CN-121989321-A - Magnetic field guiding ultrasonic processing device and method for magnetic response phase composite material

CN121989321ACN 121989321 ACN121989321 ACN 121989321ACN-121989321-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of special composite processing, and particularly discloses a magnetic field guiding ultrasonic processing device and method for a magnetic response phase composite material; the invention aims at the problems of large cutting force, serious cutter abrasion, workpiece damage and the like caused by random distribution of reinforcing phases in the traditional processing, utilizes a magnetic field generator arranged in the cutter or in the nearby area to generate a high-gradient directional magnetic field in the whole process of cutting the workpiece by the cutter, applies controllable magnetic field force to the magnetic reinforcing phases in the cutting layer material to dynamically deflect, rotate or migrate the magnetic reinforcing phases, thereby optimizing the distribution and the orientation of the magnetic reinforcing phases on a cutting path in real time on a microscopic scale, and simultaneously drives the cutter to carry out high-frequency ultrasonic vibration cutting to efficiently remove the material layer under the guidance of the magnetic field. The device comprises a machine tool main body, an ultrasonic vibration module, a magnetic field generation module, a special compound cutter, a non-contact induction power supply module and a control system.

Inventors

LIANG XIAOLIANG
WANG TIANYU
WO LUN
CAI YUKUI
WANG BING
LIU ZHANQIANG
MA YUQING

Assignees

山东大学
山东大学日照研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260408

Claims (10)

1. The magnetic field guiding ultrasonic processing device of the magnetic response phase composite material is characterized by comprising an ultrasonic vibration module, a magnetic field generating module, a composite cutter, a power supply module and a control system; a cavity is formed in the composite cutter; The magnetic field generating module is positioned in the cavity and comprises at least one group of exciting coils and a magnetizer, wherein part of exciting coils are wound on the magnetizer, and the magnetizer is embedded at the front end of the cutter and is close to the cutting edge area and used for generating a directional controllable magnetic field with set strength and gradient in the working area of the cutting edge; The ultrasonic vibration module is connected with the handle of the composite cutter; The power supply module is used for supplying power to the magnetic field generation module and the ultrasonic vibration module; The control system controls the ultrasonic vibration module and the power supply module.
2. The magnetically responsive phase composite magnetic field oriented ultrasonic processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein said power module is a non-contact inductive power module and said excitation coil is powered by said non-contact inductive power module.
3. The magnetically responsive phase composite magnetic field oriented ultrasonic processing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the non-contact inductive power module comprises a stator coil and a control system, the stator coil being disposed external to the machine spindle.
4. The magnetically responsive phase composite magnetic field oriented ultrasonic processing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a machine tool spindle and a table for clamping a workpiece and providing a primary motion and a feed motion.
5. The magnetically responsive phase composite magnetic field oriented ultrasonic processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the composite tool further comprises a cooling flow path within the composite tool and is coupled to an external cooling system.
6. The magnetically responsive phase composite magnetic field oriented ultrasonic processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the magnetic pole end shape of the magnetizer is wedge-shaped, pin-pointed or multi-pole array configuration.
7. The magnetically responsive phase composite magnetic field guided ultrasonic processing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a monitoring feedback module comprising a cutting force sensor and an infrared temperature monitoring unit for respectively acquiring cutting force signals and temperature field information during processing and feeding back to the control system.
8. The magnetically responsive phase composite magnetic field oriented ultrasonic processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating module is a steady-state magnetic field or a time-varying magnetic field modulated synchronously with the cutting cycle, the magnetic field strength, gradient and direction of which are programmable according to the magnetic properties, morphology and volume fraction of the reinforcing phase.
9. The magnetically responsive phase composite magnetic field oriented ultrasonic processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic vibration module drives the composite tool to produce vibration in the form of axial vibration, radial vibration, or longitudinal-torsional composite vibration.
10. A method of processing a magnetically responsive phase composite magnetic field oriented ultrasonic processing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, Before the cutter cuts into the material, the control system starts the magnetic field generating module to enable the exciting coil to be electrified, and a high-strength and high-gradient directional controllable magnetic field is generated and maintained in the cutting edge working area and the adjacent area of the cutter, so that the magnetism or magnetization reinforcing phase contained in the workpiece cutting layer material deflects, rotates or migrates under the action of magnetization force and gradient force, thereby dynamically optimizing the instantaneous distribution and the spatial orientation of the reinforcing phase in the material layer to be removed in the cutting process and reducing the blocking effect of the reinforcing phase on the cutting movement of the cutter; and at the same time of the magnetic field dynamic guiding step, an ultrasonic vibration module is started to drive a cutter to generate high-frequency low-amplitude vibration along the axial direction, the radial direction or the combined direction of the two directions, and the main motion and the feeding motion of the machine tool are combined to cut a material layer under the magnetic field dynamic guiding action, so that the efficient removal of materials is realized.

Description

Magnetic field guiding ultrasonic processing device and method for magnetic response phase composite material Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of composite processing in special processing technology, and in particular discloses a magnetic field guiding ultrasonic processing device and method of a magnetic response phase composite material, Background The magnetic particles or the magnetic fiber reinforced composite materials are increasingly widely applied in the fields of aerospace, high-end equipment and the like due to the excellent specific strength, specific rigidity, wear resistance, heat resistance and the like. However, the hard or high toughness reinforcing phase (such as alloy particles, metal fibers, etc.) greatly increases the mechanical processing difficulty while providing the material with improved properties. When facing such materials, the traditional milling and drilling processing modes directly generate severe impact and friction between the cutter and the hard reinforcing phases which are randomly distributed, so that the cutting force fluctuation is large, the cutting temperature is high, the cutter abrasion is extremely rapid, cracks, burrs, holes and other damages caused by the extraction or crushing of the reinforcing phases are extremely easy to generate on the processing surface and the subsurface of the workpiece, and the service performance and the service life of the parts are seriously influenced. In order to improve the processing effect of the difficult-to-process composite material, a magnetic field auxiliary processing means is introduced in the prior art to process, for example, in the patent application with the application number of CN202010077185.1, a method and a device for electromagnetic acoustic multi-field composite auxiliary drilling of tiny deep holes are disclosed, the device comprises an ultrasonic vibration knife handle, an ultrasonic generator, a magnetic field auxiliary processing system, a copper electrode, an insulating cushion block and a pulse power supply, but the magnetic field auxiliary effect focuses on the macroscopic physical effect of a processing area, the overall stress state of the material or auxiliary chip removal is improved through the pulse magnetic field, and the active and accurate regulation and control of the internal microstructure structure of the workpiece material, particularly the spatial distribution and the orientation of reinforcing phases (such as magnetic fibers or particles) are not involved. Secondly, the device is complex in structure, electrodes and magnetic field coils are required to be additionally arranged in a processing area, the occupied space is occupied, the application range of the device is limited, the magnetic field acting area is dispersed, a high-gradient and high-strength directional magnetic field is difficult to form in front of a cutting edge of a cutter, and microcosmic control on an enhanced phase cannot be realized. Therefore, the prior art is difficult to adapt to the processing mode of the existing microstructure of the material, and can not fundamentally solve the problems of processing damage and cutter abrasion caused by large fluctuation of cutting force and direct and intense action of the reinforcing phase and the cutter due to the random distribution of the reinforcing phase. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a magnetic field guiding ultrasonic processing device and method for a magnetic response phase composite material. In the process of cutting the composite material, the magnetic reinforcing phase acted on the composite material by an externally-applied controllable magnetic field enables the position and the orientation of the composite material to be favorably adjusted, and the adverse effect on a cutter is reduced, so that the machinability of the material is improved. Simultaneously, high-frequency ultrasonic vibration is introduced, so that low-force and high-efficiency shearing removal is realized. The magnetic field guidance and the ultrasonic vibration cooperate, and the processing quality and efficiency are improved from the material structure regulation to the cutting and removing. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the invention provides a magnetic field guiding ultrasonic processing device of a magnetic response phase composite material, which comprises an ultrasonic vibration module, a magnetic field generating module, a composite cutter, a power supply module and a control system, A cavity is formed in the composite cutter; The magnetic field generating module is positioned in the cavity and comprises at least one group of exciting coils and a magnetizer, wherein part of exciting coils are wound on the magnetizer, and the magnetizer is embedded at the front end of the cutter and is close to the cutting edge area and use