CN-121989439-A - Bionic composite material interface structure for field-assisted additive manufacturing and preparation method and application thereof

CN121989439ACN 121989439 ACN121989439 ACN 121989439ACN-121989439-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fiber reinforced composite materials, and discloses a field-assisted additive manufacturing bionic composite material interface structure, a preparation method and application thereof. The invention relates to a field-assisted additive manufacturing bionic composite material interface structure, which comprises a fiber reinforced composite material substrate and a bionic intermediate layer. The invention refers to an arrangement toughening mechanism of the arthropod exoskeleton stratum corneum cloth Li Gang and a slit receptor micro-stress sensing mechanism, integrates field-assisted additive manufacturing and magnetic field directional regulation and control technology, not only realizes interlayer delamination resistance toughening and damage tolerance improvement of the fiber reinforced composite material by inducing crack deflection and dissipating external energy through a spiral cloth Li Gang structure, but also can convert matrix micro-deformation into resistance electric signal mutation by means of stress concentration seams, synchronously completes delamination damage inhibition and structural health real-time accurate monitoring, and is suitable for mechanical property optimization and online micro-stress damage detection scene of the fiber reinforced composite material.

Inventors

SONG WENDA
WANG CHANG
MIAO XIUYUAN
ZHU YE
LIU CHANG
WU WENZHENG
HAN ZHIWU

Assignees

吉林大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260409

Claims (10)

1. The field-assisted additive manufacturing bionic composite material interface structure is characterized by comprising a fiber reinforced composite material substrate and a bionic intermediate layer; The fiber reinforced composite material substrate is formed by laminating and compounding an upper carbon fiber plate, a lower carbon fiber plate and an intermediate resin matrix; the bionic middle layer is embedded in the interlayer limit space of the fiber reinforced composite material substrate.
2. The field assisted additive manufacturing biomimetic composite material interface structure of claim 1, wherein the biomimetic intermediate layer comprises: the cloth Li Gang is of a spiral structure, the cloth Li Gang is formed by stacking unidirectional fiber layers layer by layer, the thickness of the unidirectional fiber layers is 50-200 mu m, and the fiber orientations between adjacent unidirectional fiber layers are twisted at constant 15-degree equi-differential angles; The directional conductive network is arranged in the spiral structure of the cloth Li Gang, takes the chopped carbon nanofiber granules subjected to silane modification treatment as a conductive carrier, and is uniformly distributed in the spiral structure of the cloth Li Gang through auxiliary directional induction of a stable electromagnetic field; The stress concentration seam receptor is arranged on the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer of the spiral structure of the cloth Li Gang, is arranged along the axial direction of the fiber, has a seam width of 0.2-0.8 mu m, a seam depth of 2-4 mu m, a curvature radius of the seam bottom is less than 50nm, and the axial length of the seam body is 5-15 mu m.
3. A method for preparing a bionic composite interface structure for field-assisted additive manufacturing according to any one of claims 1-2, comprising the steps of: 1) Immersing chopped carbon nanofiber granules into silane modified liquid, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, drying, mixing with resin and curing agent, and carrying out high-speed stirring, ultrasonic dispersion and vacuum defoaming to obtain composite colloid; 2) Adopting a printing-orientation-curing-rotating layer-by-layer material adding mode, taking 0 degree as a first layer reference orientation, pouring the composite colloid obtained in the step 1), starting a steady electromagnetic field to finish orientation of the carbon nanofiber, single-layer curing, rotating a platform according to 15 degrees equi-difference, repeating the steps of orientation and curing, stacking layer by layer to a preset layer number, and integrally curing to obtain a cloth Li Gang spiral structure; 3) And (3) carrying out layered cold etching on the cloth Li Gang spiral structure formed in the step (2) by adopting ultraviolet femtosecond laser, and after the cloth is processed to a preset seam size, removing scraps by combining low-power ultrasonic cleaning and high-pressure nitrogen purging to obtain the field-assisted additive manufacturing bionic composite material interface structure.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1), the chopped carbon nanofiber pellets have a length of 0.5-2 μm and a diameter of 40-130 nm, and the silane modifying liquid is a 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane ethanol solution.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1), the resin is selected from one of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, toughened bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, and recyclable bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and the curing agent is polyamide 650 curing agent.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1), the volume fraction of the chopped carbon nanofiber pellets in the resin is 5% -10%, and the mass ratio of the resin to the curing agent is 1:1.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein in step 1), the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 150W and the dispersion period is 20min.
8. The preparation method of the heat insulation material according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the strength of the stable and constant electromagnetic field is 0.5-2T, the orientation action time is 10-15 min, the temperature of the single-layer curing is 50-60 ℃, the heat insulation time is 30min, the temperature of the whole curing is 80 ℃, and the heat insulation time is 2h.
9. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 3), the ultraviolet femtosecond laser has a wavelength of 355nm, a pulse width of 100-500 fs, an energy density of 20-40J/cm 2 , a pulse overlapping rate of 80% -90%, and a single etching depth of 0.5 μm.
10. An application of the field-assisted additive manufacturing bionic composite material interface structure according to any one of claims 1-2 in interlayer delamination-resistant toughening of fiber-reinforced composite materials and real-time on-line monitoring of structural health.

Description

Bionic composite material interface structure for field-assisted additive manufacturing and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of fiber reinforced composite materials, in particular to a field-assisted additive manufacturing bionic composite material interface structure, a preparation method and application thereof. Background The fiber reinforced composite material (FRP) has the core advantages of high specific strength, high specific rigidity, strong corrosion resistance and light weight, is applied to the key industrial fields of aerospace, rail traffic, high-end wind power equipment, automobile light weight and the like in a large scale, becomes a core structural material for replacing the traditional metal material and realizing equipment performance upgrading, and has the application ratio of 50 percent breakthrough in high-end engineering components such as a passenger A350 wide passenger plane, a Siemens high-speed train and the like, thereby showing irreplaceable industrial value. At present, the conventional fiber reinforced composite material is formed by laminating and compounding carbon fiber cloth and a resin matrix, an interlayer interface is used as a key area for load transmission and stress dispersion, and the structural design and the mechanical property of the conventional fiber reinforced composite material directly determine the overall service stability and the service life of the composite material. At present, aiming at the common pain point of the industry, which is weak in interlayer performance and easy to generate layering damage, the technology optimization is mainly developed in three directions from fiber surface modification, resin matrix optimization and interface interlayer introduction in the industry, and meanwhile, partial research attempts break through the traditional offline detection limitation, and attempt to endow the interlayer damage of the composite with a real-time sensing function so as to realize the cooperative promotion of mechanical performance and health monitoring function. The optimized path in the prior art still has a plurality of defects that the prior art is difficult to avoid, firstly, an interface microstructure is constructed by chemical vapor deposition, laser irradiation, mechanical friction and other means in the fiber surface modification technology, the interlayer fracture toughness can be slightly improved, but the axial mechanical property of a carbon fiber body is extremely easy to damage, so that the overall tensile strength of a composite material is reduced, the suitability of the modification technology is poor, the cost is higher, secondly, the resin matrix is optimized and the toughening is realized by relying on doped nanofillers, the core problems of agglomeration and uneven dispersion of the nanofillers cannot be thoroughly solved, the toughening effect is limited, the molding flowability of the resin matrix is influenced, thirdly, the conventional interface interlayer is mostly a common nanofiber film, the structural design lacks scientific mechanism guidance, only a single interlayer toughening effect can be realized, the interlayer crack expansion and the micro deformation cannot be synchronously perceived, and the function singleness is outstanding. In addition, the traditional fiber reinforced composite material layering damage detection relies on offline detection means such as vortex, ultrasound and rays, short plates which are insufficient in detection precision, long in time consumption and incapable of achieving real-time online early warning exist, and the structural safety monitoring requirement of high-end equipment in the long-term service process is difficult to meet. Therefore, the related technologies of interlayer interface design, preparation and damage monitoring of the existing fiber reinforced composite material have the core problems of incapability of cooperating mechanical toughening and function perception, poor process controllability and low suitability for actual engineering, and the whole technical scheme needs to be further innovated, improved and perfected. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a field-assisted additive manufacturing bionic composite material interface structure, and aims to solve the technical problems that layering damage is likely to occur between traditional fiber reinforced composite materials, mechanical toughening and structural health monitoring functions cannot be coordinated, monitoring signal distortion is caused by uneven dispersion of conductive fillers, and real-time damage early warning cannot be realized by traditional offline detection. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: One of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows: a field-assisted additive manufacturing bionic composite interface structure, comp