CN-121989115-A - Method and system for polishing outer surface of cylinder along with shape

CN121989115ACN 121989115 ACN121989115 ACN 121989115ACN-121989115-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machine manufacturing, and particularly relates to surface machining, and discloses a cylinder outer surface conformal polishing system and method, wherein the cylinder outer surface conformal polishing system comprises a step of conveying a guide wheel of a conformal polishing head into a polishing room along a track through a flat car, enabling the guide wheel of the conformal polishing head to contact with the cylinder outer surface, starting a roller frame to drive the cylinder to rotate, simultaneously starting a polishing device, enabling the guide wheel to do spiral line motion along the cylinder surface, enabling a grating ruler to sense the runout distance of the guide wheel along the radial direction of the cylinder and transmitting the runout distance to a controller in real time, enabling the polishing head to follow the runout, and finishing conformal polishing; the invention controls the track of the polishing head by the guide wheel in a profiling mode and a teaching mode, solves the problems that the carbon fiber protective layer is easy to wear in the conventional polishing process, the cable is directly damaged to be embedded inside, the cable is broken and short-circuited, the structural integrity of the carbon fiber matrix is damaged, the bearing strength of the shell is reduced and the like. The method is suitable for surface treatment work of manufacturing the engine shell by a carbon fiber prepreg winding forming process in the aerospace industry.

Inventors

REN HAN
ZHONG JIN
CHU JINGSHENG
SONG XIAOJUN
HU XING
LI GONGYING
CHEN XIAOLIANG
GONG YU

Assignees

湖北三江航天江北机械工程有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260115

Claims (7)

1. The cylinder outer surface shape-following polishing system is characterized by comprising a polishing room provided with an air draft dust removing device, a cylinder supporting rotating device and a polishing device, wherein the cylinder supporting rotating device comprises a roller frame which is arranged on the same horizontal plane, a roller shaft is axially parallel to the cylinder, the polishing device comprises a stand column, a shape-following polishing head is carried at one end of the roller frame, a polishing arm and a guide rail which are connected with the stand column at the other end of the roller shaft, the polishing arm is horizontally arranged and can rotate around the stand column, a lifting device is arranged on the stand column, a motor is arranged at the bottom of the lifting device and is located on the guide rail axially parallel to the cylinder, a shaft end gear is driven by the motor to move on a rack parallel to the cylinder, a guide wheel contacted with the cylinder outer surface and a device for measuring the displacement of a guide wheel supporting part in real time are arranged on the shape-following polishing head, and a controller which is respectively and electrically connected with the air draft dust removing device, the cylinder supporting rotating device and the polishing device.
2. The cylindrical body outer surface conformal polishing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polishing head is in a wheel shape, the pilot wheel is positioned in a region to be polished by the polishing head, the wheel shaft of the polishing head and the wheel shaft of the pilot wheel are parallel to the axial direction of the cylindrical body, and the device for measuring the displacement of the pilot wheel supporting component is a grating scale.
3. A cylindrical body outer surface conformal polishing system according to claim 2, wherein for cylindrical body polishing with an outer surface axially buried line, the pilot wheel is located in front of the polishing head axially moving relative to the cylindrical body, and for cylindrical body polishing with other buried line directions, the pilot wheel is located in front of the polishing head circumferentially moving relative to the cylindrical body.
4. A cylindrical body outer surface conformal polishing system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pair of roller frames are disposed on a rail axially parallel to the body, the rail being secured to a flatbed, the flatbed being engaged by two rows of wheels with a double rail secured to the ground, the double rail being axially parallel to the body.
5. A method of contour polishing an outer surface of a cylindrical body using a contour polishing system for an outer surface of a cylindrical body as set forth in claim 4, comprising the steps of: S1, adjusting the distance between two roller frames on a sliding rail to be matched with the length of a supported cylinder, and adjusting the distance between rollers on two sides of the roller frames to be matched with the diameter of the supported cylinder; s2, rotating the polishing arm around the upright post to enable the guide wheel of the follow-up polishing head to be in contact with the outer surface of the cylinder; S3, starting a roller frame to drive a cylinder body to rotate, starting a polishing device at the same time, enabling an upright post to axially move along the cylinder body under the drive of a motor, enabling a guide wheel to do spiral line motion along the surface of the cylinder body, enabling a grating ruler to sense the radial runout distance of the guide wheel along the cylinder body and transmit the radial runout distance to a controller in real time, enabling a polishing head to follow the runout according to the time when the polishing head moves to the position, or enabling the polishing head to follow the runout through rigid linkage of the polishing head and the guide wheel through a mechanical structure, and finishing shape-following polishing; s4, the whole-course start dust collection work of the air draft dust collector is used for avoiding the measurement precision of dust and slag clamping stagnation on the grating ruler and the following precision of the conformal polishing head.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the polishing head is a constant pressure polishing head, and the follow-up of the polishing head is achieved by a horizontal slide bar for mounting the polishing head on the polishing arm.
7. The cylinder outer surface conformal polishing method according to claim 6, wherein for cylinder polishing of an outer surface axial buried line, a pilot wheel is positioned in front of axial movement of a polishing head relative to the cylinder, a contact line of a rim and the cylinder and a contact line of the polishing head and the cylinder are positioned on the same cylinder bus, the polishing head and the pilot wheel realize rigid linkage through a mechanical structure, the polishing head follows a jump, conformal polishing is completed, the rigid linkage is automatically released when a pilot wheel reaches a bending position of an embedded cable, the polishing head follows the jump according to a radial jump distance of the grating ruler sensing the pilot wheel along the cylinder, and conformal polishing is completed.

Description

Method and system for polishing outer surface of cylinder along with shape Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, and discloses a cylinder outer surface conformal polishing method and system. Background In the fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry and the like, the carbon fiber composite material has become the first choice material for preparing core bearing members such as solid rocket engine shells and the like by virtue of the outstanding advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, light weight and the like. The carbon fiber prepreg winding and forming process is a mainstream manufacturing technology of the engine shell, and the process winds the prepreg on the surface of a core mold according to a preset track through numerical control winding equipment, and obtains an integrated shell structure after solidification and demolding, so that the structural integrity and mechanical properties of the shell can be effectively ensured. Along with the improvement of the integration and intelligent development demands of the engine shell, in the carbon fiber winding forming process, functional cables such as a power line, a signal line and the like are always required to be synchronously embedded in a shell wall layer or surface so as to realize signal transmission and power supply of a subsequent sensor and an executing element. After the curing molding, the embedded cable can form linear bulges with relatively large height on the outer surface of the shell due to the diameter and rigidity of the embedded cable, and meanwhile, redundant resin in the prepreg can naturally overflow and gather in the curing stage to form irregular resin nodule bulges with extremely low height on the surface of the shell. Both types of bulges can damage the surface flatness of the shell, and influence the subsequent processes of coating adhesion, assembly precision and the like, so that the outer surface of the shell is required to be polished. Wherein, the protruding height of resin tumor is less than the protruding that the cable is pre-buried to form far away, need not to carry out accurate discernment and pertinence correction to the height of single resin tumor when polishing, only need accomplish to get rid of according to unified shallow polishing degree of depth, and this polishing degree of depth can not cause the damage to the carbon fiber base member. However, the conventional polishing modes (such as manual hand-held polishing machine polishing, fixed grinding wheel polishing, robot profiling polishing and the like) currently adopt uniform polishing parameters, and two types of bulges with different heights and causes cannot be distinguished. If the average polishing depth is increased for removing the high bulges of the cable, the carbon fiber protective layer is extremely easy to wear, the embedded cable in the cable is directly damaged, the cable is broken and short-circuited, the structural integrity of the carbon fiber matrix is simultaneously damaged, and potential safety hazards such as reduction of the bearing strength of the shell are caused. In addition, manual polishing mode inefficiency, uniformity are poor, are difficult to satisfy the batch production demand, and traditional automation polishing equipment lacks the control ability of differential polishing, can't take into account protruding removal effect and the protection demand of base member, cable. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a cylinder outer surface conformal polishing system which comprises a polishing room, wherein an air draft dust removing device, a cylinder supporting rotating device and a polishing device are arranged on the polishing room, the cylinder supporting rotating device comprises a roller frame which is arranged on the same horizontal plane, a roller shaft is axially parallel to the cylinder, the polishing device comprises a stand column, a conformal polishing head is carried on one end of the roller frame, a polishing arm and a guide rail are connected with the stand column at the other end of the roller shaft, the polishing arm is horizontally arranged and can rotate around the stand column, a lifting device is arranged on the stand column, a motor is arranged at the bottom of the lifting device, the lifting device is located on the guide rail axially parallel to the cylinder, a shaft end gear is driven by the motor to move on a rack parallel to the cylinder, a guide wheel contacted with the cylinder outer surface and a device for measuring displacement of a guide wheel supporting part in real time are arranged on the conformal polishing head, and a controller is electrically connected with the air draft dust removing device, the cylinder supporting rotating device and the polishing device respectively. Preferably, the polishing head is in a wheel shape, the pilot wheel is positioned in a region to be polished of the polish