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CN-121990859-A - Preparation method and application of composite microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer

CN121990859ACN 121990859 ACN121990859 ACN 121990859ACN-121990859-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural water-soluble fertilizer preparation. According to the invention, the high-activity sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer is prepared by compounding functional microbial flora consisting of clostridium butyricum, bacillus coagulans, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus pumilus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus casei, taking high-purity sodium humate as a core matrix, matching with nutrient components such as glucose, molasses, seaweed extracts and the like, and adopting a special process of matrix activation, step fermentation and anaerobic micro-control, so as to replace the traditional simple compounding mode. The water-soluble fertilizer can effectively repair the problems of nutrient imbalance, hardening, microecological imbalance and the like of continuous cropping soil, remarkably improve the content of humic acid in soil and the effectiveness of elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and the like, improve the rhizosphere environment of crops, enhance the stress resistance of crops and finally realize the quality optimization and the yield improvement of crops.

Inventors

  • ZHAO JINYAN
  • LI KEKE
  • HAN ZHIPENG
  • GUO SONGFENG
  • ZHU MENGJIE

Assignees

  • 河南金百合生物科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260203

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass through synergistic fermentation: 45-55 parts of sodium humate, 3-7 parts of carbon source, 1-3 parts of nitrogen source, 1-2 parts of phosphorus and potassium source, 0.5-1 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.2-0.3 part of EDTA chelated trace elements, 1-2 parts of seaweed extract, 200-300 parts of water and 0.46-0.77 part of compound microbial agent calculated by dry weight of thalli; the carbon source comprises glucose and molasses, wherein the mass ratio of the glucose to the molasses is 2-4:1-3; The nitrogen source comprises urea; The phosphorus potassium source comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate; The composite microbial agent comprises, by dry weight of thalli, 0.05-0.1 part of clostridium butyricum fermentation liquor, 0.05-0.1 part of bacillus coagulans fermentation liquor, 0.15-0.2 part of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 0.07-0.1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor, 0.04-0.07 part of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, 0.05-0.1 part of lactobacillus plantarum fermentation liquor and 0.05-0.1 part of lactobacillus casei fermentation liquor.
  2. 2. The compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of viable bacteria in the compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer meets the following condition that the viable bacteria count of lactobacillus is more than or equal to 5.0X10 8 CFU/g and the total effective viable bacteria count is more than or equal to 2X 10 9 CFU/g.
  3. 3. The compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of humic acid in the compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer is more than or equal to 30%.
  4. 4. The preparation method of the composite microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: respectively preparing fermentation liquor of clostridium butyricum, bacillus coagulans, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus pumilus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus casei; Mixing sodium humate, water, glucose and urea according to a proportion, heating to 50-60 ℃, preserving heat for 20-40 min for activation, cooling to 30-35 ℃, adding clostridium butyricum fermentation liquor and bacillus coagulans fermentation liquor, and carrying out primary fermentation; After the first fermentation is finished, the temperature of the system is reduced to 26-30 ℃, molasses, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, EDTA chelated trace elements, seaweed extract, bacillus subtilis fermentation liquid, bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquid, bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, lactobacillus plantarum fermentation liquid and lactobacillus casei fermentation liquid are added for carrying out second fermentation, wherein the second fermentation comprises an early aerobic stage and a later anaerobic stage; After the second fermentation is finished, solid-liquid separation and concentration are carried out to obtain a liquid type water-soluble fertilizer, or spray drying is further carried out to obtain a powder type water-soluble fertilizer, thus obtaining the compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer.
  5. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the first fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 30-32 ℃ and a stirring speed of 140-160 r/min, a ventilation rate of 1:0.7-0.9V/V.min, a fermentation time of 44-52 h, and a pH of 6.5-7.0.
  6. 6. The preparation method of the secondary fermentation device according to claim 4, wherein the aerobic stage of the secondary fermentation lasts for 14-18 h, the aeration rate is 1:0.6-0.8V/V.min, the anaerobic stage lasts for 6-10 h, nitrogen is introduced to replace air, the stirring speed is 70-90 r/min, and the whole-course temperature of the secondary fermentation is maintained at 26-30 ℃.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the pH in the aerobic stage is maintained at 6.5 to 7.0, and the pH in the anaerobic stage is maintained at 5.5 to 6.0.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the spray drying is carried out at an inlet air temperature of 170-190 ℃ and an outlet air temperature of 75-85 ℃.
  9. 9. The application of the compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer in agriculture, which is characterized in that the compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer is used for improving degraded soil, improving the content of organic matters and trace elements in the soil, enhancing the stress resistance of crops and promoting the yield and quality of the crops.
  10. 10. The application of claim 9, wherein the compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer is applied by foliar spraying, flushing or drip irrigation, and the dilution factor is 300-800 times.

Description

Preparation method and application of composite microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural water-soluble fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a composite microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer. Background Water-soluble fertilizer (Water-Soluble Fertilizer, WSF) is used as a core fertilizer for modern agriculture, is a multi-element compound nutritional preparation with full Water-soluble characteristics, and has the outstanding characteristics of thorough dissolution, no solid residue and capability of being quickly fused with irrigation Water to form a uniform nutrient system. Compared with traditional fertilizers such as calcium superphosphate and granular compound fertilizer, the water-soluble fertilizer has remarkable advantages in crop absorption efficiency and application scene, can be rapidly absorbed by crops through root systems and leaf surfaces, has an effective nutrient utilization rate of 80-90%, is far superior to that of common fertilizers, can be more accurately adapted to modern water-saving irrigation systems such as sprinkling irrigation and drip irrigation, and realizes an integrated management mode of synchronous water and fertilizer supply and water and fertilizer infiltration. The characteristics can greatly reduce the consumption of water resources and fertilizers in agricultural production, simultaneously reduce the labor investment, and particularly plays an irreplaceable role in improving the quality of crops, reducing the pollution of non-point sources, promoting the cost saving and efficiency improvement of agriculture and the like under the background that the current agricultural water resources are increasingly tense and the ecological environment protection requirements are continuously improved. Sodium humate is used as a natural organic active substance, and has good soil improvement and crop growth promotion functions. The method can effectively activate the fixed nutrients in the soil, improve the physicochemical properties of the soil, promote the propagation of beneficial microorganisms and improve the organic matter content of the soil. At present, some sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer products exist in the market, but most of the sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer products mainly adopt chemical compounding or simple physical mixing, have single functions, have limited systemic restoration capability on soil microecology, and particularly have insufficient performance in the presence of composite soil problems such as nutrient preservation, soil hardening, microorganism unbalance and the like. In addition, although products combining single or few microbial agents with humic acid substances exist in the prior art, the simple compounding process is adopted in most cases, the microbial activity is not good, the synergistic effect among flora is lacked, and a stable microbial-humic acid linkage system is difficult to form. Especially when facing complex soil environments, such products still have significantly shorter plates in terms of flora colonization, lasting action, nutrient circulation efficiency, etc. Therefore, development of a compound water-soluble fertilizer product which can not only improve the soil structure and improve the nutrient utilization efficiency, but also systematically repair the microecology of the soil and strengthen the stress resistance of crops is needed to solve the practical problems of soil degradation, continuous cropping obstacle, low fertilizer utilization rate and the like in the current agricultural production. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a compound microbial sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer, so as to solve the problems in the prior art. According to the invention, the high-activity sodium humate water-soluble fertilizer is prepared by compounding functional microbial flora consisting of clostridium butyricum, bacillus coagulans, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus pumilus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus casei, taking high-purity sodium humate as a core matrix, matching with nutrient components such as glucose, molasses, seaweed extracts and the like, and adopting a special process of matrix activation, step fermentation and anaerobic micro-control, so as to replace the traditional simple compounding mode. The water-soluble fertilizer can effectively repair the problems of nutrient imbalance, hardening, microecological imbalance and the like of continuous cropping soil, remarkably improve the content of humic acid in soil and the effectiveness of elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and the like, improve the rhizosphere environment of crops, enhance the stress resistance of crops and finally realize the quality optimization and the yield improvement of crops. In ord