CN-121991288-A - Lubricating oil and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides lubricating oil, a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin, which comprises a star-shaped coupling unit and M polyolefin branched chains connected to the star-shaped coupling unit, wherein the number average molecular weight of the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin is 200-10000 g/mol, and M is 2-8. According to the invention, the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin is used as the base oil of the lubricating oil, so that the friction coefficient is effectively reduced, particularly the friction coefficient between electric automobile components at high sliding speed is reduced, and the service life of the components in the automobile is prolonged.

Inventors

• HUANG DONGSHENG
• LIU XIAOLEI
• LI YUAN
• XU JINGJING
• DI ZECHAO
• ZHAO ZHIYU
• JIANG YU
• ZHANG WEIGUANG

Assignees

• 中国石油天然气股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20241107

Claims (16)

1. 1. The star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin is characterized by comprising a star-shaped coupling unit and M polyolefin branched chains connected to the star-shaped coupling unit, wherein the number average molecular weight of the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin is 200-10000 g/mol, and M is 2-8.
2. 2. The star multi-branched polyolefin of claim 1, wherein each of said polyolefin branches independently comprises at least one of structural units derived from butadiene, structural units derived from isoprene.
3. 3. The star multi-branched polyolefin according to claim 2, wherein each of the polyolefin branches comprises 25 to 100wt% of structural units derived from butadiene and 0 to 75wt% of structural units derived from isoprene in terms of mass percent.
4. 4. A star-shaped, multi-branched polyolefin according to claim 1 to 3, wherein the molecular weight distribution index of the star-shaped, multi-branched polyolefin is 1.05 to 1.6, and/or, The hydrogenation degree of the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin is 80-100%.
5. 5. The star multi-branched polyolefin of any of claims 1-4, wherein said star coupling unit comprises at least one of a silicon core, a tin core, a lead core, a titanium core, a germanium core.
6. 6. The star multi-branched polyolefin of any of claims 1-5, wherein said star multi-branched polyolefin is prepared by a process comprising: and (3) adding a star coupling agent to perform coupling reaction after performing polymerization reaction on an olefin monomer to obtain a star conjugate, and then performing hydrogenation reaction on the star conjugate to obtain the star multi-branched polyolefin.
7. 7. A process for the preparation of the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: 1) Under a solvent, taking alkyl lithium as an initiator and adding a polarity regulator to enable an olefin monomer to carry out polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer reaction liquid; 2) Adding a star-shaped coupling agent into the polymerization reaction liquid to perform coupling reaction to obtain a star-shaped conjugate reaction liquid; 3) And adding a metal catalyst into the star-shaped conjugate reaction liquid to carry out hydrogenation reaction, so as to obtain a reaction liquid comprising star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin.
8. 8. The method for producing a star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin according to claim 7, wherein the olefin monomer comprises at least one of butadiene and isoprene, and/or, The star-shaped coupling agent comprises at least one of RCH 3 Cl 3 、RCl 4 、R 2 Cl 6 、R 3 Cl 8 , wherein R comprises at least one of silicon, tin, lead, titanium and germanium.
9. 9. The method for preparing star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin according to claim 8, wherein, The mass of the butadiene accounts for 25-100% of the total mass of the olefin monomers, and/or, The mass of the isoprene accounts for 0-75% of the total mass of the olefin monomers.
10. 10. The process for producing a star-type multi-branched polyolefin according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein in step 1), the mass of the olefin monomer is 5 to 15% by weight based on the total mass of the olefin monomer and the solvent, and/or, The mass of the polar regulator accounts for 0-0.5wt% of the total mass of the polar regulator and the solvent, and/or, In the step 2), the mass of the star-shaped coupling agent accounts for 1-10wt% of the total mass of the star-shaped coupling agent and the solvent.
11. 11. The process for preparing a star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein in step 1), the reaction temperature of the polymerization reaction is 50 to 70℃and the reaction time is 30 to 90 minutes, and/or, In the step 2), the reaction temperature of the coupling reaction is 50-90 ℃, the reaction time is 30-90 min, and/or, In the step 3), the reaction temperature of the hydrogenation reaction is 50-70 ℃, the reaction time is 1-4 hours, and the hydrogen pressure is 1-4 MPa.
12. 12. The method for preparing a star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein step 3) further comprises adding an oxidizing agent to the reaction solution containing the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin for post-treatment to obtain the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin.
13. 13. A lubricating oil, characterized in that the base oil of the lubricating oil comprises the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin produced by the process for producing star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin according to any one of claims 7 to 12.
14. 14. The lubricating oil according to claim 13, wherein the lubricating oil comprises, by mass, 0.5% -8.0% of a viscosity index improver, 0.5% -6.0% of a dispersant, 0.1% -1.0% of an antioxidant, 0.1% -4.0% of an antiwear agent, 0.1% -0.7% of an extreme pressure agent, 0.1% -0.5% of an antirust agent, 0.01% -0.3% of a metal deactivator, 0.1% -0.5% of a detergent, 0.01% -0.05% of an antifoaming agent, and the balance of the base oil.
15. 15. An electric machine, characterized in that it comprises a lubricating oil according to claim 13 or 14.
16. 16. An automobile is characterized in that, the automobile comprising the motor of claim 15.

Description

Lubricating oil and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the field of chemistry, in particular to lubricating oil and a preparation method and application thereof. Background The new energy automobiles are widely focused due to the characteristics of environmental protection and energy conservation, and more new energy automobiles occupy market share and have very broad market prospect. The new energy vehicle power assembly in the current market mainly comprises a combined structure of a water-cooled motor and a single-stage reduction gearbox of a pure electric vehicle, a combined structure of an oil-cooled motor and the single-stage reduction gearbox and a mixed power oil-cooled motor gearbox structure. In recent years, as technology development matures, oil-cooled motor technology gradually occupies the main stream of new energy vehicle transmission system technology, wherein the oil-cooled motor technology needs lubricating oil to provide necessary lubrication for bearings and other rotating parts in a motor, and friction and abrasion are reduced. As a core component of lubricating oils, base oils have a critical impact on the lubricating properties of the lubricating oils. Publication No. CN107828481A discloses a lubricating oil composition for an electric automobile gearbox, wherein the base oil of the lubricating oil adopts at least one of III-type hydrogenated base oil and poly alpha-olefin base oil. Publication number CN105132107B discloses a lubricating oil composition for a transmission of a pure electric vehicle, wherein the base oil of the lubricating oil adopts one or more of PAO4, PAO10 and III hydrogenated base oil. However, the lubricating oils which have been put into practical use at present are not satisfactory in terms of friction coefficient at high sliding speeds when the above base oils are used. Therefore, there is a need for a base oil that can greatly reduce the coefficient of friction, particularly between components of an electric vehicle at high sliding speeds, and increase the useful life of components within the vehicle. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to provide star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin, which is used as base oil of lubricating oil, so that the friction coefficient can be reduced, particularly the friction coefficient between electric automobile components at high sliding speed can be reduced, and the service life of the components in the automobile can be prolonged. In a first aspect, the invention provides a star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin, which comprises a star-shaped coupling unit and M polyolefin branches connected to the star-shaped coupling unit, wherein the number average molecular weight of the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin is 200-10000 g/mol, and M is 2-8. A star multi-branched polyolefin as described above, each of said polyolefin branches independently comprising at least one of structural units derived from butadiene, structural units derived from isoprene. The star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin comprises, by mass, 25-100% of structural units derived from butadiene and 0-75% of structural units derived from isoprene. The star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin has a molecular weight distribution index of 1.05-1.6 and/or, The hydrogenation degree of the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin is 80-100%. The star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin comprises at least one of a silicon core, a tin core, a lead core, a titanium core and a germanium core. The star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: and (3) adding a star coupling agent to perform coupling reaction after performing polymerization reaction on an olefin monomer to obtain a star conjugate, and then performing hydrogenation reaction on the star conjugate to obtain the star multi-branched polyolefin. In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin, comprising the steps of: 1) Under a solvent, taking alkyl lithium as an initiator and adding a polarity regulator to enable an olefin monomer to carry out polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer reaction liquid; 2) Adding a star-shaped coupling agent into the polymerization reaction liquid to perform coupling reaction to obtain a star-shaped conjugate reaction liquid; 3) And adding a metal catalyst into the star-shaped conjugate reaction liquid to carry out hydrogenation reaction, so as to obtain a reaction liquid comprising star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin. The preparation method of the star-shaped multi-branched polyolefin comprises the steps of preparing the olefin monomer comprising at least one of butadiene and isoprene and/or, The star-shaped coupling agent comprises at least one of RCH 3Cl3、RCl4、R2Cl6、R3Cl8, wherein R comprises at least one of silicon, tin, lead, titanium and germanium. The preparation method of the star-shaped multi-branch