CN-121989522-A - Hard-tough alternately-laminated light-weight corrosion-resistant composite material and preparation method thereof

CN121989522ACN 121989522 ACN121989522 ACN 121989522ACN-121989522-A

Abstract

The invention provides a hard-tough alternate laminated light-weight corrosion-resistant composite material which comprises a laminated matrix, a metallurgical-mechanical composite interface, a conductive polymer corrosion-resistant coating and a light-weight corrosion-resistant composite material, wherein the laminated matrix is formed by periodically and alternately stacking a high-strength aluminum alloy layer and a carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin layer, a nanoscale coarse structure is formed on the surface of an aluminum alloy through plasma activation treatment and is combined with the thermoplastic resin matrix to form a transition area with mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding, the conductive polymer corrosion-resistant coating is covered on the surface of the outermost layer of the laminated matrix, and the preparation steps of the light-weight corrosion-resistant composite material comprise surface pretreatment, plasma activation treatment, laying, hot press solidification and corrosion-resistant coating preparation.

Inventors

Gu Kunlian
HE WENYING
ZHANG HAIFENG
WU HAIFENG
HUANG YUERUI

Assignees

珠海拾比佰新型材料有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260324

Claims (10)

1. A lightweight corrosion resistant composite material of alternating hard and tough laminates, comprising: The laminated parent body is formed by periodically and alternately stacking high-strength aluminum alloy layers and carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin layers; The metallurgical-mechanical composite interface is positioned between the high-strength aluminum alloy layer and the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin layer, a nanoscale coarse structure is formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy through plasma activation treatment, and the metallurgical-mechanical composite interface is combined with the thermoplastic resin matrix to form a transition area with mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding; and the conductive polymer anti-corrosion coating is covered on the surface of the outermost layer of the laminated matrix.
2. The hard-tough alternating laminated lightweight corrosion resistant composite material according to claim 1, wherein the total number of layers of the high strength aluminum alloy layer and the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin layer in the laminate matrix is an odd number.
3. The hard-tough alternate laminated lightweight corrosion-resistant composite material according to claim 1, wherein the high-strength aluminum alloy layer has a single-layer thickness of 0.1-0.5mm, the matrix of the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin layer is polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide or polyetherimide, and the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin layer has a single-layer thickness of 0.1-0.3mm.
4. The hard-tough alternating laminated lightweight corrosion resistant composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the metallurgical-mechanical composite interface, the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the surface of the aluminum alloy after the plasma activation treatment is 150-300nm, and the contact angle is less than 10 °.
5. The hard-tough alternating laminated lightweight corrosion resistant composite material according to claim 1, wherein the conductive polymer corrosion resistant coating is a coating formed by compounding polyaniline, polypyrrole or polythiophene type conductive polymer with a resin matrix, and the dry film thickness of the conductive polymer corrosion resistant coating is 20-50 μm.
6. A method of making a lightweight corrosion resistant composite material of alternating hard and tough laminates according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of: S1, surface pretreatment, namely cleaning and degreasing the surface of a high-strength aluminum alloy plate; S2, performing plasma activation treatment, namely performing atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy, forming a nanoscale coarse structure on the surface and improving the surface energy; S3, alternately laying the treated aluminum alloy layers and the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic prepreg according to a design sequence to form a preform; s4, hot-press solidifying, namely placing the preform into a hot-press device, and hot-press forming at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of thermoplastic resin to combine the resin matrix with the activated aluminum alloy surface to form a laminated matrix with a metallurgical-mechanical composite interface; s5, preparing an anti-corrosion coating, namely coating conductive polymer anti-corrosion coating slurry on the surface of the outermost layer of the laminated matrix, and curing to form the conductive polymer anti-corrosion coating.
7. The method for preparing a lightweight corrosion resistant composite material with alternating hard and tough laminates according to claim 6, wherein in S2, the plasma activation treatment adopts a mixed gas of argon and oxygen, the power of the plasma activation treatment is 200-500W, and the treatment time is 60-180S.
8. The method for preparing a lightweight corrosion resistant composite material with alternate hard and tough laminates according to claim 6, wherein in S4, the hot press forming temperature is 350-400 ℃, the pressure is 1-2MPa, the heat preservation time is 20-40min, and the pressure is relieved after cooling to below 150 ℃ under the pressure maintaining state.
9. The method for preparing a lightweight corrosion resistant composite material with alternating hard and tough laminates according to claim 6, wherein in S5, the conductive polymer corrosion resistant coating slurry is prepared by mixing conductive polymer powder, a resin matrix, a curing agent and a solvent, and is applied by spraying, knife coating or dipping.
10. The method of producing a hard-tough alternating laminated lightweight corrosion resistant composite material according to claim 6, wherein the time interval between S3 and S2 is not more than 15min.

Description

Hard-tough alternately-laminated light-weight corrosion-resistant composite material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a hard-tough alternately-laminated lightweight corrosion-resistant composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Lightweight materials are increasingly widely applied in the fields of aerospace, transportation, ocean engineering and the like, but the existing lightweight material system often faces the technical problem that the comprehensive performance is difficult to balance. Although the light metal materials such as aluminum alloy and the like have low density and good processability, the impact abrasion resistance and the environmental corrosion resistance of the light metal materials are insufficient, and particularly the problems of pitting corrosion, intergranular corrosion and the like are prominent in corrosive environments such as ocean atmosphere and the like. The carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite has the advantages of high specific strength and high specific modulus, but has weak interlayer impact resistance, is easy to generate layering damage under impact load, and is easy to induce galvanic corrosion when being connected with metal parts. In the prior art, in order to solve the problem of combining metal and composite materials, a cementing or mechanical connection mode is mostly adopted. The adhesive joint interface is easy to be affected by environmental aging, the interface strength is obviously attenuated, the mechanical connection breaks the fiber continuity and introduces stress concentration points, and meanwhile, the connection holes become channels for invasion of corrosive media. For corrosion protection, the traditional method is to apply an anti-corrosion coating on the surface of a material, but most of the coating is shielded by an animal, and once mechanical damage occurs, the protection effect fails, and galvanic corrosion generated when heterogeneous materials are contacted cannot be effectively inhibited. In recent years, research is being conducted on laminating metal and composite materials to obtain performance complementation, but the insufficient interface bonding strength and the insufficient corrosion resistance of the system are key factors for limiting engineering application. Disclosure of Invention It is an object of the present invention to provide a lightweight corrosion resistant composite material with alternating layers of hard and tough, and another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the lightweight corrosion resistant composite material with alternating layers of hard and tough. In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the following technical scheme is adopted: a lightweight corrosion resistant composite material of alternating hard and tough laminates, comprising: The laminated parent body is formed by periodically and alternately stacking high-strength aluminum alloy layers and carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin layers; The metallurgical-mechanical composite interface is positioned between the high-strength aluminum alloy layer and the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin layer, a nanoscale coarse structure is formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy through plasma activation treatment, and the metallurgical-mechanical composite interface is combined with the thermoplastic resin matrix to form a transition area with mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding; and the conductive polymer anti-corrosion coating is covered on the surface of the outermost layer of the laminated matrix. In the present invention, the laminate precursors form a hard-tough alternating structure on a macroscopic scale. Specifically, the laminated parent body takes a high-strength aluminum alloy layer as a hard bearing and abrasion-resistant unit of an outer layer, and takes a carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin layer as a toughness supporting and energy absorbing unit of an inner layer. The two are alternately stacked on a macroscopic scale strictly following the periodical sequence of an aluminum layer-composite material layer-aluminum layer, so as to form a heterogeneous periodical structure with obvious acoustic impedance difference. This orderly alternation of hard (metal) and tough (composite) in space, not a simple lamination of materials, but rather builds up a totally new multi-stage energy management and dissipation configuration. When bearing dynamic impact load, the hard aluminum alloy of the outer layer resists invasion and cutting at first, impact energy is transmitted to the tough composite material layer of the inner layer immediately, and is absorbed in a large quantity through micro-cracking of the matrix and plastic deformation of the fiber bundles, and meanwhile, stress waves are repeatedly reflected and refracted at the p