CN-121990764-A - Melting furnace and basalt fiber wire drawing equipment based on microwave cooperative heating

CN121990764ACN 121990764 ACN121990764 ACN 121990764ACN-121990764-A

Abstract

The application provides a melting furnace and basalt fiber wire drawing equipment based on microwave cooperative heating, which comprises a furnace body with a hollow columnar structure, a charging pipe penetrating through the top central position of the melting furnace from top to bottom, a funnel-shaped melting tank positioned at the bottom central position of the melting furnace and penetrating through the bottom of the melting furnace, a bottom opening of the charging pipe facing the melting tank, a plurality of microwave generators fixed on the outer side of the furnace body and at the same height as the melting tank, a plurality of heating electrodes fixed in the furnace body and uniformly surrounding the charging pipe, and a wire drawing bushing detachably fixed at the bottom of the melting tank, wherein the wire drawing bushing is provided with a plurality of wire drawing leakage nozzles for forming molten basalt into stable liquid drops and primarily drawing into fiber embryonic shapes. The application effectively solves the problems of high energy consumption, uneven melting, unstable product quality, environmental pollution and the like in the traditional basalt fiber production, and has the beneficial effects of remarkable energy conservation, high product quality rate and clean and continuous production.

Inventors

MA PENGCHENG
XI XIONGYU
XING DAN

Assignees

中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260113

Claims (8)

1. A melting furnace based on microwave cooperative heating, comprising: the furnace body is of a hollow columnar structure and provided with 4-8 side surfaces; the cylindrical feeding pipe penetrates through the top center of the melting furnace from top to bottom and extends into the melting furnace; the funnel-shaped melting tank is positioned at the central position of the bottom of the melting furnace and penetrates through the bottom of the melting furnace; the microwave generators are fixed on the outer side of the furnace body and have the same height as the melting tank and are used for providing heat required by melting basalt ores; A plurality of heating electrodes fixed inside the furnace body and uniformly surrounding the feeding tube, and The wire drawing bushing is detachably fixed at the bottom of the melting tank and is provided with a plurality of wire drawing leakage nozzles for forming stable liquid drops from molten basalt and primarily drawing the molten basalt into a fiber embryonic form.
2. The microwave-co-heated-based melting furnace of claim 1, wherein the furnace body is a multi-layered refractory material comprising: an inner layer of a special high purity oxide refractory material; middle layer of high performance insulating material, and An outer layer formed by the metal sealing shell.
3. The microwave-co-heated melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the microwave generators each have a frequency of 915MHz or 2450MHz, and each of the microwave generators is provided with a water jacket.
4. The microwave-based co-heated melting furnace of claim 1 wherein the heating electrode is a silicon molybdenum rod.
5. The microwave-co-heated-based melting furnace of claim 1 wherein the number of heating electrodes corresponds to the number of sides of the melting furnace.
6. The microwave-co-heated melting furnace of claim 1 wherein the feed tube is a corundum tube.
7. The melting furnace based on microwave cooperative heating according to claim 1, wherein the wire drawing bushing is a platinum-rhodium alloy bushing, two sides of the wire drawing bushing are connected with a heating electrode, the temperature of the bushing is controlled through voltage regulation, a water cooling jacket is further arranged at the heating electrode of the wire drawing bushing, the number of the wire drawing bushing is 50-400, the wall thickness of the bushing is 2mm, and the inner diameter size is 1.4-1.8mm.
8. A basalt fiber drawing device is characterized by comprising a melting furnace based on microwave cooperative heating as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, and further comprising a feeding mechanism, a fixing mechanism, a cooling mechanism, a coating mechanism, a winding mechanism and a control mechanism, The feeding mechanism is used for continuously and uniformly conveying basalt raw materials into the melting furnace and is linked with the control mechanism to realize quantitative feeding; The fixing mechanism provides rigid support for the whole equipment; The cooling mechanism comprises a device cooling part and a fiber cooling part, wherein the device cooling part is used for providing a cold source for the microwave generator and the wire drawing bushing plate; The coating mechanism comprises a sizing agent groove and a roller type coating device and is used for uniformly coating sizing agent on the surface of the solidified fiber tows; The winding mechanism adopts an active double-winding head design and is used for winding the generated fibers; the control mechanism comprises a control cabinet integrated with a PLC and an industrial personal computer, temperature, flow and speed parameters are acquired through sensors, and the operation of each component is controlled.

Description

Melting furnace and basalt fiber wire drawing equipment based on microwave cooperative heating Technical Field The application belongs to the technical field of basalt fiber drawing, and particularly relates to a melting furnace and basalt fiber drawing equipment based on microwave cooperative heating. Background The basalt continuous fiber is an inorganic high-performance fiber which is prepared by taking natural basalt ore as a raw material and carrying out high-temperature melting and wiredrawing forming. The composite material has the excellent characteristics of high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, good heat insulation and sound insulation performance and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry, civil construction, automobile weight reduction and the like. At present, the main stream method for industrially producing basalt continuous fiber adopts an all-electric melting tank method or a cupola-crucible method, and the core of the method is a melting tank heated by fuel gas, fuel oil or resistance. The traditional modes have inherent defects of firstly large thermal inertia, low thermal efficiency (generally lower than 30%) and high energy consumption due to external heating through convection and radiation, secondly, large temperature gradient in a kiln due to external heating, uneven heating of raw materials, insufficient melting or local overheating easily caused by uneven melt components, easy broken ends and broken filaments produced during wire drawing, poor consistency of mechanical properties of products, and further, a large amount of pollutants such as CO 2 and NOx produced by a gas or fuel melting kiln, which do not meet the green manufacturing requirements, and finally, high-temperature basalt melt is severely corroded on refractory materials, so that the service life of the kiln is shortened, the maintenance cost is increased, the precipitated impurities pollute the melt and the fiber quality is influenced. In recent years, the microwave heating technology as a novel volumetric heating mode has shown great potential in the field of material processing. The material absorbs microwave energy to be converted into heat energy, so that integral synchronous heating is realized, and the material has the advantages of quick heating, energy saving, cleaning and the like in theory. However, the technology still faces serious challenges in basalt continuous fiber industrialization application, namely firstly, uniform microwave fields are difficult to form in a large-scale industrial cavity, raw materials are easy to be heated unevenly to influence melting quality, secondly, a high-efficiency stable transmission and coupling system of microwave energy is complex in design under the high-temperature melting state of 1400-1500 ℃ and needs to effectively prevent energy reflection from damaging a microwave source, furthermore, the microwave transmission system, a temperature measuring element and kiln body materials need to have extremely high temperature resistance and high melt corrosion resistance, and finally, a microwave melting furnace is integrated with subsequent wiredrawing process equipment in an efficient, stable and sealed manner, so that a mature and reliable continuous production line scheme is not formed yet. Therefore, development of a microwave melting device capable of solving the problems and realizing efficient, uniform, energy-saving and clean production of basalt continuous fiber has become a technical breakthrough in the urgent need in the art. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to overcome the defects of high energy consumption, uneven melting, unstable product quality and environmental pollution in the prior art. In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a melting furnace based on microwave cooperative heating, comprising: the furnace body is of a hollow columnar structure and provided with 4-8 side surfaces; the cylindrical feeding pipe penetrates through the top center of the melting furnace from top to bottom and extends into the melting furnace; the funnel-shaped melting tank is positioned at the central position of the bottom of the melting furnace and penetrates through the bottom of the melting furnace; the microwave generators are fixed on the outer side of the furnace body and have the same height as the melting tank and are used for providing heat required by melting basalt ores; A plurality of heating electrodes fixed inside the furnace body and uniformly surrounding the feeding pipe; the wire drawing bushing is detachably fixed at the bottom of the melting tank and is provided with a plurality of wire drawing leakage nozzles for forming stable liquid drops from molten basalt and primarily drawing the molten basalt into a fiber embryonic form. As an improvement of the above melting furnace, the furnace body is made of m