CN-121989524-A - Lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a lightning-proof conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the lightning-proof conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material has a layered structure, the composite epoxy resin composite material comprises a plurality of conductive glass fiber fabric layers and a plurality of dielectric material composite epoxy resin layers, wherein the conductive glass fiber fabric layers and the dielectric material composite epoxy resin layers are sequentially staggered and layered. The composite material disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the conductive glass fiber fabric and the dielectric material are used for synergistically reinforcing and toughening the epoxy resin, so that the composite material can resist external impact, meanwhile, the conductive glass fiber fabric layer can also enhance the electrical property of the composite material, the electrostatic dissipation and current conduction of the composite material are facilitated, the lightning stroke protection is realized, the lightning stroke resistance of the composite material is endowed, and the composite material can be widely applied to the field of composite materials for aerospace.

Inventors

• XUAN SHOUHU
• LIU SHUAI
• LI WENWEN
• MA HONGHAO
• GONG XINGLONG

Assignees

• 中国科学技术大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20241107

Claims (10)

1. 1. The lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material is characterized by having a layered structure, and comprising a plurality of conductive glass fiber fabric layers (1) and a plurality of dielectric material composite epoxy resin layers (2), wherein the conductive glass fiber fabric layers (1) and the dielectric material composite epoxy resin layers (2) are sequentially staggered and layered.
2. 2. The lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the conductive glass fiber fabric layer (1) comprises a glass fiber fabric and a conductive material attached to the glass fiber fabric.
3. 3. The lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 2, wherein the glass fiber fabric is formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns, the warp yarns and the weft yarns are all made of glass fibers, and a preset angle is formed between radial yarns of any two adjacent conductive glass fiber fabric layers; and/or the conductive material is MXene.
4. 4. The lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite of claim 3, wherein the predetermined angle is 0 °, 45 °, or 90 °; and/or the glass fiber fabric is pretreated glass fiber fabric, wherein the pretreatment is to soak the glass fiber fabric in ethanol and then dry the glass fiber fabric.
5. 5. The lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric material composite epoxy resin layer (2) is prepared from a dielectric material and epoxy resin, and the dielectric material is rutile type nano TiO 2 .
6. 6. A method of preparing a lightning resistant electrically conductive glass fibre reinforced composite material according to any of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of: S1, preparing a conductive material solution, soaking a glass fiber fabric in the conductive material solution, and then taking out and drying the glass fiber fabric; S2, uniformly mixing a dielectric material and epoxy resin to obtain a homogeneous dielectric material-epoxy resin mixture, uniformly mixing the homogeneous dielectric material-epoxy resin mixture with a curing agent, and removing bubbles in vacuum to obtain a dielectric material-epoxy resin precursor; S3, rolling and dipping the dielectric material-epoxy resin precursor on the surface of the conductive glass fiber fabric to obtain a fabric-epoxy resin prepreg; s4, sequentially and alternately laying and laminating the fabric-epoxy resin prepreg and the dielectric material-epoxy resin precursor to obtain a conductive glass fiber fabric-epoxy resin precursor; S5, curing the conductive glass fiber fabric-epoxy resin precursor to obtain the lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material with the layered structure.
7. 7. The method for preparing the lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 6, wherein in the step S1, the conductive material solution is an MXene aqueous dispersion, and the method for preparing the conductive material solution comprises the following steps: S11, dissolving LiF powder in an HCl solution, and continuously stirring to obtain a solution A; S12, slowly adding MAX into the solution A, and continuously stirring to obtain a solution B; S13, adding distilled water into the solution B through centrifugation and ultrasonic washing until the pH value of supernatant is 6, performing ultrasonic treatment, and centrifuging to obtain an MXene water dispersion; And/or in the step S1, the times of soaking are 1-3 times, and the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃ and the drying time is 10-15min.
8. 8. The method for preparing the lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 6, wherein in the step S2, the dielectric material accounts for 1-2% of the mass of the epoxy resin in the homogeneous dielectric material-epoxy resin mixture; And/or, in the step S2, the dielectric material is rutile type nano TiO 2 ; And/or in step S2, the mass ratio of the homogeneous dielectric material-epoxy resin mixture to the curing agent is 3.2-3.5:1.
9. 9. The method for preparing the lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 6, wherein in the step S3, the step of roll-pressing and impregnating the dielectric material-epoxy resin precursor on the surface of the conductive glass fiber fabric comprises the steps of pouring the dielectric material-epoxy resin precursor on the surface of the conductive glass fiber fabric and uniformly roll-pressing the dielectric material-epoxy resin precursor on the surface of the conductive glass fiber fabric through a roller; and/or, in step S4, a predetermined angle is formed between radial yarns of any two adjacent fabric-epoxy prepregs in the fabric-epoxy prepreg; And/or in the step S5, the curing is performed in a hot press for 20-30min under the conditions of 30-40 ℃ and 2 MPa.
10. 10. Use of an anti-lightning conductive glass fiber reinforced composite according to any of claims 1-5 as an aerospace composite.

Description

Lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to an anti-lightning conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material, a preparation method and application thereof. Background The composite material has been widely used in ARJ and C919 modern passenger plane due to the light weight, excellent mechanical property, corrosion resistance and high designability. Compared with the traditional metal material, the composite material can effectively lighten the weight of the aircraft and improve the fuel efficiency, thereby improving the passenger capacity. The epoxy resin is a polymer with good heat resistance, corrosion resistance, high insulating property and simple processing, and is a main matrix material in the aircraft composite material. Because of the brittleness of the epoxy resin, the light high-strength fiber material is often compounded as a reinforcing phase with the matrix resin, thereby remarkably improving the mechanical properties of the resin, such as tensile strength, bending strength and the like. Carbon fiber and glass fiber are applied to fiber reinforced composite materials more, and both have the characteristics of high strength and high modulus, but the carbon fiber material has high price and high cost, so that the application of the carbon fiber material in industrial production is limited. Glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite materials are one of the composite materials which are mature in research technology and widely applied at present. Lightning strike is a common problem in aircraft flight, and the electrical performance of the composite material is often limited, so that the aircraft is extremely susceptible to ablation and breakdown damage, and potential safety hazards are caused. The most common practice is to bond a metal mesh or foil to the outer surface of the composite structure to increase the electrical conductivity of the composite structure, but this also inevitably leads to an increase in the weight of the fuselage. In recent years, a strategy for improving the conductivity of a composite material is paid more attention, and conductive fillers (graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes and the like) are generally introduced into a resin matrix to realize conductive modification of the matrix. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN113930055A discloses a functionalized graphene-epoxy composite material, which has high conductivity, and can reduce damage of lightning strike to components through energy dissipation, thus providing an effective solution for development of lightning strike resistant materials. As another example, chinese patent publication No. CN115558238B discloses a super hybrid conductive resin, in which a plurality of carbon nano materials (carbon nanotubes, carbon black, carbon nanofibers, etc.) are compounded, and the finally obtained composite material has low porosity, stable mechanical properties and excellent lightning-proof effect. However, the fiber and resin components in the fiber reinforced resin composite material have different properties, poor compatibility between the interfaces, and the two are difficult to form a whole, so that the advantages of the two cannot be fully exerted, and the improvement of the compatibility between the interfaces is a key for improving the comprehensive performance of the composite material. At present, most of composite materials are researched to be reinforced in a one-dimensional fiber form, and are reinforced in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional fabric form to be less, so that structural design is difficult to enhance mechanical properties. At present, the preparation of the lightning-resistant composite material with excellent mechanical property and electrical property is still a difficult problem, and further research is needed. Disclosure of Invention Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a lightning-strike-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the lightning-strike-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material has good lightning-strike-resistant performance and excellent mechanical performance. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The invention provides a lightning-proof conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material which has a layered structure and comprises a plurality of conductive glass fiber fabric layers and a plurality of dielectric material composite epoxy resin layers, wherein the conductive glass fiber fabric layers and the dielectric material composite epoxy resin layers are sequentially staggered and layered. The lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material provided by the invention has a layered struc