CN-121990846-A - Earthworm-microorganism staged synergistic composting method for biological organic waste

CN121990846ACN 121990846 ACN121990846 ACN 121990846ACN-121990846-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an earthworm-microorganism staged synergistic composting method for biological organic waste, and relates to the technical field of biological organic waste decomposed composting. The method comprises the steps of covering the surface of crushed biological organic waste with decomposed fertilizer, heating to 55-60 ℃, inoculating aerobic azotobacter for treatment for preset time, cooling to 45-50 ℃, inoculating anaerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria for treatment for preset time, and adding earthworms when the temperature is stable and is less than or equal to 35 ℃, the pH value is 6.5-7.5 and the NH3 is less than or equal to 5 ppm, and maintaining 15-25 ℃ and the humidity for preset time to complete composting. By adopting the method, agricultural wastes can be treated more effectively, nitrogen fixation is enhanced, the survival rate of earthworms is improved, the composting efficiency and quality are improved obviously, and the environmental pollution is reduced.

Inventors

ZHOU YONG
ZHOU JING
HUANG MENGTING
LI XINYUE
ZHOU YONG
ZHENG ZUHONG

Assignees

湖北工程学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260116

Claims (10)

1. The earthworm-microorganism staged synergistic composting method for the biological organic waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of: covering the surface of the crushed biological organic waste with decomposed fertilizer, heating to 55-60 ℃, and inoculating aerobic azotobacter for treatment for a preset time; when the temperature is reduced to less than or equal to 50 ℃, inoculating anaerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria and continuing to cool for a preset time; Cooling to a temperature of less than or equal to 35 ℃ with a stable temperature, a pH value of 6.5-7.5 and a NH 3 of less than or equal to 5 ppm, putting earthworms into the reactor, ventilating the reactor, and maintaining 15-25 ℃ and humidity for a preset time to finish composting; The aerobic azotobacter is Weinigella azotobacter (Azotobacter vinelandii), indian Bei Jielin gram bacteria (Beijerinckia indica) and gella (Derxia gummosa); The facultative anaerobe is Paenibacillus polymyxa (Paenibacillus polymyxa) and Vibrio oleosa (Azoarcus olearius), and the anaerobe is Clostridium barbituric (Clostridium pasteurianum).
2. The bio-organic waste earthworm-microorganism staged co-composting method according to claim 1, wherein the bio-organic waste has a C/N ratio of 25-30 and a ph of 6.5-7.5.
3. The bio-organic waste earthworm-microorganism staged co-composting process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bio-organic waste consists of animal manure and straw; further, the mass ratio of the animal manure to the straw is (3-4): 1.
4. The method for the staged co-composting of earthworms-microorganisms of bio-organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the inoculum size of said aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria is (0.5-2.0) x 10 6 CFU/g, and the total inoculum size of said facultative anaerobes and anaerobes is (0.5-2.0) x 10 6 CFU/g, based on the mass of said bio-organic waste; further, the inoculation amount of the aerobic azotobacter is 10 6 CFU/g, and the total inoculation amount of the facultative anaerobe and the anaerobe is 10 6 CFU/g.
5. The earthworm-microorganism staged synergistic composting method for biological organic waste material according to claim 1, wherein the method for inoculating aerobic azotobacter is characterized in that the biological organic waste material with the thickness of 50 cm is laid, the decomposed fertilizer with the thickness of 5 cm is laid on the surface of the biological organic fertilizer, air with the volume concentration of O 2 being more than or equal to 10% is continuously introduced, the ventilation rate is 30 m 3 /(h.t), the temperature is raised and maintained at 55-65 ℃, and the aerobic azotobacter is inoculated for 3-7 days.
6. The earthworm-microorganism staged synergistic composting method for biological organic waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the aerobic azotobacter is 30-50% of the virens azotobacter (Azotobacter vinelandii), 20-40% of the indian Bei Jielin gram bacterium (Beijerinckia indica) and 20-40% of the glue Dekkera bacterium (Derxia gummosa); Further, the mass ratio of the aerobic azotobacter is 40% of the Weinigella azotobacter (Azotobacter vinelandii), 30% of the India Bei Jielin g bacillus (Beijerinckia indica) and 30% of the Jiaodek bacillus (Derxia gummosa).
7. The method for the staged synergistic composting of earthworms and microorganisms for biological organic waste material according to claim 1, wherein the step of inoculating facultative anaerobes and anaerobic bacteria for treatment is to inoculate the facultative anaerobes and anaerobic bacteria when the temperature is reduced to less than or equal to 50 ℃, and to maintain the oxygen concentration of 1% -5% for continuous cooling treatment for 9 days.
8. The earthworm-microorganism staged synergistic composting method for bioorganic waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the facultative anaerobe and the anaerobe, the mass ratio of the paenibacillus polymyxa (Paenibacillus polymyxa) is 30-50%, the mass ratio of the vibrio oleoresin (Azoarcus olearius) is 20-40%, the mass ratio of the clostridium barbituric (Clostridium pasteurianum) is 20-40%; Further, the mass ratio of the Paenibacillus polymyxa (Paenibacillus polymyxa) is 40%, the mass ratio of the Vibrio oleosa (Azoarcus olearius) is 30%, and the mass ratio of the Clostridium barbiticum (Clostridium pasteurianum) is 30%.
9. The method for the staged synergistic composting of earthworms and microorganisms of biological organic waste materials according to claim 1, wherein the aerobic azotobacter or anaerobic bacteria are carried on carrier powder before being inoculated, and after being solidified by spraying trehalose, the aerobic azotobacter or anaerobic bacteria are prepared.
10. The method for the staged synergistic composting of earthworms and microorganisms of bioorganic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the density of the earthworms is 5-10 kg/m 2 and the treatment time after the earthworms are thrown is 25-35 days; further, the putting density of the earthworms is 7.5 kg/m 2 , and the treatment time after the earthworms are put in is 30 days; further, the ventilation method after the earthworms are put in is that the oxygen concentration in the pores of the material pile is maintained to be not lower than 15 percent, and every ventilation is 10-20 min, 40-60 min is stopped.

Description

Earthworm-microorganism staged synergistic composting method for biological organic waste Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of biological organic waste decomposed compost, in particular to an earthworm-microorganism staged synergistic composting method of biological organic waste. Background Earthworm composting is an ecological technology for converting organic wastes into high-quality organic fertilizers by using earthworms, and is widely applied to the recycling treatment of agricultural wastes. The traditional earthworm composting technology has the problems of serious nitrogen loss (mainly volatilized in an ammonia form), low earthworm survival rate (often lower than 70%), high emission of greenhouse gases (methane CH 4 and nitrous oxide N 2 O), long composting period (usually more than 60 days) and the like. The existing microorganism-earthworm synergistic technology mostly adopts conventional strains (such as bacillus subtilis, saccharomycetes and the like), has single function, has limited synergistic effect on key processes such as nitrogen fixation, humus synthesis, lignocellulose degradation and the like, and leads to insufficient composting efficiency and quality improvement. Disclosure of Invention Compared with the traditional earthworm composting technology, the earthworm-microorganism staged synergistic composting method provided by the invention can treat agricultural wastes more effectively, strengthen nitrogen fixation, promote the survival rate of earthworms, and finally remarkably promote composting efficiency and quality and reduce environmental pollution. Specifically, the method is realized by the following technology. The invention provides an earthworm-microorganism staged synergistic composting method of biological organic waste, which comprises the following steps: covering the surface of the crushed biological organic waste with decomposed fertilizer, heating to 55-60 ℃, and inoculating aerobic azotobacter for treatment for a preset time; Cooling to 45-50 ℃, inoculating anaerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria, and continuing cooling treatment for a preset time; Cooling to a temperature of less than or equal to 35 ℃ with a stable temperature, a pH value of 6.5-7.5 and a NH 3 of less than or equal to 5 ppm, putting earthworms into the reactor, ventilating the reactor, and maintaining 15-25 ℃ and humidity for a preset time to finish composting; The aerobic azotobacter is Weinigella azotobacter (Azotobacter vinelandii), indian Bei Jielin gram bacteria (Beijerinckia indica) and gella (Derxia gummosa); The facultative anaerobe is Paenibacillus polymyxa (Paenibacillus polymyxa) and Vibrio oleosa (Azoarcus olearius), and the anaerobe is Clostridium barbituric (Clostridium pasteurianum). In the patent, nitrogen in air is converted into ammonia by introducing rare nitrogen-fixing bacteria and multifunctional bacteria, so that the volatilization of nitrogen is reduced, and the nitrogen content in the compost is improved. To earthworm survival rate problem, the early introduction of earthworm in traditional earthworm composting process leads to its mortality rate >40%, and this patent can the accurate control earthworm intervene opportunity, has showing the earthworm survival rate that has promoted. For the problem of greenhouse gas emission, methane, nitrous oxide and other room gases can be generated in the traditional composting process, so that adverse effects are caused on the environment, nitrogen can be fixed through nitrogen fixing bacteria, composting conditions are optimized, the anaerobic fermentation process is reduced, and the greenhouse gas emission is reduced. Further, the bio-organic waste has a C/N ratio of 25-30 and a pH of 6.5-7.5. Further, the bio-organic waste consists of animal waste and straw. Further, the mass ratio of the animal manure to the straw is (3-4): 1. Further, the inoculation amount of the aerobic nitrogen fixation bacteria is (0.5-2.0) multiplied by 10 6 CFU/g, and the total inoculation amount of the facultative anaerobes and anaerobes is (0.5-2.0) multiplied by 10 6 CFU/g based on the mass of the bio-organic waste material. Further, the inoculation amount of the aerobic azotobacter is 10 6 CFU/g. Still further, the total inoculum size of the facultative anaerobes and anaerobes is 10 6 CFU/g. Further, the method for inoculating aerobic azotobacter for treatment comprises the steps of laying bio-organic waste with the thickness of 50 cm, laying the decomposed fertilizer with the thickness of 5 cm on the surface of the bio-organic fertilizer, continuously introducing air with the volume concentration of O 2 being more than or equal to 10%, the ventilation rate being 30m 3/(h.t), heating and maintaining the temperature at 55-65 ℃, and inoculating the aerobic azotobacter for 3-7 days. Further, the mass ratio of the aerobic azotobacter is 30-50% of the Vinigella azotobacter (Azotobacter vinelandii), 20-40% of the India