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CN-121989134-A - Precise tool setting device in high-speed running belt sander and calibration method

CN121989134ACN 121989134 ACN121989134 ACN 121989134ACN-121989134-A

Abstract

The invention provides a precise tool setting device in a high-speed running belt sander and a calibration method, which is characterized in that a reference block is fixedly arranged in a machine tool, and a slidable reference block and a testing component are arranged in the abrasive belt, and the symmetrical light beam is emitted by combining the calibration component to realize the spatial corresponding relation between the abrasive belt and the reference block. In the tool setting process, the abrasive belt keeps the actual processing gesture and the running state, high-precision contact judgment is realized through staged approaching and micron-level stepping detection, and coordinates and force values of all axes are recorded under the triggering of a tiny contact force threshold value, so that traceable tool setting data are formed. The control system automatically converts machine tool coordinates into a machining coordinate system and sets a zero point, so that tool setting precision, repeatability and machining consistency are guaranteed, impact damage risk is reduced, intelligent tool setting and zero point setting under the dynamic working condition of the abrasive belt are realized, and a complex external measuring device is not needed.

Inventors

  • LI WENJUN
  • LI REN
  • GUO JIANHUA
  • GE JIANG
  • QU SHAOJIE

Assignees

  • 大连誉洋工业智能有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260408

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The precise tool setting device in the high-speed running abrasive belt machine comprises a mounting shell (1), wherein a placing cavity is formed in the mounting shell (1), and the precise tool setting device is characterized in that a slidable reference block (2) is arranged in the placing cavity, test assemblies (5) for detecting whether the reference block (2) slides and bears force or not are arranged on two sides of the reference block (2), the mounting shell (1) is integrated on a machine tool workbench through a bottom plate (12), and the reference block (2) is positioned below or beside a working area of an abrasive belt (102), namely in an area which can be contacted by the abrasive belt (102); The automatic polishing machine comprises a mounting shell (1), and is characterized by further comprising a calibration assembly (6), wherein the calibration assembly (6) is arranged on a bottom plate (12) corresponding to the side wall of the mounting shell (1), the calibration assembly (6) comprises two calibration parts (63) which can slide and emit light beams, the calibration parts (63) are symmetrically arranged by taking the central plane of a reference block (2) as a symmetrical plane, and the light beams emitted by the two calibration parts (63) can respectively irradiate on two sides or extension ends of two sides of the width direction of the abrasive belt (102).
  2. 2. The precise tool setting device in the high-speed running belt sander as set forth in claim 1, wherein a plurality of side sliding parts distributed at equal intervals are arranged on two opposite side inner walls of the placing cavity, a plurality of lower sliding parts are arranged at the bottom of the placing cavity, the reference block (2) is connected to the lower sliding parts in a sliding manner, and the side sliding parts on two sides are clamped on two sides of the reference block (2).
  3. 3. The precise tool setting device in the high-speed belt sander according to claim 2, wherein the side sliding part comprises a side mounting block (3) and side rolling beads (31), the side mounting block (3) is fixed on the side wall of the placing cavity, the side rolling beads (31) capable of rotating are wrapped in the side mounting block (3), and the side rolling beads (31) are protruded out of the side wall of the side mounting block (3) and overlap with the outer wall of the reference block (2).
  4. 4. The precise tool setting device in the high-speed belt sander according to claim 2, wherein the lower sliding part comprises a lower mounting block (4) and a lower ball (41), the lower mounting block (4) is fixed on the bottom side wall of the placing cavity, the lower ball (41) capable of rotating is wrapped in the lower mounting block (4), and the lower ball (41) protrudes out of the top side wall of the lower mounting block (4) and is lapped with the outer wall of the reference block (2).
  5. 5. The precise tool setting device in the high-speed running belt sander as set forth in claim 1, wherein the test assembly (5) comprises a telescopic rod (51), the telescopic rod (51) is fixed on the outer wall of the reference block (2), the surface of the telescopic rod (51) is sheathed with a spring (52), and two ends of the spring (52) are respectively fixed at two ends of the telescopic rod (51); the other end of the telescopic rod (51) is lapped on the detection end face of the micro force sensor (53), and the micro force sensor (53) is arranged in the placing cavity.
  6. 6. The precise tool setting device in the high-speed running belt sander as set forth in claim 1, wherein the two calibration parts (63) are connected with each other through a transmission part, the transmission part drives the two calibration parts (63) to synchronously move inwards or outwards, and the two calibration parts (63) are symmetrically arranged by taking the central plane of the reference block (2) as a symmetrical plane all the time in the moving process; the device also comprises a receiving part which is arranged corresponding to the two calibration parts (63).
  7. 7. The precise tool setting device in the high-speed running belt sander as set forth in claim 6, wherein the said transmission part includes the rotatable driving gear (61), the said driving gear (61) is installed on the bottom plate (12), the both sides of the said driving gear (61) are engaged and connected with the driven rack (62) distributed symmetrically in the center separately, the said driven rack (62) is connected to the bottom plate (12) slidably through the connecting part; The two driven racks (62) are fixedly connected with connecting cross bars (631) at the ends, the two connecting cross bars (631) are fixedly connected with connecting vertical bars (632) at the ends, a light beam generator (633) is fixedly arranged at the top of the connecting vertical bars (632), and light beams emitted by the light beam generator (633) irradiate on a receiving part at the other side of the installation shell (1).
  8. 8. The precise tool setting device in a high-speed belt sander as set forth in claim 7, wherein said connecting portion comprises a guide rail (621) fixed to the back side wall of the driven rack (62), at least one moving slider (622) is slidingly connected to the surface of said guide rail (621), said moving slider (622) being fixed to the base plate (12) by a fixing bracket (623).
  9. 9. The precise tool setting device in the high-speed running belt sander as set forth in claim 7, wherein the receiving part is a first receiving part (64) or a second receiving part (7), the first receiving part (64) comprises two connecting rods (641), the connecting rods (641) are vertically arranged on the bottom plate (12), the top parts of the two connecting rods (641) are respectively fixed with a receiver (642), and the two beam generators (633) and the two receivers (642) respectively form two opposite-injection sensors; The second receiving part (7) comprises a connecting rod (71), the connecting rod (71) is vertically fixed on the bottom plate (12), a display plate (72) is fixed at the top of the connecting rod (71), light beams emitted by the light beam generator (633) penetrate through calibration transparent laths (8) fixed on two sides of the width direction of the abrasive belt (102) to irradiate on the display plate (72), and a plurality of transparent identification areas with different colors are arranged on the calibration transparent laths (8).
  10. 10. A method for calibrating a precision tool setting device in a belt sander operating at high speed as set forth in claim 1, wherein said method comprises the steps of: S1, establishing a reference, namely fixedly installing a tool setting device comprising a reference block (2) in a machine tool, and enabling the spatial position of the reference block (2) in a machine tool coordinate system to be unchanged, wherein the spatial position is used as a spatial reference between an abrasive belt (102) and the machine tool coordinate system; S2, dynamic preparation, namely starting the abrasive belt (102) to a set working rotation speed, keeping the running state and the running state consistent with the actual machining, and entering an in-machine self-calibration process after running is stable; S3, a machine tool control system drives an abrasive belt (102) mechanism to rapidly move to a safe distance position above the reference block (2) along the Z direction; s4, precise approximation, namely switching to a slow precise approximation mode when the abrasive belt (102) approaches the reference block (2), entering a micro-contact detection stage after reaching a preset micro gap from the top surface of the reference block (2), adopting a micron-level stepping mode to gradually approximate the top surface of the reference block (2), and dynamically adjusting the feeding step length according to the residual distance to ensure that the closer the distance is, the smaller the step length is; S5, contact judgment, namely when the surface of the abrasive belt (102) is contacted with the top surface of the reference block (2) and generates tangential force, detecting a contact force signal through a test assembly (5) arranged on the reference block (2), and outputting a contact confirmation signal when the contact force reaches a preset threshold value; S6, coordinate recording, namely recording accurate coordinate values of each motion axis at the moment of triggering by the machine tool control system by a contact confirmation signal, and generating a tool setting state record containing a trigger force value and corresponding X, Y, Z coordinate data; And S7, converting the recorded machine tool coordinate data into corresponding coordinate values under a machining coordinate system, and setting the contact position corresponding to the coordinate values as a machining zero point, thereby completing the spatial association between the abrasive belt (102) and the machine tool under the actual machining working condition and realizing dynamic tool setting and zero point setting.

Description

Precise tool setting device in high-speed running belt sander and calibration method Technical Field The invention relates to the field of tool setting, in particular to a precise tool setting device in a high-speed running belt sander and a calibration method. Background In the field of abrasive belt grinding, an abrasive belt is used as a flexible grinding medium running at high speed, and the problems of unstable precision and insufficient repeatability exist in the tool setting process for a long time, and the following aspects are specifically embodied: (1) The traditional test grinding method has the problem of insufficient precision and safety in the tool setting mode. This approach approaches the work piece by manually or automatically driving the abrasive belt, recording this position as the machining zero point when sparks are observed or contact sounds are heard. The method has the following defects: Firstly, the risk of damage is high, if the feeding speed is controlled improperly, the phenomenon of 'bumping' is easy to occur, and the abrasive belt or the workpiece is damaged; Secondly, the tool setting precision is low, when sparks or sounds occur, the over-cutting phenomenon usually occurs, the tool setting precision can only reach about 0.1 mm, and the high-precision processing requirement is difficult to meet. (2) The compensation method based on the fixed model is difficult to adapt to the actual working condition change. The method assumes that the deformation state of the abrasive belt under the set tension and rotation speed conditions is stable and repeatable, and establishes a compensation model based on the deformation state. However, in the actual processing process, factors such as temperature change, environmental humidity change, abrasion degree change, vibration generated when the joint passes through and the like of the abrasive belt can cause the rigidity and deformation state of the abrasive belt to change, so that the actual state deviates from the theoretical model. As a result, the machining accuracy gradually drifts with the machining time, and it is difficult to maintain uniformity in long-period production. (3) The flexible abrasive belt is difficult to convert from the rigid coordinate reference of the machine tool. The abrasive belt belongs to a flexible body, and a machine tool coordinate system is established based on a rigid structure, and the two lack of direct and stable reference association, which is specifically expressed as follows: 1) Baseline transfer chain breaks. The surface of the abrasive belt does not have a rigid datum point or a structural feature for the direct detection of a machine tool measuring head, so that a direct geometric datum relationship is difficult to establish; 2) The coordinate system dynamically drifts. The pose of the abrasive belt relative to a machine tool coordinate system can be changed slowly along with tension change, temperature change and wear degree change, so that the processing zero point has time-dependent drift; 3) The contact point is uncertain. The abrasive belt is elastically deformed when contacting with a workpiece, and deviation exists between an actual contact area and a theoretical contact point, which can reach millimeter level, thereby affecting tool setting precision and processing size control. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a precise tool setting device in a high-speed running abrasive belt machine and a calibration method, which aim to solve the problems that the traditional abrasive belt grinding tool setting method has low precision and poor repeatability and the flexible abrasive belt cannot be stably associated with a rigid reference of the machine tool. The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical proposal: The invention provides a precise tool setting device in a high-speed running abrasive belt machine, which comprises a mounting shell, wherein a placing cavity is arranged in the mounting shell, a slidable reference block is arranged in the placing cavity, test assemblies for detecting whether the reference block slides and bears force or not are arranged on two sides of the reference block, the mounting shell is integrated on a machine tool workbench through a bottom plate, and the reference block is positioned below or beside an abrasive belt working area, namely in an area which can be touched by an abrasive belt; the automatic belt grinding machine comprises an abrasive belt, and is characterized by further comprising a calibration assembly, wherein the calibration assembly is arranged on a bottom plate corresponding to the side wall of the installation shell and is positioned on one side of the installation shell, the calibration assembly comprises two calibration parts which can slide and can emit light beams, the calibration parts are symmetrically arranged by taking the central plane of a reference block as a symmetrical plane, and the light beams em