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CN-121990639-A - Tidal flotation tank for treating marine microplastic pollution

CN121990639ACN 121990639 ACN121990639 ACN 121990639ACN-121990639-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a tidal flotation tank for treating marine microplastic pollution, which relates to the technical field of tidal flotation tanks, and utilizes the alternating phenomenon of high tide and low tide of sea water tides by arranging an outer dam, an inner dam, aeration equipment and an overflow weir, when the tide is started to flow, sea water and pollutants in the sea water are collected to a pollution repair area through a one-way inlet culvert, then in the pollution repair area, an air pump is driven by a wind driven generator to start to aerate, under the action of hydrophobic power, the microplastic and the micro-nano bubbles are combined to form an aggregate with density smaller than that of water, so that the aggregate automatically floats, then, microplastic pollutants floating on the water surface are collected into an overflow weir to be cleaned, and when the tide is refunded, the treated seawater is discharged into the ocean again through a one-way outlet culvert, so that the complicated process of pumping and draining water is avoided, and the periodic concentrated collection and treatment of the coastal zone water body are realized.

Inventors

  • JIANG HONGRU
  • ZOU HAIPENG
  • LIU XING

Assignees

  • 海南大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260304

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A tidal flotation cell for treating marine microplastic pollution comprising: the external dam (1) is provided with a plurality of inlet culverts (11) and a plurality of outlet culverts (12); the inner dam (2) is connected with two ends of the outer dam (1) to form a pollution restoration area (5), so that seawater enters the pollution restoration area (5) through the inlet culvert (11) and flows out of the pollution restoration area (5) from the outlet culvert (12); the aeration equipment (3) is arranged at the bottom of the pollution restoration area (5) so as to aerate the pollution restoration area (5); And overflow weirs (4) are arranged on the inner weirs (2) and extend to the two ends of the inner weirs (2) so as to collect microplastic pollutants overflowed from the pollution restoration area (5) and filter the microplastic pollutants through a filter screen (8) to discharge seawater out of the inner weirs (2).
  2. 2. Tidal flotation basin for the remediation of marine microplastic pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet culvert (11) has a bottom elevation higher than the average high level of the tidal current, the outlet culvert (12) has a bottom elevation higher than the average low level of the tidal current, the pollution remediation zone (5) is an inclined bottom surface (51), the inlet culvert (11) and the outlet culvert (12) are arranged on the outer dam (1) in an inclined manner and are parallel to the inclined bottom surface (51).
  3. 3. Tidal flotation cell for the remediation of marine microplastic pollution according to claim 2, characterized in that the inlet culvert (11) is of an outer wide and inner narrow structure, the outlet culvert (12) is of an inner wide and outer narrow structure, the inside of the inlet culvert (11) and the outside of the outlet culvert (12) are provided with one-way circulation valve elements (6), and the valve elements (6) are one-way valves or check valves.
  4. 4. A tidal flotation cell for the remediation of marine microplastic pollution according to claim 3, wherein the aeration device (3) comprises a plurality of air pipes (31) arranged at the bottom of the pollution remediation zone (5) in a fan shape, and a U-shaped pipe (32) for connecting an air pump (33) or an air source, the U-shaped pipe (32) is communicated with the air pipes (31), and a plurality of spray heads are arranged on the air pipes (31) and the U-shaped pipe (32).
  5. 5. The tidal flotation cell for remediation of marine microplastic pollution of claim 4, further comprising a wind generator (7) for providing a power source for the operation of the air pump (33).
  6. 6. Tidal flotation cell for remediation of marine microplastic pollution according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the overflow weirs (4) on the inner weirs (2) are of rectilinear structure, the filter screens (8) being arranged obliquely on both sides of the overflow weirs (4).
  7. 7. The tidal flotation cell for treating marine microplastic pollution according to claim 5, further comprising a bottom net (9), wherein the bottom net (9) is a plurality of pieces, the bottom net (9) is detachably arranged on the overflow weir (4) and keeps a certain distance from the bottom of the overflow weir (4), so that seawater overflows into the overflow weir (4) and flows towards the filter screen (8) through the lower space of the bottom net (9).
  8. 8. The tidal flotation tank for treating marine microplastic pollution according to claim 7, wherein the upper part of the outer dam (1) is provided with the overflow weir (4) with a U-shaped structure, the two ends of the overflow weir (4) with the U-shaped structure are provided with the filter screen (8), and the bottom net (9) is arranged in the overflow weir (4) with the U-shaped structure.
  9. 9. The tidal flotation cell for the remediation of marine microplastic pollution of claim 4, wherein the ends of the plurality of air pipes (31) are connected by a C-pipe (34), and further comprising a cross pipe (35), the cross pipe (35) being connected to the C-pipe (34) and the U-pipe (32).
  10. 10. Tidal flotation cell for remediation of marine microplastic pollution according to claim 4 or 9, further comprising a level sensor provided on the inner dam (2), the level sensor being electrically connected to the air pump (33) or air source.

Description

Tidal flotation tank for treating marine microplastic pollution Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of tidal flotation tanks, in particular to a tidal flotation tank for treating marine microplastic pollution. Background Marine microplastic pollution is one of the prominent problems facing global marine ecology in recent years. Microplastic generally refers to plastic particles with a particle size of less than 5mm, and sources include aged breakage of plastic products, falling off of synthetic fibers, leakage of industrial raw materials, and the like. The particles have long-term stability in the ocean, are easy to adsorb organic pollutants and heavy metals, are enriched through food chains, and pose potential threats to the ocean ecosystem and human health. At present, the treatment for marine plastic pollution is mainly focused on the field of cleaning macroscopic plastic garbage. Common techniques include manual net fishing, offshore garbage cans, floating interception belts, mechanical cleaning boats, and the like. These devices generally rely on physical screening, interception or mechanical recovery principles to effectively collect large pieces of plastic waste floating on the water surface. However, the conventional method is difficult to be effective for microplastic with small particle size, density close to or slightly lower than that of seawater and suspended below the surface layer. The existing mechanical or filtering devices have the following main problems: (1) The application range of the particle size is limited. The micro plastic particles have small size and different distribution depth, and are difficult to realize effective interception by a mechanical screening or net capturing mode; (2) Low operation efficiency and high operation cost. Most devices need power driving or manual operation, are complex in maintenance, have high energy consumption and are not suitable for large-area continuous operation; (3) Is easy to be disturbed by the ocean environment. Factors such as tides, water flows, stormy waves and the like can obviously influence the running stability of equipment, so that the cleaning efficiency fluctuates; (4) In-situ treatment cannot be realized. At present, most of the treatment modes are centralized collection or shore-based treatment, and in-situ treatment systems which can be directly deployed in areas such as ocean pastures, intertidal zones and the like for a long time are lacking. In recent years, researchers have attempted to introduce the principle of flotation separation in the field of mineral processing into microplastic removal. The method utilizes the hydrophobicity of the surface of the microplastic to adhere bubbles to the surface of the microplastic particles to form a complex with density smaller than that of water, so that the complex floats to the water surface to realize enrichment and separation. Compared with the traditional physical filtration, the flotation method can remove micro plastic particles with wider particle size range in a shorter time and has certain selectivity. However, existing microplastic flotation technology remains largely at the laboratory or small plant stage, with the following limitations: (1) The experimental device usually relies on mechanical stirring or air pump for air supply, so that stable operation in the marine field environment is difficult; (2) The system has small volume, can not process the entry and exit of large-flow seawater and can not adapt to the water level difference caused by tidal change; (3) The external energy supply requirement is high, which is not beneficial to long-period unattended operation; (4) The contact time of bubbles and the micro-plastic, the floating path and the like are greatly influenced by external disturbance, so that the separation efficiency is unstable. In summary, the existing marine microplastic treatment technology generally has the problems of limited application range, high energy consumption, difficult maintenance, lack of in-situ and engineering application capabilities and the like. Especially in the areas such as the intertidal zone or the ocean pasture, the in-situ micro-plastic treatment device which can utilize natural tidal energy, realize continuous circulation and has self-driving and high-efficiency separation capability is lacking. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a tidal flotation tank for treating marine microplastic pollution, which aims to solve the problems. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tidal flotation cell for treating marine microplastic pollution, comprising: the outer dam is provided with a plurality of inlet culverts and a plurality of outlet culverts; The inner dam is connected with the two ends of the outer dam to form a pollution restoration area, so that seawater enters the pollution restoration area through the inlet culvert and flows out of the pollution restoration