CN-121989470-A - Micron carbon fiber composite section bar and manufacturing method thereof

CN121989470ACN 121989470 ACN121989470 ACN 121989470ACN-121989470-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a micron carbon fiber composite section and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the method is that after unreeling and heating large carbon fiber tows in a former factory, the micron carbon fiber ribbons/tows are obtained through a plurality of 'filament spreading-filament picking-filament dividing' treatments; the method comprises the steps of taking micron carbon fiber silk ribbon/silk bundles as warp yarns and weft yarns, manufacturing a closed tubular woven fabric by a weaving method, dipping the closed tubular woven fabric into a high polymer material, then placing the high polymer material into a forming die for curing and forming to obtain a micron carbon fiber composite profile blank, cutting the micron carbon fiber composite profile blank at fixed length, and carrying out surface treatment to obtain a micron carbon fiber composite profile finished product. The wall thickness of the micron carbon fiber section bar prepared by the invention is less than or equal to 100 mu m, the section bar is formed by one-step weaving, the fiber is straightened without buckling, the strength is improved by more than 30%, and 10 mu m-level ultrathin carbon fiber tows/ribbons enable the interlayer to be compact, the fiber parallelism is high, the porosity is low, and the fiber distribution of warp and weft orthorhombic is improved, so that the overall mechanical property of the section bar is improved.

Inventors

LI XIFANG
Cheng Tiannan
ZHOU YUFENG
CHEN HUA
CHEN ZILONG

Assignees

吴江万工机电设备有限公司
苏州力致高性能纤维预制体产业研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260320

Claims (10)

1. The manufacturing method of the micron carbon fiber composite section bar is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step 1), unreeling and heating large carbon fiber tows in a former factory, and carrying out multiple 'filament spreading-filament picking-filament dividing' treatment to obtain micron carbon fiber ribbons/tows; step 2) taking the micro carbon fiber ribbon/tow as warp yarn and weft yarn, and manufacturing a closed tubular woven fabric by a weaving method; Step 3) dipping the closed tubular woven fabric into a high polymer material, and then placing the material into a forming die for curing and forming to obtain a micron carbon fiber composite profile blank; And 4) cutting the micrometer carbon fiber composite section blank to a fixed length, and carrying out surface treatment to prepare a micrometer carbon fiber composite section finished product.
2. The method for manufacturing the carbon fiber composite profile according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of spreading, picking up and dividing is as follows: Drawing the heated carbon fiber big tow of a former factory to carry out tow stretching through an equal-path space displacement conversion tow stretching device to obtain a carbon fiber big tow band which is stretched in parallel and has no cross kink, wherein the space displacements of the fiber filaments of the carbon fiber big tow band in the upward direction and/or the width direction are all kept at the same path length; then, the carbon fiber large silk ribbon is pulled to be primarily divided by a silk dividing frame, the carbon fiber large silk ribbon is primarily divided into n strands of carbon fiber small silk ribbon by the silk dividing frame, and is tensioned on the silk dividing frame under the action of pulling force, wherein n is a natural number larger than 1; Then, respectively carrying out weight comparison detection on each adjacent 2 carbon fiber small tow band by using a yarn splitting detection electronic balance, and giving out weight comparison detection results among each adjacent 2 carbon fiber small tow bands; After the weight comparison detection result is obtained, the filament pick-up device and the poking needle are adopted to adjust the number of monofilaments among each two adjacent 2 carbon fiber tows, and then a filament separation detection electronic balance is used to carry out weight comparison detection, and the operation is repeated until the weights of all n carbon fiber tows are equal; and finally, sequentially drawing the n strands of carbon fiber small silk belts with the same weight, passing through a silk separating guide device and a small silk belt silk spreading device, and winding the small silk belts on corresponding small silk drums.
3. The manufacturing method of the micron carbon fiber composite profile according to claim 1, wherein the equal path space displacement conversion wire spreading device comprises a first limiting element, an equal path space displacement conversion element and a second limiting element, wherein the equal path space displacement conversion element is provided with an equal path space displacement conversion curved surface with an inclined angle with a width plane of a carbon fiber large wire harness, and the first limiting element and the second limiting element are respectively positioned at the front side and the rear side of the equal path space displacement conversion element; When equal path space displacement conversion filament spreading is performed, the first limiting element can limit the relative horizontal height and distance when the width plane of the carbon fiber large filament band enters the equal path space displacement conversion element, the equal path space displacement conversion element can enable the fiber filament in the carbon fiber large filament band passing through the equal path space displacement conversion curved surface to generate space displacement upwards and/or in the width direction, the space displacement of the fiber filament of the carbon fiber large filament band upwards and/or in the width direction is kept the same path length, and the second limiting element can limit the relative horizontal height and distance when the width plane of the carbon fiber large filament band leaves the equal path space displacement conversion element, and reshape the carbon fiber large filament band which is in a space curved surface state after widening into a plane to be output.
4. The manufacturing method of the micron carbon fiber composite section bar according to claim 1, wherein the wire separation detection electronic balance comprises a one-day platform shell, an MCU single chip microcomputer, a bridge type detection circuit, an amplifying circuit and a communication interface are arranged in the balance shell, a clear/start button, a display and a multiplying power adjusting button are arranged outside the balance shell, the bridge type detection circuit is connected with the MCU single chip microcomputer through the amplifying circuit, the bridge type detection circuit can detect the mass of a small wire bundle and output a bridge error signal, the amplifying circuit can amplify the bridge error signal, the amplifying circuit is a program-controlled amplifying circuit, the MCU single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the communication interface, the clear/start button, the display and the multiplying power adjusting button, the communication interface can realize the communication connection between the MCU single chip microcomputer and a control background, the clear/start button can eliminate drift error of the bridge type detection circuit through the MCU single chip microcomputer or control the bridge type detection circuit to start measurement, the display can display the bridge error signal output by the MCU single chip microcomputer and the multiplying power adjusting button can adjust the multiplying power of the MCU single chip microcomputer through the amplifying circuit; The middle part of the upper surface of the balance shell is provided with a T-shaped block, the plane shapes of the balance shell and the T-shaped block are in central axis symmetry, the lower surfaces of the left side and the right side of the left side of the T-shaped block and the left side and the right side of the upper surface of the balance shell respectively form two detection grooves which are bilaterally symmetrical, the opening of the detection groove on the left side faces to the left, and the opening of the detection groove on the right side faces to the right; When the weight comparison detection is carried out, firstly, under the condition that two detection grooves of the yarn-dividing detection electronic balance are empty grooves, the zero clearing/starting button is pressed for a short time, numerical deviation caused by bridge drift is eliminated, the bridge is in an initial balance state, the numerical value on the display is zero, then the yarn-dividing detection electronic balance after zero clearing is pushed between two adjacent 2 carbon fiber small tow bands in the yarn-dividing frame, the adjacent 2 carbon fiber small tow bands symmetrically fall into the two detection grooves of the yarn-dividing detection electronic balance, then the zero clearing/starting button is pressed for a long time, the yarn-dividing detection electronic balance is started to carry out weight comparison measurement on the adjacent 2 carbon fiber small tow bands, a measurement result is displayed on the display in a numerical value mode, finally the yarn-dividing detection electronic balance is withdrawn from between the adjacent 2 carbon fiber small tow bands, the numerical value on the display is kept to be displayed, then the numerical value is observed, if the numerical value on the display is not zero, the weight of the adjacent 2 carbon fiber small tow bands is not equal, the weight of the adjacent 2 carbon fiber small tow is required to be detected, and the weight of the adjacent carbon fiber small tow is required to be equal, the weight comparison is carried out, and the weight comparison is carried out.
5. The manufacturing method of the micron carbon fiber composite section bar according to claim 1, wherein the wire picking device comprises a frame-shaped support, a driving synchronous pulley is arranged at the bottom end inside the frame-shaped support, a driven synchronous pulley is arranged at the top end inside the frame-shaped support, a synchronous belt is wound between the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley, conical wheels with diameters gradually decreasing from outside to inside are respectively arranged at two ends of a rotating shaft of the driven synchronous pulley, a wire collecting plate is arranged between the two conical wheels, the wire collecting plate is fixedly connected with the top end outside the frame-shaped support, and a wire collecting groove is formed in the upper surface of the wire collecting plate; The frame-type bracket is arranged on a handheld device, the handheld device comprises a handle, a deep groove which is convenient for the frame-type bracket to be inserted downwards is formed in the upper surface of the handle, a battery, a miniature motor, a switch and a transmission mechanism are arranged in the handle, when the frame-type bracket is inserted downwards into the deep groove, two conical wheels and a wire collecting plate are positioned above the handle, the battery supplies power for the miniature motor, the switch is responsible for power on-off of the miniature motor, and the miniature motor is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft of a driving synchronous belt wheel through the transmission mechanism; The conical surface of the small conical wheel is engraved with 2 groups of micro grooves circumferentially, each 2 groups of micro grooves comprises a plurality of micro grooves, the distance between the 2 groups of micro grooves is obviously larger than the distance between two adjacent micro grooves in the same group of micro grooves, and the width and the depth of each micro groove can only accommodate 1 carbon fiber monofilament and can not accommodate more than 2 carbon fiber monofilaments; The yarn picking device can quantitatively separate a plurality of carbon fiber monofilaments from the strand of carbon fiber small yarn belts with larger weight among the adjacent 2 strands of carbon fiber small yarn belts under the cooperation of a shifting needle, and the separated carbon fiber monofilaments are incorporated into the strand of carbon fiber small yarn belts with smaller weight among the adjacent 2 strands of carbon fiber small yarn belts; when the number of the monofilaments is adjusted, the yarn picking device is moved to the lower part of the adjacent 2 strands of small carbon fiber yarns, and a micro motor of the yarn picking device is started, so that the left conical wheel and the right conical wheel are driven by a synchronous belt to rotate simultaneously, under the condition that the conical wheels rotate, the outer side edges of the large conical wheels of the conical wheels on the same side of the adjacent 2 strands of small carbon fiber yarns touch the inner side edges of the large conical wheels of the adjacent 2 strands of small carbon fiber yarns, the yarn picking device is slightly and upwards displaced, a small number of carbon fiber monofilaments to be separated subsequently are selected, then the yarn picking device is continuously and slightly and upwards displaced, the small number of selected carbon fiber monofilaments are separated from the inner side edges of the large carbon fiber yarns of the adjacent 2 strands of small carbon fiber yarns under the action of tension and are evenly separated along the smooth conical surfaces of the corresponding large conical wheels, the small carbon fiber yarns are separated, the primary carbon fiber monofilaments are separated, the primary carbon fiber yarns are further separated from the large carbon fiber yarns by the small conical wheels, the small carbon fiber yarns are evenly separated from the small conical wheels, and the small carbon fiber yarns fall into the conical wheels to be separated from the small conical wheels by the small conical wheels, the method comprises the steps of completing secondary unfolding and number confirmation, utilizing a poking needle to poke the carbon fiber monofilaments with confirmed number to a yarn collecting plate of a yarn collecting device, repeating the operations of selecting, separating and poking until the carbon fiber monofilaments with sufficient number are collected on the yarn collecting plate if the number of the carbon fiber monofilaments separated once is insufficient, firstly poking the carbon fiber monofilaments positioned on a large conical wheel back to a strand of a small carbon fiber yarn band to which the carbon fiber monofilaments with sufficient number are belted by utilizing the poking needle after the carbon fiber monofilaments with sufficient number are collected on the yarn collecting plate, then further moving the yarn collecting device upwards, driving the carbon fiber monofilaments with a certain number positioned on the yarn collecting plate upwards to cross the yarn dividing stop nails of a yarn dividing frame and the reference object center line, and then transversely moving the yarn collecting device, driving the carbon fiber monofilaments with a certain number positioned on the yarn collecting plate to transversely move into the strand of the small carbon fiber yarn band with smaller weight in the 2 strands of small carbon fiber yarn bands, and finally withdrawing the yarn collecting device, so as to complete yarn collection once.
6. The method for manufacturing the carbon fiber composite profile according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber band/tow is a single-layer fiber band product of a specific width, a fiber tow product of a specific number of filaments or a fiber monofilament product of a specific number of filaments.
7. The method for producing a micro carbon fiber composite section according to claim 1, wherein the weaving method is a warp-weft orthogonal interweaving of a closed tubular fabric by a loom with shuttle weft insertion, the warp yarn is the length direction of the closed tubular fabric, the weft yarn is the circumferential direction of the closed tubular fabric, The loom for shuttle weft insertion is a circular loom or a flat loom; the closed tubular fabric is a single-layer closed tubular fabric or a multi-layer closed tubular fabric; the perimeter of the outmost weft yarn of the closed tubular fabric is equal to the perimeter of the outline of the micron carbon fiber composite section.
8. The method for manufacturing a carbon fiber composite profile according to claim 1, wherein the polymer material is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material.
9. The method for manufacturing the micron carbon fiber composite section bar according to claim 1, wherein the forming die is an internal-die-free die, and the closed tubular woven fabric impregnated with the high-molecular material is tightly attached to the inner wall of the forming die by filling high-pressure gas into the forming die.
10. A carbon fiber composite profile manufactured by the manufacturing method of carbon fiber composite according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the carbon fiber composite profile is a pipe fitting with a circular section, a rectangular section or a special section.

Description

Micron carbon fiber composite section bar and manufacturing method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a micron carbon fiber composite section bar and a manufacturing method thereof. Background With the rapid increase of the demands of aerospace, precision robots, medical instruments, high-end consumer electronics and other fields on 'light-high-strength-microscale' structural parts, traditional metal (stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminum and the like) or injection-molded high polymer profiles have exposed bottlenecks of insufficient specific strength, poor fatigue resistance, difficult integration of electromagnetic shielding/heat conducting functions and the like at millimeter or even submillimeter scales. For example, the fields of precision robots, satellites and microsatellites, long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles, medical instruments, bionic materials and the like all need a closed-section slender pipe fitting profile with an outer diameter of millimeter level and a wall thickness of micrometer level, and the requirements of light weight, high strength, complex abnormal shape and biocompatibility are difficult to be met by the traditional metal capillary or extruded plastic. The carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix Composite (CFRP) has the density of only 1.5-1.8g/cm 3 (typical value is 1.75g/cm 3), the specific strength of 4-6 times of the aluminum alloy, the specific modulus of 6-8 times of the aluminum alloy and strong designability, and is a preferred material for replacing metals. At present, the processes for manufacturing the composite pipe fitting mainly comprise two processes of pultrusion and winding. The pultrusions have longitudinal (lengthwise) fibers without circumferential fibers, while the wrappings have circumferential fibers without longitudinal fibers. This irrational distribution of fibers results in the mechanical properties of the composite pipe being affected. If the woven piece is used as the composite pipe fitting, as the warp yarn of the woven piece is longitudinal fiber and the weft yarn is circumferential fiber, and the warp yarn and the weft yarn are in orthogonal interweaving, the composite pipe fitting has excellent mechanical property after solidification, and is obviously superior to a pultrusion piece and a winding piece, especially for a millimeter-sized carbon fiber composite material section, the wall thickness is very thin, and the advantages of the carbon fiber can be fully exerted only by doing so. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a micron carbon fiber composite section and a manufacturing method thereof, which are used for manufacturing a micron carbon fiber section with excellent mechanical properties by adopting a micron carbon fiber ribbon/tow obtained through multiple 'filament spreading-filament picking-filament dividing' treatment so as to fully exert the advantages of carbon fibers. In order to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the micron carbon fiber composite section bar comprises the following steps: step 1), unreeling and heating large carbon fiber tows in a former factory, and carrying out multiple 'filament spreading-filament picking-filament dividing' treatment to obtain micron carbon fiber ribbons/tows; step 2) taking the micro carbon fiber ribbon/tow as warp yarn and weft yarn, and manufacturing a closed tubular woven fabric by a weaving method; Step 3) dipping the closed tubular woven fabric into a high polymer material, and then placing the material into a forming die for curing and forming to obtain a micron carbon fiber composite profile blank; And 4) cutting the micrometer carbon fiber composite section blank to a fixed length, and carrying out surface treatment to prepare a micrometer carbon fiber composite section finished product. Further, the specific method of the spreading, picking and dividing comprises the following steps: Drawing the heated carbon fiber big tow of a former factory to carry out tow stretching through an equal-path space displacement conversion tow stretching device to obtain a carbon fiber big tow band which is stretched in parallel and has no cross kink, wherein the space displacements of the fiber filaments of the carbon fiber big tow band in the upward direction and/or the width direction are all kept at the same path length; then, the carbon fiber large silk ribbon is pulled to be primarily divided by a silk dividing frame, the carbon fiber large silk ribbon is primarily divided into n strands of carbon fiber small silk ribbon by the silk dividing frame, and is tensioned on the silk dividing frame under the action of pulling force, wherein n is a natural number larger than 1; Then, respectively carrying out weight comparison detection on each adjacent