CN-121990418-A - Motor-driven yarn constant-tension warp let-off device based on sensor feedback

CN121990418ACN 121990418 ACN121990418 ACN 121990418ACN-121990418-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a motor-driven yarn constant-tension warp let-off device based on sensor feedback, relates to the technical field of textile machinery, and is suitable for weaving high-performance fiber high-thickness multilayer fabrics. The warp let-off device comprises a control unit and warp let-off units which are arranged in a modularized manner and are independently arranged in a warp let-off channel, wherein the warp let-off units comprise a torque motor, a guide mechanism, a tension detection mechanism and a spring buffer mechanism. The torque motor drives and the tension detection mechanism feeds back in real time, and the spring buffer mechanism is matched to absorb instantaneous tension impact, so that closed-loop control is formed, and independent regulation and control of single/each layer of warp yarns and constant tension are realized. The problem that high-performance fiber tension fluctuation is easy to break and high-thickness multilayer fabric warp let-off is difficult to match accurately is effectively solved, and the weaving efficiency and the product qualification rate are improved.

Inventors

HE JIAHAO
KE XU
XIANG PENGFEI
CHEN LONGZE
LV DEKAI
LI JIUGANG
LIU TAO
LI WENBIN
XU WEILIN

Assignees

武汉纺织大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260209

Claims (10)

1. The motor-driven yarn constant-tension warp let-off device based on sensor feedback is characterized by comprising a control unit and warp let-off units which are arranged in a modularized mode and are independently arranged in warp let-off channels, wherein the warp let-off units comprise: The yarn sequentially bypasses each guide roller to form a tension detection and buffer path; the torque motor is controlled by the control unit and is used for driving the guide mechanism to rotate and providing conveying power for the yarns; the tension detection mechanism is arranged at the tail part of the guide roller and is used for detecting yarn tension in real time and generating a signal to be fed back to the control unit; The spring buffer mechanism is connected with the guide roller and moves in a matched mode with the guide roller, and is used for absorbing impact through self deformation when yarn tension is instantaneously increased; The control unit receives signals of the tension detection mechanism, compares the signals with a preset tension value, and dynamically adjusts the output torque or the rotation direction of the torque motor according to a comparison result so as to maintain the constant tension of the yarns, thereby forming tension closed-loop control.
2. The sensor feedback-based motor-driven yarn constant tension let-off device of claim 1, wherein the spring buffer mechanism comprises: a slide rail providing a directional sliding path; one end of the connecting block is connected with the shaft of the guide roller through a bearing, and the other end of the connecting block is in sliding fit with the sliding rail; The elastic device is connected with the connecting block and provides reset elastic force for the guide roller; when the instantaneous tension of the yarn exceeds a preset tension value, the guide roller compresses or stretches the elastic device and moves along the sliding rail so as to release the tension.
3. The sensor feedback-based motor-driven yarn constant tension let-off device according to claim 2, wherein the guide roller is sleeved on the fixed shaft through an upper bearing and a lower bearing to realize relative rotation with the fixed shaft, and the guide roller is meshed with a transmission gear of the torque motor by virtue of a boss gear assembled on the guide roller to form transmission connection.
4. The sensor feedback-based motor-driven yarn constant tension let-off device according to claim 3, wherein the spring buffer mechanism further comprises a bearing arranged between the connecting block and the fixed shaft of the guide roller, the bearing allowing the guide roller to freely rotate for let-off while transmitting the radial thrust generated by the guide roller under tension to the connecting block, thereby triggering the linear movement of the whole spring buffer mechanism.
5. The sensor feedback-based motor-driven yarn constant tension let-off device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of guide rollers are staggered up and down to form an S-shaped winding path, so that the acting force on the guide rollers is opposite when the yarn bypasses, and when the instantaneous tension of the yarn is excessively high, the upper guide roller moves downward, and simultaneously the lower guide roller moves upward to act together to rapidly release the peak tension in the yarn.
6. The sensor feedback-based motor-driven yarn constant tension let-off device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit adopts a multi-axis synchronous control strategy and simultaneously controls torque motors of a plurality of let-off units.
7. The motor-driven yarn constant tension let-off device based on sensor feedback according to claim 1, wherein the tension detection mechanism is a high-precision pressure sensor integrated inside the guide roller, and the pressure sensor converts a pressure signal of yarn to the guide roller into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the control unit.
8. The motor-driven yarn constant tension let-off device based on sensor feedback according to claim 1, wherein the torque motor is a direct current torque motor, and can output a large torque at a low rotation speed, and the response time is less than or equal to 10 milliseconds, so as to realize rapid tracking and compensation of yarn tension change.
9. The motor-driven yarn constant tension let-off device based on sensor feedback according to claim 1 is characterized by further comprising a warp frame, wherein a plurality of let-off units are arranged on the warp frame up and down, the warp frames are arranged in parallel to form a multichannel independent let-off system, and each channel can independently control constant tension of single or single-layer yarns.
10. A constant tension yarn feeding method using the yarn feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: s1, respectively modularly installing a preset number of warp let-off units on warp frames according to a preset arrangement structure, and arranging the warp frames in parallel to form a multichannel independent warp let-off system; s2, winding yarns around a plurality of guide rollers of each warp feeding unit in a preset path, wherein the torque motor provides initial warp feeding power; s3, the tension detection mechanism detects yarn tension in real time and transmits signals to the control unit; S4, comparing the collected real-time tension with a preset tension value by the control unit, and controlling the torque motor to reversely rotate to tighten the yarn if the real-time tension is Yu Yushe tension values smaller, and controlling the torque motor to increase the rotating speed or output torque to loosen the yarn if the real-time tension is larger than the preset value; S5, when the yarn shows an instantaneous tension peak value, the spring buffer mechanism acts rapidly, and impact is absorbed through elastic deformation, so that yarn breakage is avoided.

Description

Motor-driven yarn constant-tension warp let-off device based on sensor feedback Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of textile machinery, in particular to a motor-driven yarn constant-tension warp let-off device based on sensor feedback. Background For high-performance fibers, the characteristics of high rigidity and low elongation at break generally exist, for example, the elongation at break of carbon fibers is generally only 1.5% -2%, and extremely small tension fluctuation can cause yarn stretching damage, thread diameter thinning and even direct breakage. When the warp feeding method is used for solving the problems of large adjustment lag and overshoot when disturbance such as dynamic change of the winding diameter and nonlinear friction force is faced, the tension fluctuation range can reach 15% -20%, so that the traditional warp feeding method has the inherent defects of low sensitivity and limited adjustment range, and cannot adapt to the strict requirement of high-performance fibers on constant tension. For high-thickness multilayer fabrics, different types of warps such as ground warps, skeins and pile warps show refined and differentiated characteristics on the demands of warp let-off due to weaving paths and interweaving frequency differences, and the traditional warp let-off system mostly adopts a single main shaft or a simple partition warp let-off mode, lacks independent regulation and control units, and cannot realize accurate matching of warp let-off amounts of all layers. Even part of the technology can change the thickness by adjusting the warp let-off amount, the method is only suitable for medium-thickness fabrics with the thickness below 20mm, when the target thickness breaks through 30mm, the warp let-off amount adjusting error is more than or equal to 5%, the requirement of a high-thickness structure on the uniformity of the interlayer density is difficult to meet, the local excessive loosening or excessive tightening of the fabrics is easy to cause, and the uniformity of the mechanical properties of the composite material is influenced. In the aspect of warp tension stability, high-performance fibers are extremely sensitive to tension fluctuation, and the deviation exceeding +/-3% can possibly cause elastic modulus change and breaking strength reduction, and the response speed of mechanical transmission tension adjusting mechanisms such as heavy hammer, spring and the like adopted by the traditional warp feeding method is low, so that the warp feeding method is difficult to adapt to complex scenes of multi-layer weaving. In the multi-layer weaving, the warp paths are long, mutual interference is large, hysteresis and coupling interference are easy to occur in tension transmission, when the warp density is changed and the weaving opening position is dynamically adjusted in the weaving process, the traditional mechanism cannot quickly balance the tension of each layer, so that uneven arrangement and tightness of warp are caused, appearance defects such as wrinkling and warp deviation on the surface of a fabric are caused, the warp breaking risk is increased, the production efficiency is reduced by 15% -30%, and the product percent of pass is less than 70%. The lack of mechanism cooperative suitability further aggravates the technical dilemma, the design of traditional let-off mechanism highly binds with single-layer or simple multilayer fabric weaving flow, and power transmission mode, response speed and control logic can not cooperate with novel structures such as many cloth fell, many rapiers that high thickness multilayer woven and need. The multilayer integrated weaving needs to realize interlayer interweaving through synchronous work of a plurality of loom openings, but the traditional warp let-off mechanism lacks a linkage control mechanism for dynamic response of a plurality of loom openings, cannot accurately distribute warp amount according to real-time weaving progress of each loom opening, has strong mechanical structure rigidity, is difficult to adapt to high-speed reciprocating motion of rapier weft insertion, easily generates the problem of warp let-off lag or excessive warp let-off, leads to reduced stability of loom openings, cannot realize accurate forming of a multilayer fabric structure, and finally restricts large-scale application of a high-thickness multilayer fabric weaving process. The problems are interwoven with each other, so that a series of quality problems of unclear weaving mouth, weft insertion failure and uneven cloth cover are finally caused, and the improvement of the industrialization level of the high-performance inorganic fiber three-dimensional fabric is seriously restricted. The existing let-off technology cannot effectively meet the special 'multi-path, variable tension and independent controllable' collaborative let-off requirement of the multi-layer opening loom. The traditional warp beam warp feeding adopts a collec