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CN-121989166-A - Grinding and polishing clamp for plate-shaped tensile sample

CN121989166ACN 121989166 ACN121989166 ACN 121989166ACN-121989166-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a polishing clamp for a plate-shaped tensile sample, which relates to the technical field of material processing engineering and comprises a mounting plate, a liquid storage box and a clamping part, wherein the mounting plate is used as a basic supporting part, a rotating shaft interface externally connected with a rotating driving device is arranged at the center of the mounting plate, the liquid storage box is arranged above the mounting plate, the clamping part is arranged on the surface of the mounting plate far away from the liquid storage box, the liquid storage box is used for storing and outputting polishing liquid or water, the clamping part is used for clamping and positioning the plate-shaped tensile sample, the polishing clamp for the plate-shaped tensile sample is used for stably fixing the plate-shaped tensile sample through a clamping block, an adjusting gasket and a locking structure, offset warping is avoided, samples with different thicknesses and different widths can be adapted, the processing flow is standardized, automatic polishing replaces manual operation, and is matched with a guide plate laminar liquid supply and flow regulation design, the surface evenness and roughness are ensured, and the standard distance section processing area is accurately locked, and the characterization requirements of SEM and EBSD are met.

Inventors

  • ZHANG GUOWEN
  • He Lingqi
  • LIU YIMIN
  • LIU JINWAN
  • TAN JIQING
  • WU JIXUAN
  • WANG YANBING
  • ZHANG YONGGANG
  • WANG PENGFEI
  • ZHANG JING
  • XI JIANGFEI
  • LU BING

Assignees

  • 国铁川藏科创中心(成都)有限公司
  • 铁科(成都)轨道装备科技发展有限公司
  • 北京纵横机电科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260330

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The polishing clamp for the plate-shaped tensile sample is characterized by comprising a mounting plate (100), a liquid storage box (101) and a clamping part (200); The mounting plate (100) is used as a basic supporting component, a rotating shaft interface externally connected with a rotating driving device is arranged at the center of the mounting plate (100), the liquid storage box (101) is arranged above the mounting plate (100), and the clamping part (200) is arranged on the surface, far away from the liquid storage box (101), of the mounting plate (100); the liquid storage box (101) is used for storing and outputting polishing liquid or water, and the clamping part (200) is used for clamping and positioning the plate-shaped tensile sample.
  2. 2. The grinding and polishing clamp for the plate-shaped tensile sample according to claim 1, wherein a positioning pin (101 b) is arranged on the mounting plate (100), and a positioning hole matched with the positioning pin (101 b) is arranged on the liquid storage box (101); the mounting plate (100) is provided with a through groove (206 a) for mounting the clamping part (200).
  3. 3. The sanding polishing fixture for a plate-shaped tensile specimen according to claim 1, characterized in that a liquid filling port (101 a) is arranged on the liquid storage box (101), a liquid discharge hole is arranged on the end face, close to the mounting plate (100), of the liquid storage box (101), and a conduit (101-2) extending to a specimen processing area is connected to the liquid discharge hole.
  4. 4. A sanding polishing fixture for plate-like tensile specimens according to claim 3, characterized in that the liquid storage box (101) is provided with a vent plug (101 c), and a vent hole adapted to the vent plug (101 c) is provided through the liquid storage box (101).
  5. 5. The grinding and polishing clamp for the plate-shaped tensile sample according to claim 4, wherein a guide plate (101-1) is vertically installed inside the liquid storage box (101), and a flow adjusting screw (101 d) is arranged on the installation plate (100); The axis of the flow regulating screw (101 d) is directed to the conduit (101-2), and the flow regulating screw (101 d) regulates the flow by pressing the conduit (101-2) and changing the cross-sectional area of the conduit (101-2).
  6. 6. The sanding polishing clamp for a plate-like tensile specimen according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping portion (200) includes a first clamping block (201), a second clamping block (202) and a fastening adjusting screw (205) that are disposed oppositely; The fastening adjusting screw (205) is arranged at the centers of the first clamping block (201) and the second clamping block (202), the fastening adjusting screw (205) is rotationally connected with the first clamping block (201) and axially fixed, and the fastening adjusting screw (205) is in threaded connection with the second clamping block (202).
  7. 7. The grinding and polishing clamp for the plate-shaped tensile specimen according to claim 6, wherein the contact surfaces of the first clamping block (201) and the second clamping block (202) with the specimen are respectively provided with an adjusting pad (203), and the thickness of the adjusting pad (203) is 0.1-0.5 mm.
  8. 8. The sanding polishing clamp for a plate-like tensile specimen according to claim 6, characterized in that the clamping portion (200) further includes a guide block (204) and a first slider (204 c); The guide block (204) is provided with a mounting hole (204 a) and a sliding groove (204 b), the guide block (204) is fixed with the first clamping block (201) through the mounting hole (204 a), and the first sliding block (204 c) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove (204 b) and is fixed with the second clamping block (202).
  9. 9. The sanding polishing fixture for a plate-like tensile specimen according to claim 6, characterized in that the first clamping block (201) and the second clamping block (202) are both connected with a second slider (206), the second slider (206) being disposed in a through groove (206 a) on the mounting plate (100).
  10. 10. The sanding polishing fixture for a plate-shaped tensile specimen according to claim 4, wherein the vent plugs (101 c) are in interference fit with the vent holes, the number of the vent holes is set to be at least 2, and the aperture range of the vent holes is 0.3-0.8 mm.

Description

Grinding and polishing clamp for plate-shaped tensile sample Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of material processing engineering, in particular to a polishing clamp for a plate-shaped tensile sample. Background Along with the breakthrough of the operating mileage of China high-speed rail by 5 ten thousand kilometers and the higher speed per hour of CR450 type high-speed rail by 450 kilometers, the mechanical property test requirement of key components such as shafts, gears and the like is increasingly urgent, and the tensile mechanical test is a core means for verifying the material properties of the components, wherein the platy tensile sample is widely applied to the research of the mechanical properties of the materials, particularly in an in-situ tensile test, and the microscopic deformation mechanism, crack initiation behavior and grain orientation change rule of the materials can be deeply analyzed by loading the sample and combining a microscopic observation technology. In order to meet the imaging requirements of subsequent microscopic analysis such as SEM and EBSD, the plate-shaped tensile sample needs to be subjected to surface grinding and polishing treatment before in-situ observation, so that a processing area reaches a mirror surface state with higher flatness and low roughness, for example, in SEM observation, a flat and smooth surface can ensure that clear morphology change information is obtained, and in EBSD analysis, the surface roughness directly influences the quality of diffraction patterns, so that the reliability of crystal orientation analysis is determined. However, the existing surface preparation method of the plate-shaped tensile sample is mainly manual mechanical polishing or electrochemical polishing, and has the following technical defects in practical application: the clamping stability of the sheet sample is poor, the in-situ tensile sample is usually small in thickness and low in strength, effective fixation is difficult to realize in the manual polishing or electrochemical polishing process, offset, warping or secondary deformation easily occurs, and particularly when polishing step by step, the sheet sample cannot keep a straight posture, so that the surface processing quality is affected; The consistency of the surface quality is insufficient, in the manual operation, the polishing angle and the force application direction are uncontrollable, the thin plate sample is extremely sensitive to force and angle, uneven surface flatness and roughness are easily caused, and the follow-up mechanical test precision and microscopic characterization data reliability are further affected; the edge of the sample is easy to be damaged, curled or thinned by manual polishing, the electrochemical polishing is inaccurate in positioning of the sample, the edge can be corroded or even partially perforated, and the loading effect and the test reliability of an in-situ tensile test are seriously affected; The processing area is difficult to define accurately, the in-situ tensile sample needs to process the gauge length section in an important way to ensure the microscopic analysis data quality, but the manual polishing cannot realize the stable and repeated local processing of the gauge length section, and the electrochemical polishing lacks a special limiting structure, so that the processing area is inaccurate and inconsistent in depth, and the repeatability of an experimental result is influenced; The method does not meet the green manufacturing requirement, the electrochemical polishing needs corrosive or volatile electrolyte, chemical waste liquid is generated to pollute the environment, the energy consumption is high, the operation safety is insufficient, and the green manufacturing requirement of environmental protection, energy saving and clean production is difficult to meet. In summary, there is a need for a sanding fixture that can adapt to sheet properties, precisely control the machining area, ensure surface quality, and meet green manufacturing requirements. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a polishing clamp for a plate-shaped tensile sample, which solves the problems of unstable clamping, uneven surface quality, easy edge damage, difficult limitation of a processing area and non-environment-friendly electrochemical polishing in the preparation process of the surface of the plate-shaped in-situ tensile sample in the prior art. In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides the technical scheme that the polishing clamp for the plate-shaped tensile sample comprises a mounting plate, a liquid storage box and a clamping part; the mounting plate is used as a basic supporting part, a rotating shaft interface externally connected with a rotating driving device is arranged at the center of the mounting plate, the liquid storage box is arranged above the mounting plate, and the clamping part is arranged on the surface, far away from t