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CN-121991537-A - Photovoltaic cell surface protection material and preparation method of surface protection layer

CN121991537ACN 121991537 ACN121991537 ACN 121991537ACN-121991537-A

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic cell surface protection material and a preparation method of a surface protection layer, wherein the photovoltaic cell surface protection material comprises 87% -97% of glass oxide, 1% -10% of organic resin and 2% -7% of organic solvent according to mass fraction, and the photovoltaic cell surface protection material can form the surface protection layer with high light transmittance, high density and extremely low light attenuation rate after high-temperature sintering, so that the light transmittance and the service life of the surface protection layer under long-time illumination can be improved.

Inventors

  • LIU CAO
  • LIANG QI
  • LIU RUIMIN
  • Feng Mengxian
  • WANG YONGQIAN

Assignees

  • 珠海富山爱旭太阳能科技有限公司
  • 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司
  • 天津爱旭太阳能科技有限公司
  • 山东爱旭太阳能科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260210

Claims (14)

  1. 1. The photovoltaic cell surface protection material is characterized by comprising, by mass, 87% -97% of glass oxide, 1% -10% of organic resin and 2% -7% of organic solvent.
  2. 2. The photovoltaic cell surface protection material according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the glass oxide is more than 90%, the mass fraction of the organic resin is 1% -5%, and the mass fraction of the organic solvent is 2% -5%.
  3. 3. The photovoltaic cell surface protection material of claim 1, wherein the glass oxide is a mixture of one or more of boron oxide, aluminum oxide, and silicon oxide.
  4. 4. The photovoltaic cell surface protective material according to claim 3, The glass oxide is a mixture of boron oxide and silicon oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the boron oxide to the silicon oxide is 1:3-3:1, or The glass oxide is a mixture of boron oxide and aluminum oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the boron oxide to the aluminum oxide is 1:3-3:1, or The glass oxide is a mixture of aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum oxide to the silicon oxide is 1:3-3:1.
  5. 5. The photovoltaic cell surface protection material of claim 1, wherein the organic resin is a mixture of one or more of epoxy, acrylic, and silicone resins.
  6. 6. The photovoltaic cell surface protection material of claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is a mixture of one or more of xylene, cyclohexane, and methylene chloride.
  7. 7. The photovoltaic cell surface protective material according to claim 1, wherein the glass oxide is in a powder form, and the average particle size of the glass oxide particles is 2 μm to 5 μm.
  8. 8. The preparation method of the photovoltaic cell surface protection slurry is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Obtaining the photovoltaic cell surface protective material of any one of claims 1-7 and mixing it to form a primary slurry; Grinding the primary slurry to form a secondary slurry; And filtering the secondary slurry by adopting a preset-mesh filtering device to obtain the photovoltaic cell surface protection slurry.
  9. 9. The preparation method of the photovoltaic cell surface protection layer is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Forming a protective material layer in a designated area on a surface to be treated of a substrate, wherein the material forming the protective material layer is the photovoltaic cell surface protective paste according to claim 8; And sintering the protective material layer to enable part of the protective material layer to permeate into the substrate to form a connecting structure, and enabling the other part of the protective material layer to sinter to form a surface protective layer.
  10. 10. The method for preparing a surface protection layer for a photovoltaic cell according to claim 9, wherein the area ratio of the designated area in the surface to be treated is more than 30%.
  11. 11. The method for preparing a surface protection layer for a photovoltaic cell according to claim 9, wherein the step of sintering the protection material layer specifically comprises the following steps: And placing the substrate into a sintering chamber and keeping the sintering time in a preset manner, wherein the internal temperature of the sintering chamber is 700-850 ℃, and the preset sintering time is 10-50 s.
  12. 12. The method for preparing the photovoltaic cell surface protection layer according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of the connecting structure is 10 nm-40 nm; the thickness of the surface protection layer is 1-15 mu m.
  13. 13. The method for producing a protective layer for a photovoltaic cell surface according to claim 9, further comprising, before the step of forming the protective material layer in the specified region of the surface to be treated of the substrate, the steps of: and forming a metal material layer on the surface of the substrate, wherein the material forming the metal material layer can be sintered to form a metal electrode.
  14. 14. The method for preparing a protective layer on a surface of a photovoltaic cell according to claim 9, wherein the step of forming a protective material layer in a specified area of the surface to be treated of the substrate comprises the steps of: and coating the photovoltaic cell surface protection slurry in the appointed area by adopting a printing process.

Description

Photovoltaic cell surface protection material and preparation method of surface protection layer Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic manufacturing processes, in particular to a photovoltaic cell surface protection material and a preparation method of a surface protection layer. Background In BC cell fabrication, the front side metal traces and surface structure areas are typically covered with a protective layer to maintain performance and stability. However, the existing protective layer material is easy to age under long-term outdoor illumination, and is mainly characterized by oxidative yellowing, reduced light transmittance and reduced mechanical properties. This not only affects the appearance of the assembly, but also reduces the transmission of the front incident light, reduces the absorption and conversion efficiency of the light energy by the battery, and causes the attenuation of the generated power. Meanwhile, the aging of the protective layer can accelerate the performance degradation of the packaging system, influence the structural durability and insulation reliability of the assembly, and finally shorten the service life of the assembly. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a photovoltaic cell surface protection material and a preparation method of a polycrystalline silicon film layer, and aims to improve the light attenuation resistance of the photovoltaic cell surface protection layer under long-time illumination. The invention provides a photovoltaic cell surface protection material which comprises, by mass, 87% -97% of glass oxide, 1% -10% of organic resin and 2% -7% of organic solvent. Optionally, the mass fraction of the glass oxide is greater than 90%, the mass fraction of the organic resin is 1% -5%, and the mass fraction of the organic solvent is 2% -5%. Optionally, the glass oxide is a mixture of one or more of boron oxide, aluminum oxide, and silicon oxide. Optionally, the glass oxide is a mixture of boron oxide and silicon oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the boron oxide to the silicon oxide is 1:3-3:1, or The glass oxide is a mixture of boron oxide and aluminum oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the boron oxide to the aluminum oxide is 1:3-3:1, or The glass oxide is a mixture of aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum oxide to the silicon oxide is 1:3-3:1. Optionally, the organic resin is a mixture of one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin and silicone resin. Optionally, the organic solvent is a mixture of one or more of xylene, cyclohexane and methylene chloride. Optionally, the glass oxide is in a powder form, and the average particle size of the glass oxide particles is 2-5 μm. As another technical scheme, the invention also provides a preparation method of the photovoltaic cell surface protection slurry, which comprises the following steps: Obtaining the photovoltaic cell surface protective material as described above and mixing it to form a primary slurry; Grinding the primary slurry to form a secondary slurry; And filtering the secondary slurry by adopting a preset-mesh filtering device to obtain the photovoltaic cell surface protection slurry. As another technical scheme, the invention also provides a preparation method of the photovoltaic cell surface protection layer, which comprises the following steps: Forming a protective material layer in a designated area on the surface to be treated of the substrate, wherein the material forming the protective material layer is the photovoltaic cell surface protective slurry as described above; And sintering the protective material layer to enable part of the protective material layer to permeate into the substrate to form a connecting structure, and enabling the other part of the protective material layer to sinter to form a surface protective layer. Optionally, the area of the designated area in the surface to be treated is greater than 30%. Optionally, the step of sintering the protective material layer specifically includes the following steps: And placing the substrate into a sintering chamber and keeping the sintering time in a preset manner, wherein the internal temperature of the sintering chamber is 700-850 ℃, and the preset sintering time is 10-50 s. Optionally, the thickness of the connecting structure is 10 nm-40 nm, and the thickness of the surface protection layer is 1-15 mu m. Optionally, before the step of forming the protective material layer in the designated area of the surface to be treated of the substrate, the method further comprises the steps of: and forming a metal material layer on the surface of the substrate, wherein the material forming the metal material layer can be sintered to form a metal electrode. Optionally, the step of forming the protective material layer in the designated area of the surface to be treated of the substrate specifically includes the following steps: and coating the photovoltaic cell surface prot