rake angle gamma 0 = -5 DEG to-10 DEG at the drill core, and the change rate of the rake angle Δr is the amount of radial change from the core to the outer edge.
  4. 4. The method of manufacturing a composite hole drilling, milling and reaming tool according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises polishing a correction portion of the reaming edge after the reaming edge is relief-ground in step 4, mechanically polishing the correction portion by using diamond grinding paste, wherein the polishing pressure is 0.1-0.3 MPa, and the polishing time is 10-20 min, so that the surface roughness Ra of the correction portion is less than or equal to 0.2 μm.
  5. 5. The method for manufacturing the drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter according to claim 1, wherein diamond grinding wheels are adopted in the relief grinding process of the steps 1-4, the granularity of the diamond grinding wheels is 80-120 meshes, the hardness is 60-65 HRC, the relief grinding speed is 30-50 m/s, and the relief grinding feed amount f 0 = 0.01-0.03 mm/r.
  6. 6. The method for manufacturing the drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter according to claim 1, wherein in the relief grinding process of the step 3 and the step 4, cutting fluid is sprayed to a cutting area, and the cutting fluid is emulsion and has the formula: 30% -40% of base oil, 10% -15% of emulsifier, 5% -8% of extreme pressure additive, 3% -5% of rust inhibitor and the balance of water, wherein the flow rate of cutting fluid is 15-25L/min, and the injection pressure is 0.3-0.5 MPa.
  7. 7. The method for manufacturing the drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, a double-grinding-wheel symmetrical relief grinding process is adopted when the basic umbrella-shaped conical surface is relief ground, the included angle between the axes of two grinding wheels and the axis of a cutter blank is 45-60 degrees, and the synchronous error of the two grinding wheels is less than or equal to 0.005mm.
  8. 8. The method for manufacturing the composite hole drilling, milling and reaming machining cutter according to claim 1, wherein the length of each cutting edge of the layered cutting edge in the step 3 is equal to Wherein d is the diameter of the drilling part of the central drill, and the axial dislocation of the cutting edges of two adjacent sections 。
  9. 9. The method for manufacturing the drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter according to claim 1, wherein the length l= (1.5-2.5) mm of the trimming edge of the reaming edge in the step 4, the radius r=0.1-0.3 mm of the transition fillet between the trimming edge and the reaming edge, and the rake angle of the trimming edge is 0-3 degrees.
  10. 10. The method for manufacturing the drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter according to claim 1, wherein the cutter blank is made of hard alloy, the hardness of the cutter blank is 70-75 HRC, the bending strength is more than or equal to 2500MPa, the method further comprises chamfering a center drill chisel edge after the center drill is in the step 2, the chamfering angle is 10-15 degrees, and the chamfering length is 0.1-0.3 mm.

Description

Manufacturing method of drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter Technical Field The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a drilling, milling and reaming compound hole machining cutter. Background In the middle-size high-precision hole machining in the fields of precision machinery, aerospace and the like, the traditional machining mode has a plurality of key pain points that the sequential machining needs to change a tool and clamp for many times, accumulated positioning deviation is easy to generate, the hole size precision is difficult to reach the standard, the traditional tool cutting edge is mostly a continuous straight edge, cutting chips are easy to wind and block, resonance is easy to occur, machining vibration and noise are obvious, the parameters of each functional section of the tool lack of quantization adaptation, centering precision is insufficient, cutting force is unevenly distributed, tool abrasion is aggravated, meanwhile, the machining efficiency is low, tool marks are easy to remain on the hole wall, and the surface finish is difficult to meet the requirement. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a manufacturing method of a drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the manufacturing method of the drilling, milling and reaming composite hole machining cutter comprises the following steps: Step 1, relief grinding a basic umbrella-shaped conical surface: Taking the axis of a cutter blank as a reference, carrying out relief grinding to form an umbrella-shaped conical surface with a back angle, wherein the value of the back angle alpha p of the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped conical surface is 8-12 degrees, and the coaxiality error of the umbrella-shaped conical surface and a subsequent center drill point is less than or equal to 0.01mm; Step 2, relief grinding the center drill structure: And continuously relief grinding based on the umbrella-shaped conical surface to form a central drill centering hole part, wherein the vertex angle 2 of the central drill is equal to 120 degrees, the chisel edge bevel angle psi is equal to 50-55 degrees, the outer edge relief angle alpha p is controlled by the relief grinding amount k, and the relief grinding amount k meets the formula: , d is the diameter of a drilling part of the central drill, alpha p = 8-12 degrees, and the value range of the relief grinding quantity k is 0-1 degrees 30'; Step3, relief grinding the wave edge chip dividing groove: and in the taper rough milling area behind the center drill, a wave edge groove with staggered waveforms is formed by relief grinding, the waveform staggered angle theta of the wave edge groove is=30-60 degrees, the cutting edge of the taper rough milling area is divided into n sections of layered cutting edges along the axial direction of the cutter, n is more than or equal to 3, and the relation formula of chip thickness is satisfied: , Wherein h is the chip thickness, f is the feed rate during machining, b is the cutting width, and b=0.5d 1,d1 is the nominal diameter of the composite tool; step 4, grinding the reaming cutting edge: And in a finish machining area behind the wave edge groove, a reaming cutting edge is formed by relief grinding, the cutting cone angle Kr of the reaming cutting edge is 10-15 degrees, the reserved rough reaming allowance is 0.15-0.35 mm, the reserved finish reaming allowance is 0.05-0.15 mm, and the segmentation number n of the rough reaming allowance and the layered cutting edge in the step 3 is as follows: ; In the relief grinding process of the steps 1-4, the radial runout of the cutter is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.008mm, and the ratio of the relief grinding amount k of the center drill in the step 2 to the finish reaming allowance of the reaming cutting edge in the step 4 is (1.2-2.0): 1. As an improvement of the above technical solution, in the step 3, the height difference h=0.8-1.5 mm between the crest and the trough of the wave edge groove, and the pitch P of the wave edge groove satisfies the formula: , Where d 1 is the nominal diameter of the compound cutter. As an improvement of the above technical solution, in step 2, when the central drill is relief-ground, the rake angle γ 0 of the main cutting edge linearly decreases from the outer edge of the drilling portion d to the drill core, the rake angle γ 0 =15° -25 °, the rake angle γ 0 = -5 ° -10 °, and the rake angle change rateΔr is the amount of radial change from the core to the outer edge. As an improvement of the technical scheme, the method further comprises polishing the correction part of the reaming cutting edge after the reaming cutting edge is relief-ground in the step 4, and mechanically polishing by using diamond grinding paste, wherein the polishing pressu