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CN-121991404-A - Aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad and preparation method and application thereof

CN121991404ACN 121991404 ACN121991404 ACN 121991404ACN-121991404-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of food fresh-keeping materials, and particularly relates to an aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad comprises the steps of S1, mixing polyethylene glycol, oxalic acid and polyacrylic acid, stirring at 70-80 ℃ to obtain a eutectic solvent, mixing a biomass raw material with the eutectic solvent, extracting, filtering to obtain solid residues, S2, mixing the obtained solid residues with water, homogenizing under high pressure to obtain a cellulose-containing suspension, mixing the cellulose-containing suspension with a gelatin solution and a cross-linking agent, pouring the obtained mixed solution into a forming die, freezing and drying, and taking out to obtain the aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad. The aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad prepared by the method has good mechanical property, water absorption and bacteriostasis, and has excellent fresh-keeping effect in fresh keeping of fish slices.

Inventors

  • ZHENG YANZHEN
  • ZHOU PEIRU
  • Sun Linkun

Assignees

  • 集美大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260410

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, mixing polyethylene glycol, oxalic acid and polyacrylic acid in proportion, stirring at 70-80 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution which is a eutectic solvent, mixing a biomass raw material containing cellulose and lignin with the obtained eutectic solvent, extracting, and filtering to obtain solid residues; S2, mixing the solid residues obtained in the step S1 with water, carrying out high-pressure homogenization treatment to obtain a cellulose-containing suspension, mixing the cellulose-containing suspension, a gelatin solution and a cross-linking agent, pouring the obtained mixed solution into a forming die, then carrying out freeze drying treatment, and taking out to obtain the aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad.
  2. 2. The method for preparing the aerogel composite fresh-keeping pad according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the molar ratio of polyethylene glycol, oxalic acid and polyacrylic acid is (1-3): 1; the number average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 200-400 g/mol; The number average molecular weight of the polyacrylic acid is 1000-3000 g/mol.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the aerogel composite fresh-keeping pad according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the mass ratio of the biomass raw material containing cellulose and lignin to the eutectic solvent is (0.5-2.0) 20; the particle size of the biomass raw material containing cellulose and lignin is 80-100 meshes; the biomass raw material containing cellulose and lignin is selected from at least one of tea powder, bamboo powder and wood powder.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the aerogel composite fresh-keeping pad according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the conditions of the extraction treatment comprise a temperature of 130-150 ℃ and a time of 3-4 hours.
  5. 5. The method for preparing an aerogel composite fresh-keeping pad according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the concentration of the solid content in the cellulose-containing suspension is 1-3 wt%; The content of gelatin in the gelatin solution is 3-5wt%; the cross-linking agent is added in the form of a cross-linking agent solution, and the content of the cross-linking agent in the cross-linking agent solution is 5-15wt%; The cross-linking agent is glutaraldehyde.
  6. 6. The method for preparing an aerogel composite fresh-keeping pad according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, the mass ratio of the cellulose-containing suspension to the gelatin solution is (0.3-3) 1; the dosage of the cross-linking agent solution is 5-15wt% of the total mass of the cellulose-containing suspension and the gelatin solution; The conditions of the mixing treatment comprise the temperature of 40-60 ℃ and the time of 20-40 min.
  7. 7. The preparation method of the aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the gelatin solution is prepared by mixing gelatin with water and then heating to obtain the gelatin solution; The temperature of the heating treatment is 60-80 ℃.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the aerogel composite fresh-keeping pad according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the forming mold is a culture dish, and the amount of the mixed solution poured into the culture dish once is 20-30 g; The temperature of the freeze drying treatment is-70 to-90 ℃ and the time is 48-60 h.
  9. 9. An aerogel composite fresh keeping mat prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
  10. 10. The use of the aerogel composite fresh-keeping mat of claim 9 in fresh keeping of fish fillets.

Description

Aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of food fresh-keeping materials, and particularly relates to an aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background The aquatic products, especially fish, are rich in high-quality proteins, unsaturated fatty acids and various microelements, and are favored by consumers. However, fish are extremely susceptible to spoilage by endogenous enzymes, microbial proliferation and lipid oxidation after slaughtering, resulting in reduced nutritional value, deteriorated organoleptic quality and even potential safety hazards. Therefore, development of efficient and safe fresh-keeping technology to prolong shelf life of aquatic products and reduce postpartum loss has become one of hot spots in food industry and scientific research. The traditional aquatic product preservation method such as low-temperature refrigeration, ice-temperature preservation, chemical preservative treatment and the like can achieve a certain effect, but still has the problems of high energy consumption, limited effect and the like. In recent years, active packaging technology, particularly absorbent pads and antimicrobial packaging, has shown significant advantages because of its ability to actively regulate the microenvironment within the package, absorb exudates, and inhibit the growth of spoilage microorganisms. The ideal fresh-keeping pad material needs to have high water absorbability, good biocompatibility and a certain antibacterial function. Gelatin, which is a natural polymer with wide sources and biodegradability, has good film forming property and biocompatibility, is a common raw material for preparing fresh-keeping base materials, but has the defects of insufficient mechanical strength, weak antibacterial property and the like, so that the gelatin is limited to be used singly. Cellulose is the most abundant renewable polymer in nature, has excellent mechanical properties and hydrophilicity, and is often used for compounding with gelatin to enhance the mechanical strength of the material. However, cellulose generally needs to be subjected to nanocrystallization treatment to be well compatible with gelatin so as to prepare the preservative film/preservative pad material with excellent mechanical properties. The high-pressure homogenization treatment is a common technique for cellulose nanocrystallization, and compared with other chemical methods such as TEMPO oxidation, acid hydrolysis and the like, the mechanical treatment avoids excessive damage to a cellulose structure, reduces the risk of introducing certain substances with cytotoxicity due to the chemical method, and can better maintain the filament characteristics of cellulose. However, it is difficult to implement nanocrystallization of cellulose extracted by the eutectic solvent (DES) method in the prior art through high-pressure homogenization treatment, so that the mechanical properties of aerogel-type fresh-keeping pad materials obtained by compounding the cellulose with other film-forming matrixes (such as gelatin and the like) are poor, and the aerogel-type fresh-keeping pad materials cannot be applied. In addition, many fresh-keeping pad materials are required to be additionally added with an antibacterial agent for modification to have good antibacterial performance, so that the process steps are complicated, and the added antibacterial agent is difficult to ensure to be compatible with the original system. Therefore, a new preparation method is needed to be searched, so that the fresh-keeping pad prepared by compounding cellulose and gelatin has good mechanical properties and fish slice fresh-keeping effect. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems that the cellulose extracted by most eutectic solvent (DES) methods is difficult to realize nanocrystallization by high-pressure homogenization treatment, so that the aerogel-type fresh-keeping pad material obtained by compounding cellulose and gelatin has poor mechanical properties and poor fresh-keeping effect, the invention provides the aerogel-type composite fresh-keeping pad, and the preparation method and application thereof. In a first aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing an aerogel type composite fresh-keeping pad. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing polyethylene glycol, oxalic acid and polyacrylic acid in proportion, stirring at 70-80 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution which is a eutectic solvent, mixing a biomass raw material containing cellulose and lignin with the obtained eutectic solvent, extracting, and filtering to obtain solid residues; s2, mixing the solid residues obtained in the step S1 with water, then carrying out high-pressure homogenization treatment to obtain a cellulose-containing suspension, mixing the cellulose-containing suspension, a gelatin solution and