CN-121990858-A - Soil improvement fertilizer for improving vegetation survival rate in semiarid regions and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a soil improvement fertilizer for improving vegetation survival rate in semiarid regions and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of improvement fertilizers. The soil improvement fertilizer provided by the invention utilizes the organic matrix activating material to quickly supplement soil organic matters, quickly reconstruct a soil aggregate structure, promote microorganism proliferation and further improve soil fertility, integrates an autonomous water retention function of the water retention composite material, reduces ineffective evaporation of soil moisture, activates soil intrinsic microbial activity, realizes improvement of soil fertility in a short period, can quickly bond sand grains to form aggregates in the mineral conditioner, relieves desertification, cooperates with the organic matrix activating material and the intrinsic functional microbial agent, provides a loose environment for quick rooting of plant roots, and can continuously provide nutrients for growth of vegetation seedling stage and improvement of soil microbial activity in a short period by slow-release nutrient carriers, avoid quick loss of nutrients and assist in activating the intrinsic microbes.

Inventors

• ZHANG MING
• XIE YONGZHAO
• GUO WENBIN
• WANG XIULI
• ZHANG ZHIQIANG
• LI YANG
• SU ZHIQIANG
• WANG YONGCHUN
• LI LANLAN

Assignees

• 中基发展建设工程有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260122

Claims (10)

1. 1. The soil improvement fertilizer for improving the vegetation survival rate in the semiarid region is characterized by comprising, by weight, 24-60 parts of an organic matrix activating material, 20-35 parts of a water-retaining composite material, 3-14 parts of a functional microbial agent, 7-25 parts of a mineral conditioner, 3-12 parts of a slow-release nutrient carrier and 0.6-4 parts of an auxiliary agent; The organic matrix activating material is prepared by mixing straw and livestock manure after being decomposed by a rapid decomposing agent with humic acid, the water-retaining composite material is prepared by loading modified sodium polyacrylate with biochar, and the slow-release nutrient carrier is prepared by coating an amino acid compound fertilizer with a starch-polyvinyl alcohol composite film.
2. 2. The soil improvement fertilizer for improving the vegetation survival rate in semiarid regions according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising, by weight, 30-50 parts of an organic matrix activating material, 22-30 parts of a water-retaining composite material, 5-10 parts of a functional microbial inoculum, 10-20 parts of a mineral conditioner, 5-10 parts of a slow-release nutrient carrier and 1-3 parts of an auxiliary agent.
3. 3. The soil improvement fertilizer for improving the survival rate of vegetation in arid regions according to claim 1, wherein the modified sodium polyacrylate is obtained by modifying sodium polyacrylate by gamma ray irradiation.
4. 4. The soil improvement fertilizer for improving the survival rate of vegetation in semiarid regions according to claim 1, wherein the functional microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis, phosphate-dissolving potassium-dissolving bacteria and azotobacter which are screened in the soil in semiarid regions.
5. 5. The soil improvement fertilizer for improving the survival rate of vegetation in arid regions according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
6. 6. A method for preparing the soil improvement fertilizer for improving the vegetation survival rate in semiarid regions according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Mixing straw, livestock manure and a quick decomposing agent, sequentially decomposing and drying, mixing with humic acid, and performing first crushing to obtain an organic matrix activating material; (2) Modifying sodium polyacrylate by gamma ray irradiation, and dispersing into water to obtain modified sodium polyacrylate solution; Mixing biochar with the modified sodium polyacrylate solution, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment, drying and second crushing to obtain a water-retaining composite material; (3) Preparing coating liquid by using corn starch, polyvinyl alcohol, plasticizer and emulsifier, and coating an amino acid compound fertilizer to obtain a slow-release nutrient carrier; mixing the organic matrix activating material obtained in the step (1) and the water-retaining composite material obtained in the step (2) with a mineral conditioner, the slow-release nutrient carrier and an auxiliary agent, and stirring to obtain a mixed material; (4) And (3) adding the functional microbial inoculum into the mixed material obtained in the step (3), and sequentially fermenting, granulating and drying to obtain the soil improvement fertilizer for improving the vegetation survival rate in the semiarid region.
7. 7. The preparation method of the composite material according to claim 6, wherein the decomposing parameters in the step (1) comprise controlling the water content of the material to be 60% -65%, the decomposing temperature to be 50% -60 ℃ and the decomposing time to be 7-10 d.
8. 8. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the gamma-ray irradiation parameters in the step (2) comprise that the irradiation dose of the gamma-ray irradiation equipment is 20-30 kGy, the irradiation temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the irradiation treatment time under the air atmosphere is 1-2 h.
9. 9. The preparation method of the compound amino acid fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein the compound amino acid fertilizer in the step (3) consists of urea, monopotassium phosphate, raw amino acid powder, EDTA-zinc, boric acid and magnesium sulfate in a mass ratio of (2-5): (1-3): (0.8-1.2): 0.5:0.3:0.2.
10. 10. The preparation method of the rice wine, according to claim 6, wherein the fermentation parameters in the step (4) comprise controlling the water content of the material to be 20-25%, the fermentation temperature to be 25-30 ℃ and the fermentation time to be 20-28 h.

Description

Soil improvement fertilizer for improving vegetation survival rate in semiarid regions and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of improved fertilizers, in particular to a soil improvement fertilizer for improving the vegetation survival rate in semiarid regions and a preparation method thereof. Background The soil in semiarid areas has the core problems of structural degradation (desertification and hardening) and extremely low organic matter content, and directly causes low vegetation survival rate and large ecological restoration difficulty. The existing soil improvement technology aiming at the problems mainly comprises large-scale organic fertilizer application, straw mechanized returning, soil structure modifier application, perennial herb planting rotation and the like, but the technology has the following technical problems that (1) the effect is slow and the period is long, the obvious effect can be shown only by continuously implementing the improvement of soil organic matters and the restoration of an aggregate structure for more than 2-3 years, the soil environment suitable for growth is difficult to quickly obtain after vegetation planting, the early survival rate is low, the cost is high, the input-output ratio is low, the material prices of commercial organic fertilizers, biological bactericides, chemical modifiers and the like are high, the equipment matching cost of large-scale application is high, the ecological benefit conversion period of vegetation planting in arid areas is long, the economic return is low, farmers and ecological restoration main popularization will are insufficient, the effect is obviously limited by moisture, the existing improvement technology depends on the soil moisture to realize organic matter decomposition and microbial activation, the drought quality modifier effect is large and even is poor in complete failure, and the technology is only suitable for improving the soil moisture in a single-level land area, such as PAM (PAM) the improvement technology can only has the effect of improving the soil quality and the soil quality can not be realized, and the vegetation protection effect can not be realized simultaneously, and the vegetation protection can be realized by the synergistic effect is realized. Therefore, the development of the soil improvement fertilizer which can rapidly improve the sandy/hardened soil structure of the semiarid region and rapidly improve the soil organic matters, has the advantages of autonomous water retention capacity, reduced water dependence, controllable cost and strong suitability is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the current semiarid region ecological restoration and vegetation planting field, and is also a key break for improving the vegetation survival rate. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a soil improvement fertilizer for improving vegetation survival rate in semiarid regions and a preparation method thereof, and the soil improvement fertilizer provided by the invention can be used for rapidly improving sandy/hardened soil structure in semiarid regions, rapidly improving soil organic matters, simultaneously has autonomous water retention capacity, reduces water dependence, and is controllable in cost and strong in adaptability. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the invention provides a soil improvement fertilizer for improving vegetation survival rate in semiarid regions, which is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 24-60 parts of an organic matrix activating material, 20-35 parts of a water-retaining composite material, 3-14 parts of a functional microbial inoculum, 7-25 parts of a mineral conditioner, 3-12 parts of a slow-release nutrient carrier and 0.6-4 parts of an auxiliary agent; The organic matrix activating material is prepared by mixing straw and livestock manure after being decomposed by a rapid decomposing agent with humic acid, the water-retaining composite material is prepared by loading modified sodium polyacrylate with biochar, and the slow-release nutrient carrier is prepared by coating an amino acid compound fertilizer with a starch-polyvinyl alcohol composite film. The multifunctional water-retaining composite material is prepared from, by weight, 30-50 parts of an organic matrix activating material, 22-30 parts of a water-retaining composite material, 5-10 parts of a functional microbial agent, 10-20 parts of a mineral conditioner, 5-10 parts of a slow-release nutrient carrier and 1-3 parts of an auxiliary agent. Preferably, the modified sodium polyacrylate is obtained by modifying sodium polyacrylate through gamma ray irradiation. Preferably, the functional microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis, phosphate and potassium dissolving bacteria and nitrogen fixing bacteria which are screened in the soil in semiarid regi