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CN-121990734-A - Circuit board wastewater heavy metal removal method and system

CN121990734ACN 121990734 ACN121990734 ACN 121990734ACN-121990734-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for removing heavy metals from circuit board wastewater, wherein the method comprises the steps of monitoring the concentration and valence distribution of heavy metal ions in the circuit board wastewater in real time, combining oxidation-reduction potential with pH value to generate wastewater heavy metal form distribution characteristics, adjusting oxidation-reduction environment to generate heavy metal ion enriched wastewater based on the wastewater heavy metal form distribution characteristics, introducing the heavy metal ion enriched wastewater into an electric flocculation reactor, applying a periodic electric field to enable an aluminum or iron anode to dissolve and release polynuclear hydroxyl complex to generate coprecipitation reaction with the heavy metal ions to generate flocculent suspension, introducing the flocculent suspension into a cyclone clarification separation device, realizing mud-water separation through centrifugal sedimentation and inclined plate separation, outputting supernatant to reach the standard, discharging and recycling precipitated sludge rich in heavy metals. By utilizing the embodiment of the invention, the high-efficiency breaking and separation of the complex heavy metal can be realized, and the method has good environmental benefit and resource value.

Inventors

  • CHENG WENQING
  • YE ZHI
  • CAI HU
  • QIN YU
  • ZHOU BINHUA

Assignees

  • 江西省坤宇电子有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260409

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The method for removing the heavy metal from the circuit board wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the concentration and valence distribution of heavy metal ions in the wastewater of the circuit board are monitored in real time through an online multiparameter water quality analyzer, and the oxidation-reduction potential and the pH value are combined to generate the morphological distribution characteristics of the heavy metal of the wastewater; Based on the morphological distribution characteristics of the heavy metal in the wastewater, the complex heavy metal in the wastewater is converted into free heavy metal ions by adding a directional conversion agent, and the oxidation-reduction environment is regulated to generate heavy metal ion enriched wastewater; introducing the heavy metal ion enriched wastewater into an electric flocculation reactor, applying a periodic electric field through a programmable pulse power supply to dissolve an aluminum or iron anode to release a polynuclear hydroxyl complex, and performing coprecipitation reaction with heavy metal ions to generate a flocculent suspension; And (3) introducing the flocculating constituent suspension into a cyclone clarifying separation device, separating mud and water through centrifugal sedimentation and inclined plate separation, outputting supernatant to reach the standard, discharging and recycling precipitated sludge rich in heavy metals.
  2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the real-time monitoring of the concentration and valence distribution of heavy metal ions in the wastewater of the circuit board by the on-line multiparameter water quality analyzer, and the generation of the morphological distribution characteristics of heavy metal in the wastewater by combining the oxidation-reduction potential and the pH value, comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of deploying an online multiparameter water quality analyzer, continuously collecting a circuit board wastewater sample, detecting the concentration and valence state of heavy metal ions in real time through an ion selection electrode and a spectrum analysis module, and generating an original data set of the concentration and valence state of the heavy metal ions; Carrying out time sequence alignment on the concentration of heavy metal ions and the original data set of valence state and the oxidation-reduction potential and pH value which are synchronously collected, adopting a data fusion algorithm to remove abnormal values and interpolate missing data, and generating the pretreated multi-parameter water quality time sequence data; Based on the pretreated multiparameter water quality time sequence data, calculating the complex form, free state proportion and valence state distribution of each heavy metal by using a chemical form analysis model to generate a heavy metal form distribution matrix; and integrating the heavy metal form distribution matrix with the dynamic change trend of oxidation-reduction potential and pH value, and generating a wastewater heavy metal form distribution feature vector containing each form concentration, dominant valence state and complexing strength through a feature extraction algorithm.
  3. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of converting complex heavy metals in the wastewater into free heavy metal ions by adding a directional conversion agent based on the morphological distribution characteristics of the heavy metals in the wastewater and adjusting the redox environment to generate heavy metal ion-enriched wastewater comprises: analyzing the ratio of complex heavy metals and the type of complexing agents from the morphological distribution characteristic vector of the heavy metals in the wastewater, and generating a directional conversion agent dosing scheme by combining a prestored medicament database to match the optimal directional conversion agent type and dosing amount; according to the adding scheme, a dosing pump is automatically controlled to add a directional conversion agent into the wastewater, and meanwhile, a stirring device is started to promote the mixing of the agent and the wastewater, so that complex heavy metals are decomplexed and converted into free ions, and a converted wastewater sample is generated; Monitoring oxidation-reduction potential and pH value of the converted wastewater in real time, and regulating oxidation-reduction environment to a preset optimal range by adding an oxidant or a reducing agent through a feedback control system so as to maintain stable existence of free heavy metals and generate regulated enriched wastewater; And (3) carrying out rapid sampling verification on the adjusted enrichment wastewater, detecting the concentration of free heavy metal ions, adjusting the dosage or the reaction time of the reagent if the concentration does not reach the target enrichment degree, returning to the step, automatically controlling a dosing pump according to the dosage scheme, and adding a directional conversion agent into the wastewater, otherwise, outputting qualified heavy metal ion enrichment wastewater.
  4. 4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the step of introducing the heavy metal ion enriched wastewater into an electroflocculation reactor, applying a periodic electric field by a programmable pulse power supply to dissolve aluminum or iron anode to release polynuclear hydroxyl complex, and performing coprecipitation reaction with heavy metal ions to generate a flocculent suspension, comprises: Introducing heavy metal ion enriched wastewater into an electric flocculation reactor at a constant flow rate, and simultaneously setting the pulse frequency, the duty cycle and the current density of a programmable pulse power supply according to the conductivity of the wastewater and the heavy metal load to generate pulse power supply parameter configuration; Starting a programmable pulse power supply, applying a periodic electric field to an aluminum or iron electrode according to parameter configuration, triggering anodic dissolution to release aluminum ions or ferrous ions, and forming a polynuclear hydroxyl complex in the hydrolysis process to generate an in-situ flocculant; The method comprises the steps of fully contacting an in-situ flocculant with heavy metal ions in wastewater by utilizing hydraulic circulation and aeration stirring in a reactor, and performing adsorption, bridging and coprecipitation reaction to generate tiny flocculent particles to form primary flocculent suspension; The change of the particle size and density of the floccules is monitored by an on-line nephelometer and a particle analyzer, and when the floccules reach a preset size, the pulsed electric field is stopped, and the mature floccule suspension is output for separation.
  5. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the step of introducing the flocculated suspension into a cyclone clarification separation device, performing mud-water separation by centrifugal sedimentation and inclined plate separation, discharging supernatant liquid to the standard, and recovering heavy metal-enriched precipitated sludge comprises: continuously introducing the flocculating constituent suspension into a feed inlet of a cyclone clarifying separation device, and enabling flocculating constituent with higher density to move towards a wall and settle downwards by utilizing a centrifugal settling principle to generate underflow concentrated sludge and overflow primary clear liquid; Introducing the overflowed preliminary clear liquid into an inclined plate separation area, further removing residual fine suspended matters through laminar flow sedimentation, improving the solid-liquid separation efficiency, and generating supernatant and sludge intercepted by the inclined plate; Combining the underflow concentrated sludge and the sludge trapped by the inclined plate to collect the sludge into a sludge storage tank, and adopting a plate-and-frame filter press to carry out dehydration treatment to generate a dried sludge cake rich in heavy metals, wherein the water content of the dried sludge cake is lower than 80%; And carrying out online water quality detection on the supernatant, ensuring that the concentration and the pH value of heavy metal ions reach the discharge standard, outputting the heavy metal ions through a discharge port, and simultaneously packaging and recycling the dried sludge cake.
  6. 6. A circuit board wastewater heavy metal removal system, the system comprising: The monitoring module is used for monitoring the concentration and valence distribution of heavy metal ions in the circuit board wastewater in real time through an online multiparameter water quality analyzer, and generating the morphological distribution characteristics of the heavy metal of the wastewater by combining oxidation-reduction potential and pH value; the conversion module is used for converting complex heavy metals in the wastewater into free heavy metal ions by adding a directional conversion agent based on the morphological distribution characteristics of the heavy metals in the wastewater, and regulating the oxidation-reduction environment to generate heavy metal ion enriched wastewater; the application module is used for introducing the heavy metal ion enriched wastewater into an electric flocculation reactor, applying a periodic electric field through a programmable pulse power supply to dissolve an aluminum or iron anode to release a polynuclear hydroxyl complex, and performing coprecipitation reaction with heavy metal ions to generate a flocculating body suspension; And the separation module is used for introducing the flocculating constituent suspension into a cyclone clarification separation device, realizing mud-water separation through centrifugal sedimentation and inclined plate separation, outputting supernatant to reach the standard, discharging and recycling the precipitated sludge rich in heavy metals.
  7. 7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the monitoring module is specifically configured to: the method comprises the steps of deploying an online multiparameter water quality analyzer, continuously collecting a circuit board wastewater sample, detecting the concentration and valence state of heavy metal ions in real time through an ion selection electrode and a spectrum analysis module, and generating an original data set of the concentration and valence state of the heavy metal ions; Carrying out time sequence alignment on the concentration of heavy metal ions and the original data set of valence state and the oxidation-reduction potential and pH value which are synchronously collected, adopting a data fusion algorithm to remove abnormal values and interpolate missing data, and generating the pretreated multi-parameter water quality time sequence data; Based on the pretreated multiparameter water quality time sequence data, calculating the complex form, free state proportion and valence state distribution of each heavy metal by using a chemical form analysis model to generate a heavy metal form distribution matrix; and integrating the heavy metal form distribution matrix with the dynamic change trend of oxidation-reduction potential and pH value, and generating a wastewater heavy metal form distribution feature vector containing each form concentration, dominant valence state and complexing strength through a feature extraction algorithm.
  8. 8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that the conversion module is in particular adapted to: analyzing the ratio of complex heavy metals and the type of complexing agents from the morphological distribution characteristic vector of the heavy metals in the wastewater, and generating a directional conversion agent dosing scheme by combining a prestored medicament database to match the optimal directional conversion agent type and dosing amount; according to the adding scheme, a dosing pump is automatically controlled to add a directional conversion agent into the wastewater, and meanwhile, a stirring device is started to promote the mixing of the agent and the wastewater, so that complex heavy metals are decomplexed and converted into free ions, and a converted wastewater sample is generated; Monitoring oxidation-reduction potential and pH value of the converted wastewater in real time, and regulating oxidation-reduction environment to a preset optimal range by adding an oxidant or a reducing agent through a feedback control system so as to maintain stable existence of free heavy metals and generate regulated enriched wastewater; And (3) carrying out rapid sampling verification on the adjusted enrichment wastewater, detecting the concentration of free heavy metal ions, adjusting the dosage or the reaction time of the reagent if the concentration does not reach the target enrichment degree, returning to the step, automatically controlling a dosing pump according to the dosage scheme, and adding a directional conversion agent into the wastewater, otherwise, outputting qualified heavy metal ion enrichment wastewater.
  9. 9. A storage medium having a computer program stored therein, wherein the computer program is arranged to perform the method of any of claims 1-5 when run.
  10. 10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory has stored therein a computer program, the processor being arranged to run the computer program to perform the method of any of claims 1-5.

Description

Circuit board wastewater heavy metal removal method and system Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a method and a system for removing heavy metals from circuit board wastewater. Background The wastewater produced in the circuit board manufacturing process contains high-concentration heavy metal ions such as copper, nickel, tin and the like, and often forms stable complexes with complexing agents such as EDTA, citric acid and the like, so that the wastewater becomes one of industrial wastewater difficult to treat. The existing treatment method mainly comprises a chemical precipitation method, an ion exchange method, an adsorption method and the like. The chemical precipitation method forms precipitation by adding sulfide or hydroxide, but has limited effect on removing complex heavy metals and generates a large amount of chemical sludge, the ion exchange method can realize advanced treatment, but the resin is easy to be polluted by organic matters, the regeneration cost is high, and the adsorption method is limited by adsorption capacity and is difficult to adapt to high-concentration wastewater treatment. More importantly, the circuit board wastewater has large water quality fluctuation, the heavy metal form distribution is complex, the traditional treatment mode for fixing the technological parameters is difficult to respond to the water quality change in real time, the treatment effect is unstable, the medicament consumption is high, and the recycling of the heavy metal is difficult to realize. Therefore, a treatment method which can adapt to dynamic change of water quality, efficiently remove complex heavy metals and synchronously realize resource recovery is needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method and a system for removing heavy metals from circuit board wastewater, which are used for solving the defects in the prior art, can realize the efficient breaking and separation of complex heavy metals, and have good environmental benefit and resource value. An embodiment of the application provides a method for removing heavy metals from circuit board wastewater, which comprises the following steps: the concentration and valence distribution of heavy metal ions in the wastewater of the circuit board are monitored in real time through an online multiparameter water quality analyzer, and the oxidation-reduction potential and the pH value are combined to generate the morphological distribution characteristics of the heavy metal of the wastewater; Based on the morphological distribution characteristics of the heavy metal in the wastewater, the complex heavy metal in the wastewater is converted into free heavy metal ions by adding a directional conversion agent, and the oxidation-reduction environment is regulated to generate heavy metal ion enriched wastewater; introducing the heavy metal ion enriched wastewater into an electric flocculation reactor, applying a periodic electric field through a programmable pulse power supply to dissolve an aluminum or iron anode to release a polynuclear hydroxyl complex, and performing coprecipitation reaction with heavy metal ions to generate a flocculent suspension; And (3) introducing the flocculating constituent suspension into a cyclone clarifying separation device, separating mud and water through centrifugal sedimentation and inclined plate separation, outputting supernatant to reach the standard, discharging and recycling precipitated sludge rich in heavy metals. Optionally, the method for generating the heavy metal morphological distribution characteristics of the wastewater by monitoring the concentration and valence distribution of heavy metal ions in the wastewater of the circuit board in real time through an online multiparameter water quality analyzer and combining oxidation-reduction potential and pH value comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of deploying an online multiparameter water quality analyzer, continuously collecting a circuit board wastewater sample, detecting the concentration and valence state of heavy metal ions in real time through an ion selection electrode and a spectrum analysis module, and generating an original data set of the concentration and valence state of the heavy metal ions; Carrying out time sequence alignment on the concentration of heavy metal ions and the original data set of valence state and the oxidation-reduction potential and pH value which are synchronously collected, adopting a data fusion algorithm to remove abnormal values and interpolate missing data, and generating the pretreated multi-parameter water quality time sequence data; Based on the pretreated multiparameter water quality time sequence data, calculating the complex form, free state proportion and valence state distribution of each heavy metal by using a chemical form analysis model to generate a heavy metal form distribution matrix; and