CN-121991522-A - Bamboo-based biomass foaming material and preparation method thereof

CN121991522ACN 121991522 ACN121991522 ACN 121991522ACN-121991522-A

Abstract

The invention provides a bamboo-based biomass foaming material and a preparation method thereof. The bamboo-based biomass foaming material is derived from bamboo cellulose, wherein the bamboo-based biomass foaming material has a three-dimensional network structure, the three-dimensional network structure is formed by stacking micro-scale polyhedral cell walls, and at least part of the polyhedral cell walls are provided with pore structures. The three-dimensional network structure of the bamboo-based biomass foaming material mainly comprises micro-scale polyhedral cell walls, and at least part of the polyhedral cell walls are provided with pore structures, so that the bamboo-based biomass foaming material with excellent performance and environmental friendliness is obtained.

Inventors

ZHANG YAHUI
YANG CHEN
PAN DAWEI
YU WENJI
QI YUE
WU JIE
NIE XIAOYU

Assignees

中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所
安吉县竹产业研究院
浙江竹冠生态科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260211

Claims (10)

1. A bamboo-based biomass foaming material is characterized in that the bamboo-based biomass foaming material is derived from bamboo cellulose, wherein, The bamboo-based biomass foaming material has a three-dimensional network structure formed by stacking micro-scale polyhedral cell walls, and At least a portion of the polyhedral cell walls have a pore structure therebetween.
2. The bamboo-based biomass foaming material according to claim 1, wherein the average diameter of the polyhedral cell walls is 50-200 μm.
3. The bamboo-based biomass foamed material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pore volume of the bamboo-based biomass foamed material is more than 1.5cm 3 /g, the specific surface area of the bamboo-based biomass foamed material is more than 1500m 2 /g, and the Zeta potential value of the bamboo-based biomass foamed material is less than-10 mV.
4. A method for preparing the bamboo-based biomass foaming material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: obtaining bamboo-based solid residues; Modifying the bamboo-based solid residues by using a eutectic solvent to obtain modified bamboo pulp; gelatinizing the modified bamboo pulp to obtain a bamboo-based nanocellulose gel; And pre-freezing the bamboo-based nano cellulose gel, and then removing water through freeze drying to obtain the porous bamboo-based foaming material.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of obtaining bamboo-based solid residue comprises: Pretreatment, namely pretreating a biomass material to obtain a pretreated product, wherein the pretreatment comprises mechanical crushing treatment and softening treatment; The enzymolysis step is that cellulase and/or hemicellulase are used for carrying out enzymolysis treatment on the pretreatment product to obtain an enzymolysis product; and separating the enzymolysis product to obtain bamboo-based solid residues.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the length of the bamboo bundles or the bamboo filaments in the mechanically crushed bamboo material is 10-100mm, the width is 0.5-5mm, and the thickness is 0.1-1mm, and the length of the bamboo fibers or the bamboo crushed aggregates is less than 10mm; The softening treatment temperature is 55-65 ℃ and the soaking time is 24-48h.
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the temperature of the enzymolysis treatment is 30-50 ℃, and the time of the enzymolysis treatment is 4-12 hours; the addition amount of the cellulase and/or the hemicellulase is 0.1-3.0% of the mass of the pretreatment product based on dry basis.
8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the eutectic solvent comprises choline chloride, urea and sulfamic acid, preferably the molar ratio of choline chloride, urea, sulfamic acid is 1:1.5-2.0:0.5-1.0; The mass ratio of the bamboo-based solid residues to the eutectic solvent is 1:30-80; The temperature of the modification treatment is 60-130 ℃, and the time of the modification treatment is 3-7 hours.
9. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the gelation comprises diluting the modified bamboo pulp and then performing superfine grinding treatment to obtain a bamboo-based nanocellulose gel; preferably, the particle diameter after the ultrafine grinding is 50 μm or less.
10. The method of any one of claims 4-9, wherein the pre-freezing is at a temperature of-20 ℃ or less and the pre-freezing is for a period of 3-5 hours.

Description

Bamboo-based biomass foaming material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to a bamboo-based biomass foaming material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of bamboo material application. Background The efficient use of bamboo materials is a key subject for green development. However, the traditional utilization paradigm (such as bamboo plywood, heavy bamboo materials) is essentially densification of bamboo materials as structural building materials. The paradigm can not fully exert the light, high-strength and porous intrinsic characteristics of the bamboo material as a natural polymer composite material, and has a limited value lifting path. Therefore, the bamboo material is converted into the high-performance foaming material to replace petroleum-based foam plastic, represents higher value and more agrees with the utilization direction of the intrinsic attribute of the foam plastic, and is an important breakthrough for realizing green low-carbon transformation. However, the natural dense composite structure of bamboo materials (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin tight interweaving) is a source of their high strength, but is also a barrier to direct foaming. The preparation of the foamed material must first deconstruct this natural structure to expose the reactive groups and create foamable conditions. However, the traditional chemical or physical deconstructing method (such as strong acid, strong alkali, high temperature and high pressure) often damages hemicellulose and lignin, and simultaneously also seriously damages the strength of cellulose itself or causes environmental pollution, and falls into the dilemma of 'broken and damaged'. The prior art, represented by CN120570928a and CN120700074A, introduced the green approach of eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment. The eutectic solvent can effectively destroy the package of lignin and hemicellulose, reduce the crystallinity of cellulose, and remarkably improve the efficiency of subsequent enzymolysis and the component separation effect. The powerful treatment of eutectic solvents generally results in the complete disintegration of the bamboo material from the "fiber reinforced composite" state into a "reactive small molecule solution" at the molecular or oligomer level. This deep, homogeneous dissociation, while favorable for chemical transformations (e.g., saccharification, small molecule extraction), results in the loss of the fibrous network backbone underlying the structure of the material system. The material can only be subsequently "reconstituted" by chemical refolding (e.g. synthetic resins), which is no different from giving up the natural excellent mechanical properties of bamboo cellulose, and the reconstitution process is complex and poorly controllable. In short, the "overconstraint" results in the loss of the root of the "high performance reconstruction". Therefore, how to realize a 'controllable and heterogeneous' deconstructing for the bamboo material under the condition of green temperature, namely, effectively breaking the constraint of lignin and the like, fully exposing cellulose active sites and simultaneously reserving the structural integrity and network skeleton of cellulose micro/nano fibrils to the maximum extent, thereby laying a foundation for directly constructing a foaming network with inherent fiber reinforcement effect through physical interaction in the follow-up process, and becoming the technical problem to be solved. Disclosure of Invention Problems to be solved by the invention In view of the technical problems in the prior art, the invention firstly provides a bamboo-based biomass foaming material. The bamboo-based biomass foaming material forms a unique three-dimensional network structure through stacking of microscale polyhedral cell walls. The three-dimensional network structure mainly comprises micro-scale polyhedral cell walls, and at least part of the polyhedral cell walls are provided with pore structures, so that the bamboo-based biomass foaming material with excellent performance and environmental friendliness is obtained. The invention utilizes the cellulose of the bamboo material itself to form the bamboo-based biomass foaming material with excellent performance through controllable physical interaction. Solution for solving the problem The invention provides a bamboo-based biomass foaming material, wherein the bamboo-based biomass foaming material is derived from bamboo cellulose, The bamboo-based biomass foaming material has a three-dimensional network structure formed by stacking micro-scale polyhedral cell walls, and At least a portion of the polyhedral cell walls have a pore structure therebetween. The bamboo-based biomass foaming material provided by the invention, wherein the average diameter of the polyhedral cell wall is 50-200 mu m. The bamboo-based biomass foaming material provided by the invention has the advantages that the pore volume of the