CN-121990518-A - Electric counter based on super-smooth homojunction interface and counting method

CN121990518ACN 121990518 ACN121990518 ACN 121990518ACN-121990518-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrical counter and a counting method based on a super-slip homojunction interface, which relate to the technical field of micro-nano electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), and comprise a base component, a rotatable component, a first laminar material layer, a second laminar material layer and a measuring and processing system, wherein the rotatable component can rotate relative to the base component, the measuring and processing system is electrically connected with the first laminar material layer and the second laminar material layer and is configured to monitor the change of a resistance value crossing the homojunction interface during the rotation, recognize the characteristic reduction of the resistance value and output a counting signal based on the recognition of the characteristic reduction.

Inventors

CHEN WEIPENG
WU TIELIN
Sha Jiuquan
ZHANG QIANG
ZHENG QUANSHUI

Assignees

深圳清华大学研究院
清华大学深圳国际研究生院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260130

Claims (10)

1. An electrical counter based on an ultra-smooth homojunction interface, comprising: A base member; a rotatable member rotatably movable relative to the base member; A first layer of layered material secured to one of the base member or the rotatable member; A second layer of laminar material secured to the other of the base member or the rotatable member, wherein the first layer of laminar material and the second layer of laminar material are of the same material and form a homojunction interface by physical contact, the homojunction interface allowing the rotational movement to occur; And a measurement and processing system electrically connected to the first and second layers of layered materials and configured to: Monitoring a change in resistance across the homojunction interface during the rotational movement; Identifying a characteristic decrease in the resistance value caused by a lattice match of the first and second laminar material layers at a particular common degree angle; based on the identification of the characteristic decrease, a count signal is output.
2. The electrical counter based on the ultra-smooth homojunction interface of claim 1, wherein the first layer of layered material and the second layer of layered material are each a graphite layer or a plurality of graphene layers.
3. An electrical counter based on an ultra-smooth homojunction interface according to claim 2, characterized in that said specific common angle is 21.8 ° ± 0.5 °.
4. The electrical counter based on an ultra-smooth homojunction interface of claim 1, wherein the first layer of material and the second layer of material are two-dimensional layers of transition metal dichalcogenide material.
5. An electrical counter based on a super-slip homojunction interface according to claim 1, wherein the homojunction interface is a van der waals interface that assumes a structural super-slip state at non-metric angles such that the coefficient of friction of the rotational motion is below 0.001.
6. An electrical counter based on an ultra-smooth homojunction interface according to claim 1, wherein said measurement and processing system comprises: The resistance monitoring circuit is used for applying a constant bias voltage or constant bias current to the homojunction interface and measuring the corresponding current or voltage so as to calculate a real-time resistance value; The signal processing unit comprises a threshold comparison module and a pulse generation unit, and is used for comparing the real-time resistance value with a preset resistance threshold, judging that the characteristic is recognized to be reduced when the real-time resistance value is lower than the threshold, and generating a pulse signal.
7. The electrical counter based on an ultra-smooth homojunction interface of claim 6, wherein said measurement and processing system further comprises: The counter module is used for generating the counting signal after receiving the pulse signal and executing addition operation according to the counting signal; And the display module is connected to the counter module and used for displaying the numerical value recorded by the counter module in real time.
8. The electrical counter of claim 6, wherein the resistance threshold is set between a background resistance value of the homojunction interface at an angle other than a specific common degree and a singular resistance value at the specific common degree.
9. A counting method of an electrical counter based on an ultra-smooth homojunction interface, characterized in that the method is applied to the electrical counter based on an ultra-smooth homojunction interface as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, the method comprising the steps of: causing rotational movement of the rotatable member relative to the base member; Continuously monitoring, by the measurement and processing system, a real-time resistance value R (t) across the homojunction interface during the rotational movement; Comparing the monitored real-time resistance value R (t) with a preset resistance threshold R th ; when the monitored real-time resistance value R (t) is changed from a state higher than the resistance threshold value R th to a state lower than the resistance threshold value R th due to the fact that lattices of the first layer material layer and the second layer material layer are matched at a specific common degree angle, a counting event is judged, and a counting signal is generated.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the pulse signal is generated by the measurement and processing system after the counting event occurs; Generating a count signal based on the pulse signal; Based on the count signal, a counter module is driven to perform an addition operation.

Description

Electric counter based on super-smooth homojunction interface and counting method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of micro-nano electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), in particular to an electrical counter based on an ultra-smooth homojunction interface and a counting method. Background In numerous leading fields of modern technology, such as ultra-precision manufacturing, aerospace, biomedical engineering and consumer electronics, there is an increasing demand for accurate metering and control of minute displacements, in particular rotation angles at microscopic scale. The development of micro-nano electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and ultra-precise sensing technologies requires that the counter or the angle encoder not only have high precision and quick response, but also have the characteristics of small size, easy integration, low power consumption, long service life and the like. Currently, the mainstream microscopic counting or angular position detection technology mainly comprises the following several types, but each of them has limitations that are difficult to overcome: 1. Optical encoders are used to count by detecting moire fringes or encoded signals produced by light passing through or reflecting from a precision scribed grating disk. Although the accuracy can be made high, its basic working principle limits its miniaturization. The optical elements (light sources, lenses, photodetector arrays) are bulky and difficult to integrate into nanoscale systems. In addition, it requires a complex external alignment system to ensure the light path is accurate, sensitive to vibration and environmental pollution, and relatively high power consumption. 2. Magnetic sensors (e.g., hall sensors, giant magnetoresistive GMR/tunneling magnetoresistive TMR sensors) determine position or angle by detecting a change in a magnetic field. Such sensors can be made smaller in size, but they require an array of permanent magnets or electromagnets as the signal source in cooperation therewith. Not only does this increase the complexity and volume of the system, but the magnet itself may also be disturbed by external magnetic fields, affecting the measurement accuracy. At the nanoscale, the fabrication of uniform and stable micro-magnet arrays is itself a great challenge. 3. Contact mechanical switches or potentiometers, which are counted or positioned by the on-off of a physical contact or by a continuous change in resistance. The most fatal disadvantage is mechanical wear. During long-term, high-speed reciprocation, the contact interface may wear, oxidize, or fatigue due to friction, resulting in poor contact, signal drift, and even complete device failure. This wear problem is particularly severe at micro-nano scale because the effects of surface adhesion, friction are amplified, compromising the reliability and lifetime of the device. 4. Capacitive or piezoresistive sensors, which operate by detecting changes in capacitance or changes in resistance due to changes in material strain caused by displacement or rotation. Although high integration can be achieved, they generally suffer from the problem that the signal response is not "steep" enough. At small displacements or angular changes, the output signal is typically a gradual, linear change, lacking a definite, abrupt "count point". This makes it difficult to accurately identify the count event, and the system requires complex signal processing algorithms and high-precision analog-to-digital converters to discriminate weak signal changes, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratios and susceptibility to noise interference to produce false positives. Furthermore, all of the above conventional solutions are almost dependent on an externally set "scale". Whether the grating of the optical encoder, the pole of the magnetic encoder, or the resistive track of the potentiometer, these "marks" are attached to the device by macroscopic processing means (e.g., lithography, scribing, magnetizing). The accuracy of these external markers is limited by the level of processing technology and may degrade during use due to wear or environmental changes. They lack an absolute, repeatable physical reference that is determined by the physical properties of the material itself. In summary, the prior art has a common technical bottleneck in realizing ultra-miniaturization, high signal-to-noise ratio and high-precision angle counting. A brand new technical solution is needed, which can get rid of the constraint of traditional mechanical abrasion, and provides a counting mechanism which is more accurate and reliable in nature by utilizing the physical characteristics of intrinsic and atomic dimensions of materials. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the electric counter and the counting method based on the super-smooth homojunction interface are provided, and the scheme utilizes the intrinsic physical effect of the layered