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CN-121990992-A - Preparation method of ionic liquid

CN121990992ACN 121990992 ACN121990992 ACN 121990992ACN-121990992-A

Abstract

A method of preparing an ionic liquid comprises the following steps. The halogen-containing compound is reacted with the first compound to form a second compound. The halogen-containing compound includes a halocarbon, a sulfonyl halide, or a combination thereof. The first compound includes an amine compound having a tertiary amine group, a phosphine compound, or a combination thereof. The second compound includes a first quaternary ammonium salt, a first quaternary phosphonium salt, or a combination thereof. The second compound is reacted with a lithium salt in a microwave device to form a third compound. The third compound includes a second quaternary ammonium salt, a second quaternary phosphonium salt, or a combination thereof. The anions of the second compound and the third compound are different. The microwave power of the microwave device is 700-1400 watts. The preparation of ionic liquids in a microwave device may reduce the time to prepare ionic liquids. By the preparation method, the ionic liquid with low water content, high ionic conductivity, low viscosity and wide electrochemical stability window can be prepared.

Inventors

  • CHEN WEIZHAO
  • CHEN XUANYU
  • Wang Pinhan
  • ZHANG ZENGLONG

Assignees

  • 鸿海精密工业股份有限公司
  • 芯量科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20241108

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method of preparing an ionic liquid comprising: Reacting a halogen-containing compound with a first compound to form a second compound, wherein the halogen-containing compound comprises a halocarbon, sulfonyl halide, or combination thereof, the first compound comprises an amine compound having a tertiary amine group, a phosphine compound, or combination thereof, and the second compound comprises a first quaternary ammonium salt, a first quaternary phosphonium salt, or combination thereof, and Reacting the second compound with a lithium salt in a microwave device to form a third compound, wherein the third compound comprises a second quaternary ammonium salt, a second quaternary phosphonium salt, or a combination thereof, the anions of the second compound and the third compound are different, and the microwave device has a microwave power of 700 watts to 1400 watts.
  2. 2. The method for producing an ionic liquid according to claim 1, wherein the amine compound having a tertiary amine group comprises an amine compound having a structure represented by the formula (1-1), an imidazole compound, a pyrrolidine compound, a pyridine compound, a pyrrole compound, a pyrazole compound, an imidazoline compound, a pyrazoline compound or a combination thereof having a structure represented by the formula (1-2), Wherein R 1 to R 5 are independently C1 to C22 straight chain alkyl, C1 to C22 branched alkyl, C4 to C6 cycloalkyl or C4 to C6 heterocycloalkyl.
  3. 3. The method for producing an ionic liquid according to claim 1, wherein the halocarbon has a structure represented by formula (2-1), the sulfonyl halide has a structure represented by formula (2-2), R 1 '-X 1 is represented by the formula (2-1), R 2 '-SO 2 X 2 is represented by the formula (2-2), Wherein R 1 'and R 2 ' are independently C1 to C22 straight chain alkyl, C1 to C22 branched chain alkyl, C4 to C6 cycloalkyl, C4 to C6 heterocycloalkyl, or C6 to C10 aryl, and X 1 and X 2 are independently fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
  4. 4. A method of producing an ionic liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a reaction pressure at which the second compound and the lithium salt are reacted in the microwave device is greater than 1atm and equal to or less than 2atm.
  5. 5. A method of preparing an ionic liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising performing a heating operation after reacting the second compound with the lithium salt in the microwave device, wherein the heating temperature of the heating operation is 60 ℃ to 180 ℃.
  6. 6. The method for preparing an ionic liquid according to claim 5, wherein the heating time of the heating operation is 6 hours or less.
  7. 7. A method of preparing an ionic liquid comprising: Reacting a halogen-containing compound with a first compound in a first microwave device to form a second compound, wherein the halogen-containing compound comprises a halocarbon, sulfonyl halide, or a combination thereof, the first compound comprises an amine compound having a tertiary amine group, a phosphine compound, or a combination thereof, the second compound comprises a first quaternary ammonium salt, a first quaternary phosphonium salt, or a combination thereof, and the amine compound having a tertiary amine group comprises a compound having a structure as shown in formula (1-1), an imidazole compound, a pyrrolidine compound, a pyridine compound, a pyrrole compound, a pyrazole compound, a imidazoline compound, a pyrazoline compound, or a combination thereof, Wherein R 1 to R 5 are independently C1 to C22 straight chain alkyl, C1 to C22 branched alkyl, C4 to C6 cycloalkyl or C4 to C6 heterocycloalkyl, and Reacting the second compound with a lithium salt in a second microwave device to form a third compound, wherein the third compound comprises a second quaternary ammonium salt, a second quaternary phosphonium salt, or a combination thereof, and the anions of the second compound and the third compound are different.
  8. 8. The method of preparing an ionic liquid according to claim 7, wherein the microwave power at which the halogen-containing compound and the first compound are reacted in the first microwave device and the microwave power at which the second compound and the lithium salt are reacted in the second microwave device are each 700 watts to 1400 watts.
  9. 9. The method for producing an ionic liquid according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a reaction pressure at which the halogen-containing compound and the first compound are reacted in the first microwave device and a reaction pressure at which the second compound and the lithium salt are reacted in the second microwave device are each greater than 1 atmosphere and equal to or less than 2 atmospheres.
  10. 10. The method for producing an ionic liquid according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a reaction temperature at which the halogen-containing compound and the first compound are reacted in the first microwave device and a reaction temperature at which the second compound and the lithium salt are reacted in the second microwave device are each 60 ℃ to 250 ℃.

Description

Preparation method of ionic liquid Technical Field The invention relates to a method for preparing ionic liquid. Background An electrolyte is indispensable in a battery. Conventionally, liquid electrolytes are often used as electrolytes in batteries, wherein liquid electrolytes such as ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, etc. have low ignition and volatilization points, and thus safety concerns are raised when the battery is thermally out of control. As liquid electrolytes have the above problems, other types of electrolytes or electrolyte adjuvants have been developed, such as solid electrolytes, special additives, gelled electrolytes or flame retardants. Solid state electrolytes have complex interfaces and ionic conductivity issues and are therefore not widely used. Specific additives such as fluoroethylene carbonate, bis-fluoroethylene carbonate, 2-trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate, etc. have high boiling points, however, the specific additives are expensive and difficult to produce, and thus have not been widely used. The gelled electrolyte is not easy to generate a large number of reaction interfaces due to the introduction of gelled substances, and the problem of boiling still exists. The flame retardant has problems of improved internal resistance of the battery, poor reaction uniformity and the like after being introduced into the battery, and thus cannot be widely used. Therefore, development of other electrolyte solutions that can improve the flame resistance, battery stability and ion conductivity is needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a method for preparing an ionic liquid, which comprises the following steps. Reacting a halogen-containing compound with a first compound to form a second compound, wherein the halogen-containing compound comprises a halocarbon, sulfonyl halide, or combination thereof, the first compound comprises an amine compound having a tertiary amine group, a phosphine compound, or combination thereof, and the second compound comprises a first quaternary ammonium salt, a first quaternary phosphonium salt, or combination thereof. Reacting the second compound with a lithium salt in a microwave device to form a third compound, wherein the third compound comprises a second quaternary ammonium salt, a second quaternary phosphonium salt, or a combination thereof, the anions of the second compound and the third compound are different, and the microwave device has a microwave power of 700 watts to 1400 watts. In some embodiments, amine compounds having a tertiary amine group include compounds having a structure as shown in formula (1-1), imidazoles, pyrrolidines, pyridines, pyrroles, pyrazoles, imidazolines, pyrazoles, or combinations thereof,Wherein R 1 and R 5 are independently C1 to C22 straight chain alkyl, C1 to C22 branched alkyl, C4 to C6 cycloalkyl or C4 to C6 heterocycloalkyl. In some embodiments, the halocarbon includes a structure as shown in formula (2-1), the sulfonyl halide includes a structure as shown in formula (2-2), R 1'-X1 is represented by the formula (2-1), R 2'-SO2X2 is represented by the formula (2-2), Wherein R 1 'and R 2' are independently C1 to C22 straight chain alkyl, C1 to C22 branched chain alkyl, C4 to C6 cycloalkyl, C4 to C6 heterocycloalkyl, or C6 to C10 aryl, and X 1 and X 2 are independently fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. In some embodiments, the reaction pressure at which the second compound and the lithium salt are reacted in the microwave device is greater than 1atm and less than or equal to 2atm. In some embodiments, the method of preparing an ionic liquid further comprises performing a heating operation after reacting the second compound with the lithium salt in the microwave device, wherein the heating temperature of the heating operation is from 60 ℃ to 180 ℃. In some embodiments, the heating time of the heating operation is 6 hours or less. The invention provides a method for preparing an ionic liquid, which comprises the following steps. Reacting a halogen-containing compound with a first compound in a first microwave device to form a second compound, wherein the halogen-containing compound comprises a halocarbon, sulfonyl halide, or a combination thereof, the first compound comprises an amine compound having a tertiary amine group, a phosphine compound, or a combination thereof, the second compound comprises a first quaternary ammonium salt, a first quaternary phosphonium salt, or a combination thereof, and the amine compound having a tertiary amine group comprises a structure as shown in formula (1-1), an imidazole compound, a pyrrolidine compound, a pyridine compound, a pyrrole compound, a pyrazole compound, a imidazoline compound, a pyrazoline compound, or a combination thereof,Wherein R 1 to R 5 are independently C1 to C22 straight chain alkyl, C1 to C22 branched alkyl, C4 to C6 cycloalkyl or C4 to C6 heterocycloalkyl. Reacting the second compound with a lithium salt in a second micro