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CN-121990754-A - River and lake sediment dewatering electrode and preparation method and application thereof

CN121990754ACN 121990754 ACN121990754 ACN 121990754ACN-121990754-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a river and lake sediment dewatering electrode and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environmental electrochemistry. The preparation method comprises the steps of carrying out acid soaking treatment on plant biomass charcoal to obtain modified biomass charcoal, mixing the modified biomass charcoal, piezoelectric nanoparticles and an electrode, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to obtain the river and lake sediment dewatering electrode. The invention also discloses a river and lake sediment dewatering electrode prepared by the method and application thereof. The river and lake sediment dewatering electrode can improve the deep dewatering efficiency, shorten the deep dewatering process flow and reduce the large-scale application cost, and has wide application prospect.

Inventors

  • ZHANG YINJIE
  • CUI JUN
  • FU XINPING
  • NING YUTING
  • LI CHENGHAO
  • FENG NAN
  • HU WEN
  • HOU JIAQI

Assignees

  • 江苏中科云璟环境科技有限公司
  • 北京化工大学
  • 中国环境科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260331

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the river and lake sediment dewatering electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Acid soaking treatment is carried out on the plant biomass charcoal to obtain modified biomass charcoal; (2) Mixing the modified biomass charcoal, the piezoelectric nano particles and the electrode, and performing hydrothermal reaction to obtain the river and lake sediment dewatering electrode.
  2. 2. The method for preparing a river and lake sediment dewatering electrode according to claim 1, wherein the plant-derived biomass charcoal is prepared by calcining at least one of straw, corncob and rice straw, and the particle size of the plant-derived biomass charcoal is more than 5 μm.
  3. 3. The method for preparing a river and lake sediment dewatering electrode according to claim 2, wherein the acid soaking treatment time in the step (1) is 10-30 min, and the acid soaking treatment is performed by adopting hydrochloric acid with the molar concentration of 0.05-0.20M.
  4. 4. The method for preparing a river and lake sediment dewatering electrode according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric nano particles are at least one of MoS 2 、BaTiO 3 and PbTiO 3 , and the particle size of the piezoelectric nano particles is less than 500 nm.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the river and lake sediment dewatering electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that the mass ratio of the modified biomass charcoal to the piezoelectric nanoparticles in the step (2) is 100:1-20, and the total mass of the modified biomass charcoal and the piezoelectric nanoparticles loaded on each square centimeter of electrode is 0.5-1.0 g.
  6. 6. The method for preparing a river and lake sediment dewatering electrode according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal reaction temperature in the step (2) is 160-220 ℃ and the time is 6-10 hours.
  7. 7. A river and lake sediment dewatering electrode prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
  8. 8. Use of the river and lake sediment dewatering electrode of claim 7 in dewatering river and lake sediment.
  9. 9. The use according to claim 8, comprising the steps of: the river and lake sediment dewatering electrode as set forth in claim 7 is used as anode plate and cathode plate, the mixture of river and lake sediment to be treated and persulfate water solution is used as electrolyte, and voltage is applied to dewater river and lake sediment effectively.
  10. 10. The application of the method according to claim 9, wherein the electrode plate distance between the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate is 1-5 cm, the water content of the river and lake sediment is more than 85%, the mass ratio of the river and lake sediment to persulfate in persulfate water solution is 100:1-5, the voltage intensity is 0.8-1.6V, and the dehydration time is 2-10 min.

Description

River and lake sediment dewatering electrode and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental electrochemistry, and particularly relates to a river and lake sediment dewatering electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. Background With the rapid development of industrialization and city, the pollution problem of river and lake bottom mud is increasingly serious. At present, river and lake sediment dehydration mainly depends on technologies such as mechanical dehydration, chemical conditioning and heat drying, but the method generally has the problems of low dehydration efficiency, high exogenous medicament cost, high operation energy consumption and the like. Therefore, the harmless treatment and the recycling of the bottom mud become important points and difficulties in urban water environment treatment and water ecological restoration. Piezoelectric technology is an emerging means, and is rarely reported and applied in the field of deep dehydration of river and lake sediment. The piezoelectric technology has the advantages of strengthening electrode polarization, regulating and controlling the Zeta potential of the electrode surface, and strengthening the release of water molecules on the diffusion layer on the surface of the substrate sludge particles. However, the piezoelectric technology still faces a plurality of key challenges in the application of the piezoelectric technology to the sediment dehydration process, namely that 1) the activity of a single piezoelectric material is interfered by coexisting components in the sediment, so that the charge utilization efficiency is low, the dehydration effect is unstable, 2) the stability of a composite piezoelectric material is poor, the composite piezoelectric material is easy to separate in the long-term operation process, 3) the operating parameters of the working condition of the piezoelectric dehydration process are difficult to regulate and control, and 4) the powder piezoelectric material is difficult to recover. The factors severely restrict the engineering popularization of the piezoelectric technology in the field of sediment dehydration. How to improve the dehydration efficiency, the anti-interference capability, the interface stability and the process adaptability of the piezoelectric catalytic material and reduce the large-scale application cost is one of the problems still needed to be solved in the field. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems of low dehydration efficiency, complex process and harsh running conditions of river and lake sediment, and provides a river and lake sediment dehydration electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is that the preparation method of the river and lake sediment dewatering electrode comprises the following steps: (1) Acid soaking treatment is carried out on the plant biomass charcoal to obtain modified biomass charcoal; (2) Mixing the modified biomass charcoal, the piezoelectric nano particles and the electrode, and performing hydrothermal reaction to obtain the river and lake sediment dewatering electrode. The method has the beneficial effects that in the method, the pore size distribution of the plant biomass charcoal surface and impurities in pore channels are accurately regulated and controlled through etching, so that the plant biomass charcoal surface and pore channels are matched with the particle size of piezoelectric nanoparticles in a grading manner, a space domain micro-area is formed in a composite material through the grading structure, aggregation of the piezoelectric particles is inhibited, meanwhile, charge transfer between interfaces of the piezoelectric particles is promoted, charge transmission efficiency caused by a piezoelectric effect is remarkably improved, and further, when the plant biomass charcoal surface and pore channels are dehydrated in a cooperated mode, the persulfate can be activated by active sites on the surface of the piezoelectric nanoparticles in a domain-limited space, high-activity free radicals are generated, and high-efficiency dehydration of river and lake bottom mud is realized. Preferably, the plant biomass charcoal is prepared by calcining at least one of straw, corncob and rice straw, and the particle size of the plant biomass charcoal is more than 5 mu m. More preferably, the calcination comprises the steps of placing at least one of straw, corncob and rice straw in a muffle furnace, heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃ per minute under an air atmosphere, preserving heat 2h, and naturally cooling to room temperature. More preferably, the plant-derived biomass charcoal is produced from corncob after calcination. More preferably, the acid soaking treatment time in the step (1) is 10-30 min, and the acid soaking treatment is performed by adopting hydrochloric