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CN-121990011-A - Opening and closing control device, bottom door mechanism and railway wagon

CN121990011ACN 121990011 ACN121990011 ACN 121990011ACN-121990011-A

Abstract

The application discloses an opening and closing control device, a bottom door mechanism and a railway wagon, which comprises a supporting seat and a control mechanism, wherein the control mechanism comprises a control main body, a driving rocker arm and a driving rocker arm, wherein the control main body comprises a fixed seat and a rotating body, a blocking shaft is arranged on the rotating body, a space for inserting a crowbar is formed between the blocking shaft and a driving shaft, the crowbar uses the driving shaft as a fulcrum to drive the blocking shaft to rotate around the driving shaft, the driving rocker arm is configured to be in transmission connection with a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is a transmission shaft for driving a bottom door leaf to open and close, and the rotating body is configured to drive the driving rocker arm to swing. The application takes the driving shaft as a fulcrum, the crow bar as a lever and the baffle shaft as a force application point to form a labor-saving lever system. The operator can overcome the huge resistance moment of the bottom door leaf with smaller force, so that the opening and closing of the bottom door leaf can be manually operated, and the operation process is controllable. In addition, through lifting and pressing down on the crow bar, the rotator rotates, so that the door leaf of the bottom door can be rapidly opened and closed, and the door opening and closing efficiency is high.

Inventors

  • ZHAO YUYE
  • LIU CAIYUN
  • ZHANG LUYING
  • WU ZHENGUO
  • BAI XUE
  • QIU ZHONGBO

Assignees

  • 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260326

Claims (18)

  1. 1. An opening/closing operation device characterized by comprising a support base (100) and an operation mechanism (200), the operation mechanism (200) comprising: The control device comprises at least one control main body, a control device and a control device, wherein the control main body comprises a fixed seat and a rotating body which is rotationally connected to the fixed seat through a driving shaft, a blocking shaft is arranged on the rotating body, the blocking shaft and the driving shaft are arranged at intervals, and a space for inserting a crowbar (400) is formed between the blocking shaft and the driving shaft, so that the crowbar (400) takes the driving shaft as a fulcrum to drive the blocking shaft to rotate around the driving shaft; The driving rocker arm (230) is configured to be in transmission connection with a transmission shaft (600), the transmission shaft (600) is a transmission shaft for driving the bottom door leaf (500) to open and close, and the rotating body is configured to drive the driving rocker arm (230) to swing.
  2. 2. The opening/closing operation device according to claim 1, wherein the operation bodies are two, a first operation body (210) and a second operation body (220), respectively, and the first operation body (210) and the second operation body (220) are arranged in the vehicle width direction so as to be located on both sides of the railway wagon in the vehicle width direction, respectively; the rotating body of the first control main body (210) is a first rotating body, the rotating body of the second control main body (220) is a second rotating body, a first one of the first rotating body and the second rotating body is in transmission connection with the driving rocker arm (230), and a second one of the first rotating body and the second rotating body is in transmission connection with the driving rocker arm (230) or the first one.
  3. 3. The opening/closing operation device according to claim 2, wherein the first rotating body is in transmission connection with the driving rocker arm (230) through a first link (240), and the second rotating body is in transmission connection with the driving rocker arm (230) through a second link (250); Or alternatively The first rotating body is in transmission connection with the driving rocker arm (230) through a first connecting rod (240), and the second rotating body is in transmission connection with the first rotating body through a second connecting rod (250).
  4. 4. The opening/closing operation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotating body includes a middle rotating portion and edge rotating portions located on both sides of the middle rotating portion, the middle rotating portion and the edge rotating portions being each fixed to the drive shaft and arranged at intervals in an axial direction of the drive shaft; The blocking shaft comprises a door closing operation blocking shaft and a door opening operation blocking shaft, the door closing operation blocking shaft is fixed between the middle rotating part and one of the edge rotating parts, and the door opening operation blocking shaft is fixed between the middle rotating part and the other one of the edge rotating parts.
  5. 5. The opening/closing operation device according to claim 4, wherein the door opening operation blocking shaft is located closer to the outside of the railway wagon than the drive shaft in the vehicle width direction of the railway wagon with the bottom door leaf (500) in a door-closed state; and/or the number of the groups of groups, When the bottom door leaf (500) is in a door opening state, the door closing operation blocking shaft is positioned closer to the outer side of the railway wagon than the driving shaft in the width direction of the railway wagon.
  6. 6. The opening/closing operation device according to claim 4, wherein the number of the door closing operation blocking shafts in the rotating body is two, wherein a first door closing space for inserting a crowbar (400) is formed between one of the door closing operation blocking shafts and the driving shaft, and a second door closing space for inserting the crowbar (400) is formed between the other door closing operation blocking shaft and the driving shaft.
  7. 7. The opening/closing operation device according to claim 6, wherein the rotor rotates by n ° when the bottom door leaf (500) is switched from the door opening state to the door closing state, and the center angle of the two door closing operation blocking shafts around the drive shaft is m °, and m ° is 0.25n ° to 0.75n °.
  8. 8. The opening/closing operation device according to claim 4, wherein the operation body further comprises a limit plate fixed to the fixed base, and the crow bar (400) is formed to limit with the limit plate when the crow bar (400) drives the door closing operation blocking shaft to rotate around the driving shaft to the door closing state of the bottom door leaf (500).
  9. 9. The opening/closing operation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein when the bottom door leaf (500) is switched from the door open state to the door closed state, the crow bar (400) drives the door closing operation blocking shaft to rotate downward around the drive shaft; When the bottom door leaf (500) is switched from a door closing state to a door opening state, the crow bar (400) drives the door opening operation blocking shaft to rotate upwards around the driving shaft.
  10. 10. The opening/closing operation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein at least one of the operation bodies is provided with a first elastic restoring means (260), and one end of the first elastic restoring means (260) is connected to the support base (100) and the other end is connected to a rotating body of the operation body to output a spring force for driving the bottom door leaf (500) to move in a closing direction.
  11. 11. A bottom door mechanism, comprising: a bottom door leaf (500), one end of which is hinged at the discharge opening of the railway wagon and is configured to close the discharge opening; a transmission shaft (600) and a link mechanism, wherein the transmission shaft (600) is hinged with the bottom door leaf (500) through the link mechanism; the opening and closing operation device is an opening and closing operation device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the driving rocker arm (230) is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft (600); A locking device (300) configured to limit rotation of the rotator of at least one of the manipulating bodies in a case where the bottom door leaf (500) is in a door-closed state.
  12. 12. The bottom door mechanism according to claim 11, characterized in that said locking means (300) comprise a ratchet-pawl mechanism, a second elastic return means (370) and an unlocking mechanism, said ratchet-pawl mechanism comprising a ratchet means (310) and a pawl means (320), said ratchet means (310) being in driving connection with the driving shaft of said operating body, said pawl means (320) being hinged on said support (100); One end of the second elastic reset device (370) is connected to the supporting seat (100), and the other end is connected to the pawl device (320) so as to drive the pawl device (320) to be matched with the ratchet device (310) to limit the bottom door leaf (500) to rotate towards the opening direction; the unlocking mechanism is configured to drive the pawl device (320) out of engagement with the ratchet device (310).
  13. 13. The bottom door mechanism of claim 12, wherein the unlocking mechanism comprises: a rotating arm (350) rotatably connected to the support base (100); A pulling arm (360) with one end hinged to the rotating arm (350) and the other end hinged to the pawl device (320); And one end of the pull arm (340) is hinged to the rotating arm (350), the support seat (100) is arranged on the sliding support seat (141), a sliding groove is formed in the sliding support seat (141), and the pull arm (340) is supported by the sliding groove.
  14. 14. The bottom door mechanism of claim 13, wherein the sliding support (141) is provided with a first pin hole, the handle arm (340) is provided with a second pin hole corresponding to the first pin hole, and the first pin hole and the second pin hole are configured to pass through a locking pin.
  15. 15. Bottom door mechanism according to claim 12, wherein said ratchet-pawl mechanism is a plurality, each of said ratchet-pawl mechanism pawl means (320) being hinged to said support (100) by means of a common hinge shaft (390), said second elastic return means (370) being connected to one of said pawl means (320).
  16. 16. The bottom door mechanism as claimed in claim 12, wherein the locking device (300) further comprises a clamping block (330) rotatably connected to the supporting seat (100), the clamping block (330) is provided with a clamping groove (331), and the clamping block (330) is driven by a third elastic reset device (380) to be abutted against the pawl device (320); The pawl device (320) is provided with a clamping tooth (321), and the clamping tooth (321) is clamped into the clamping groove (331) under the condition that the unlocking mechanism drives the pawl device (320) to be separated from the ratchet device (310).
  17. 17. The bottom door mechanism according to claim 16, wherein when the rotating body of the manipulating body drives the bottom door leaf (500) to rotate in the door opening direction, the rotating body pushes the detent block (330) to rotate in a direction away from the detent means (320) so that the detent teeth (321) are disengaged from the detent grooves (331).
  18. 18. A railway wagon comprising a bottom door mechanism as defined in any one of claims 11 to 17.

Description

Opening and closing control device, bottom door mechanism and railway wagon Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of railway wagons, in particular to an opening and closing operating device, a bottom door mechanism and a railway wagon. Background The hopper car is used as core equipment for transporting bulk cargoes such as coal, ore, grain, powdery material and the like, is a key carrier for railway freight systems and bulk material logistics links, and the technical performance of the hopper car directly influences the logistics transportation efficiency, cost and environmental protection level. The bottom door is a core functional component for realizing bulk material loading and unloading of the railway hopper car, the opening and closing reliability, locking tightness and operation suitability of the bottom door directly determine the transportation efficiency of the hopper car, the operation safety and the logistics cost are key links of a railway transportation system for bulk materials such as coal, grain, cement and the like. The bottom door mechanism mainly comprises a bottom door leaf, a transmission link mechanism, a locking device and an opening and closing control device. One end of the bottom door leaf is hinged at one side of the unloading opening, and the other end is a free end and is connected with the transmission connecting rod mechanism. Each bottom door leaf is connected with the same transmission shaft through a transmission connecting rod mechanism, and the opening and closing control device is used for driving the transmission shaft to rotate so as to drive the bottom door leaf to realize opening and closing actions through the transmission connecting rod mechanism. The existing opening and closing control device is a hand wheel, namely, the hand wheel is rotated to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, so that the bottom door leaf is opened and closed. But the hand wheel is directly connected with the transmission shaft, so that the door is laborious to open and close. If a speed-reducing and torque-increasing mechanism is added between the hand wheel and the transmission shaft, the door opening and closing time is longer, and the efficiency is lower. Therefore, how to improve the door opening and closing efficiency on the basis of ensuring the door opening and closing effort saving is a problem to be solved urgently by the technicians in the field. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the application aims to provide an opening and closing control device which can improve the door opening and closing efficiency on the basis of ensuring the labor saving of opening and closing the door; Another object of the present application is to provide a bottom door mechanism and a railway wagon having the above-described opening/closing operation device. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: A first aspect of the present application provides an opening/closing operation device including a support base and an operation mechanism including: The control main body comprises a fixed seat and a rotating body which is rotationally connected to the fixed seat through a driving shaft, a blocking shaft is arranged on the rotating body, the blocking shaft and the driving shaft are arranged at intervals, and a space for inserting a crowbar is formed between the blocking shaft and the driving shaft, so that the crowbar uses the driving shaft as a fulcrum to drive the blocking shaft to rotate around the driving shaft; The driving rocker arm is configured to be in transmission connection with a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is a transmission shaft for driving the door leaf of the bottom door to open and close, and the rotating body is configured to drive the driving rocker arm to swing. In one possible implementation manner, the two steering bodies are respectively a first steering body and a second steering body, and the first steering body and the second steering body are arranged along the vehicle width direction and are configured to be respectively positioned at two sides of the railway wagon in the vehicle width direction; The first control body is characterized in that the rotating body of the first control body is a first rotating body, the second control body is a second rotating body, a first one of the first rotating body and the second rotating body is in transmission connection with the driving rocker arm, and a second one of the first rotating body and the second rotating body is in transmission connection with the driving rocker arm or the first one. In one possible implementation, the first rotor is in driving connection with the driving rocker arm through a first connecting rod, and the second rotor is in driving connection with the driving rocker arm through a second connecting rod; Or alternatively The first rotating body is in transmission connection with the driving rocker arm thro