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CN-121991258-A - Plant polysaccharide extraction method

CN121991258ACN 121991258 ACN121991258 ACN 121991258ACN-121991258-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant polysaccharide extraction method, wherein the plant is a plant with polysaccharide content of 20-40%, the method is to extract polysaccharide from the plant under the action of magnetic particles, namely crude polysaccharide is recovered by alcohol precipitation, and deproteinization and purification are carried out on the crude polysaccharide by adopting a Sevag method to obtain plant polysaccharide. The extraction method comprises the steps of (1) mixing plant powder and magnetic beads in water, ball milling, centrifuging, alcohol precipitation, centrifuging and drying to obtain crude polysaccharide, and (2) centrifuging and drying the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution to obtain plant polysaccharide. The plant polysaccharide extraction method provided by the invention can achieve the effects of high extraction rate, simple process and short time.

Inventors

  • BI WENTAO
  • TIAN XINGZHEN
  • WAN JIE
  • HU SHENGLEI
  • CHEN DAYONG

Assignees

  • 南京师范大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260130

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The plant polysaccharide extracting process includes extracting polysaccharide from plant with polysaccharide content of 20-40%, alcohol depositing to recover coarse polysaccharide, and deproteinizing and purifying the coarse polysaccharide with Sevag process to obtain plant polysaccharide.
  2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic particles are one or more of Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -OH、Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -NH 2 、Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -COOH.
  3. 3. The method for extracting plant polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic particles are Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -NH 2 .
  4. 4. The method for extracting plant polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein the plant is one of dendrobium, matrimony vine and tremella.
  5. 5. The method for extracting plant polysaccharide according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method for extracting plant polysaccharide comprises the steps of: (1) Mixing plant powder and magnetic beads in water, ball milling, centrifuging, alcohol precipitating, centrifuging and drying to obtain crude polysaccharide; (2) Centrifuging and drying the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution to obtain the plant polysaccharide.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of plant powder to magnetic beads in the step (1) is 1:0.3-0.6.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of plant powder to magnetic beads in the step (1) is 1:0.4-0.5.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the plant powder to water in the step (1) is 0.08-0.12g/mL.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the extraction time in the step (1) is 40 to 80 seconds.
  10. 10. The method for extracting plant polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein the ball milling rate in the step (1) is 4-6m/s.

Description

Plant polysaccharide extraction method Technical Field The invention relates to plant polysaccharide extraction, in particular to a plant polysaccharide extraction method. Background The plant polysaccharide is widely applied to grains, fruits, vegetables, various medicinal and edible plants and processing byproducts thereof, has various biological activities of immunoregulation, antioxidation, anti-tumor, blood sugar reduction and the like, and has important application value in the fields of functional foods, health care products and medicines. The existing extraction method of plant polysaccharide mainly comprises a hot water extraction method, an ultrasonic auxiliary extraction method and a microwave auxiliary extraction method. The hot water extraction method has the advantages of simple process, long extraction time, high energy consumption, low extraction efficiency, easiness in degrading thermosensitive components and the like, and the novel technology of the ultrasonic and microwave assisted extraction method improves the extraction efficiency to a certain extent, but still has the defects of high equipment requirement, insufficient process stability and repeatability and the like. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a plant polysaccharide extraction method with high extraction rate, simple process and short time. According to the technical scheme, the plant polysaccharide extraction method comprises the steps of extracting polysaccharide from plants under the action of magnetic particles, namely, recovering crude polysaccharide through alcohol precipitation, and deproteinizing and purifying the crude polysaccharide by adopting a Sevag method to obtain plant polysaccharide, wherein the plant polysaccharide is the plant with the polysaccharide content of 20-40%. Preferably, the magnetic particles are one or more of Fe3O4@SiO2-OH、Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2、Fe3O4@SiO2-COOH, and further preferably Fe 3O4@SiO2-NH2. Preferably, the plant is one of Dendrobium plant, fructus Lycii, and Tremella. Specifically, the extraction method comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing plant powder and magnetic beads in water, ball milling, centrifuging, alcohol precipitating, centrifuging and drying to obtain crude polysaccharide; (2) Centrifuging and drying the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution to obtain the plant polysaccharide. Wherein the mass ratio of the plant powder to the magnetic beads in the step (1) is 1:0.3-0.6, more preferably 1:0.4-0.5, the solid-liquid ratio of the plant powder to the water is 0.08-0.12g/mL, the extraction time is 40-80s, and the ball milling rate is 4-6m/s. The method adopts magnetic beads to extract polysaccharide in plants, wherein the magnetic beads have two functions of machinery and chemistry, namely, firstly, the magnetic beads exert the mechanical function of the magnetic beads in the polysaccharide extraction process, and mechanically grind raw materials or polysaccharide to ensure that the raw materials or the polysaccharide are mixed more uniformly, and in addition, the functional groups on the surfaces of the magnetic beads can form hydrogen bonds with the polysaccharide to help the magnetic beads dissolve and release the magnetic beads from compact plant cell wall matrixes without adding chemical reagents. The auxiliary mechanochemical dendrobium huoshanense has the advantages of improving the extraction efficiency and reducing the energy consumption through the synergistic effect of the magnetic beads, and realizing the environment-friendly and sustainable polysaccharide extraction process. The magnetic functional material has excellent magnetic response characteristics, is convenient for quick separation and repeated use, and accords with the sustainable development concept. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that (1) the method provided by the invention has higher polysaccharide extraction rate, compared with the traditional hot water extraction method, the method has the advantages that the extraction rate is obviously improved by 44.3 percent, (2) the method can be used for efficiently extracting the plant polysaccharide at normal temperature without high-temperature operation, the degradation of thermosensitive components is effectively avoided, and energy is saved, (3) the method not only improves the extraction efficiency, but also can realize the solvent recovery and particle recycling in the extraction process, is beneficial to reducing the solvent consumption and energy consumption, meets the requirements of environmental protection, and (4) compared with the traditional hot water extraction method, the dendrobium huoshanense polysaccharide extracted by the method has higher DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, hydroxyl free radical scavenging capacity and other anti-free radical activities, wherein the DPPH free radical scavenging rate can be up to 70.32 percent, and can be up to 62.7 percent compared with the traditional hot w